9,952 research outputs found
Linkages between Market Participation and Productivity: Results from a Multi-Country Farm Household Sample
We build upon international trade literature to analyze the direction of causality between market participation and productivity. Cross-country household data from Tanzania, Vietnam and Guatemala are used in a 2SLS approach with market participation and productivity as endogenous variables. Results indicate that households with higher productivity tend to participate in agricultural markets regardless of market access factors. In contrast, having better market access does not necessarily lead to higher productivity. This finding suggests that investments in market access infrastructure provide minimal, if any, improvements in agricultural productivity; whereas programs targeted at enhancements in farm structure and capital have the potential to increase both productivity and market participation.International Relations/Trade, Marketing, Productivity Analysis,
Agricultural Prices and Income Distribution among Farmers: A Whole-Household, Multi-Country, Multi-Year Analysis
Recent studies have emphasized that the poorest farmers are often net buyers of key commodities and therefore harmed by rising prices. We use LSMS data from Tanzania, Vietnam and Guatemala to test the degree of net purchases or sales by income level. We find that poorer farmers may be net buyers of individual crops, but only the poorest are net buyers of all crops. More generally, net sales among poor farmers are low. We conclude that agricultural price changes have a diverse but limited influence on poor farmersâ welfare, because their farm sales tend to be offset by food purchases.market participation, poverty, inequality, multi-continent multicountry, Agricultural Finance,
Self-consistent Green's functions calculation of the nucleon mean-free path
The extension of Green's functions techniques to the complex energy plane
provides access to fully dressed quasi-particle properties from a microscopic
perspective. Using self-consistent ladder self-energies, we find both spectra
and lifetimes of such quasi-particles in nuclear matter. With a consistent
choice of the group velocity, the nucleon mean-free path can be computed. Our
results indicate that, for energies above 50 MeV at densities close to
saturation, a nucleon has a mean-free path of 4 to 5 femtometers.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures. Minor changes, bibliography corrected. Accepted
version in Phys. Rev. Let
Invariant manifolds and equilibrium states for non-uniformly hyperbolic horseshoes
In this paper we consider horseshoes containing an orbit of homoclinic
tangency accumulated by periodic points. We prove a version of the Invariant
Manifolds Theorem, construct finite Markov partitions and use them to prove the
existence and uniqueness of equilibrium states associated to H\"older
continuous potentials.Comment: 33 pages, 6 figure
The Trichoptera of Panama XIII. Further new country records for caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from the Republic of Panama
The Republic of Panama currently includes 414 recorded species of Trichoptera. Herein we add two new genera (Hydroptilidae: Angrisanoia Ozdikmen, 2008 and Mayatrichia Mosely, 1937) and 17 new country records (Philopotamidae: Chimarra (C.) tapanti Blahnik, Wormaldia bolivari Muñoz-Quesada and Holzenthal, and Wormaldia zunigae Muñoz-Quesada and Holzenthal; Hydropsychidae: Centromacronema pygmaeum Botosaneanu; Hydroptilidae: Brysopteryx esparta Harris and Holzenthal, Byrsopteryx solisi Harris and Holzenthal, Costatrichia falsa Santos, Takiya, and Nessimian, Mayatrichia illobia Harris and Holzenthal, Metrichia amplitudinis Bueno-Soria and Holzenthal, Ochrotrichia boquillas Moulton and Harris, O. conformalis Bueno-Soria and Holzenthal, O. quinealensis Bueno-Soria and Holzenthal, and O. unica Bueno-Soria and Santiago; Leptoceridae: Triaenodes morai Holzenthal and Andersen; Odontoceridae: Marilia kingsolveri Bueno-Soria and Rojas-Ascencio; and, Helicopsychidae: Helicopsyche alajuela Johanson and Holzenthal and Helicopsyche breviterga Flint) to Panamaâs caddisfly fauna. The newly recorded taxa increase Panamaâs total known caddisfly fauna to 431 species, distributed among 15 families and 55 genera. These results are part of an ongoing effort to characterize the caddisfly fauna of Panama, and to evaluate the aquatic insect diversity of the countryâs major watersheds (cuencas).
La RepĂșblica de PanamĂĄ actualmente incluye 414 especies registradas de Trichoptera. AquĂ agregamos dos nuevos gĂ©neros (Hydroptilidae: Angrisanoia Ozdikmen, 2008 y Mayatrichia Mosely, 1937) y 17 nuevos registros para el paĂs (Philopotamidae: Chimarra (C.) tapanti Blahnik, Wormaldia bolivari Muñoz-Quesada y Holzenthal, y Wormaldia zunigae Muñoz-Quesada y Holzenthal; Hydropsychidae: Centromacronema pygmaeum Botosaneanu; Hydroptilidae: Brysopteryx esparta Harris y Holzenthal, Byrsopteryx solisi Harris y Holzenthal, Costatrichia falsa Santos, Takiya, y Nessimian, Mayatrichia illobia Harris y Holzenthal, Metrichia amplitudinis Bueno-Soria y Holzenthal, Ochrotrichia boquillas Moulton y Harris, Ochrotrichia conformalis Bueno-Soria y Holzenthal, Ochrotrichia quinealensis Bueno-Soria y Holzenthal, y Ochrotrichia unica Bueno-Soria y Santiago; Leptoceridae: Triaenodes morai Holzenthal y Andersen; Odontoceridae: Marilia kingsolveri Bueno-Soria y Rojas- Ascencio; y, Helicopsychidae: Helicopsyche alajuela Johanson y Holzenthal y Helicopsyche breviterga Flint) a la fauna de Trichoptera de PanamĂĄ. Los taxones recien reportados aumentan el total de la fauna de Trichoptera de PanamĂĄ a 431 especies, distribuidas en 15 familias y 55 gĂ©neros. Estos resultados son parte de un esfuerzo continuo para caracterizar la fauna de Trichoptera y para evaluar la diversidad de insectos acuĂĄticos de las principales cuencas hidrogrĂĄficas (cuencas) de PanamĂĄ
Morfologia comparada das gĂŽnadas de pentatomĂdeos de importĂąncia agrĂcola.
Os percevejos fitĂłfagos sĂŁo de grande importĂąncia agrĂcola e afetam a produtividade de algumas culturas. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o sistema reprodutor desses percevejos, e fazer uma anĂĄlise comparativa para constatar se pode haver distinçÔes morfolĂłgicas intra e inter-especĂficas
Avaliação dos estågios de desenvolvimento gonodal de percevejos fitófagos (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae).
O objetivo deste trabalho Ă© avaliar o estĂĄdio de desenvolvimento das gĂŽnadas de diferentes espĂ©cies de percevejos fitĂłfagos, caracterizando seu perĂodo de diapausa.PĂŽster - graduação
Statistical Assessment of In-Plane Masonry Panels Using Limit Analysis with Sliding Mechanism
Historical masonry structures have a great interest in civil engineering because they constitute a large part of the world's building heritage. In this paper, the effects that different geometrical (panel ratio, block ratio, and bond type) and mechanical (friction ratio) parameters have on the in-plane structural response of brick masonry panels are investigated. A discrete modeling approach, based on a limit analysis and capable of reproducing sliding mechanisms, formulation by one of the authors has been adopted, enhanced, and implemented. Results, in terms of collapse multipliers and collapse mechanisms, are presented and analyzed following a systematic statistical approach. Statistically significant effects have been found for each factor considered. Furthermore, the statistical model adopted included nonlinear terms that allowed the identification of whether the effect of one parameter on the response depends on the level of any other parameters. Thus, it was observed that two-way factor interactions played an important role in the in-plane response of masonry panels. The panel ratio-friction ratio two-way factor interaction was the one with a more significant effect
Determinação da diapausa pelo desenvolvimento gonadal em percevejos de importĂąncia agrĂcola.
A diapausa Ă© a suspensĂŁo do desenvolvimento do inseto devido a fatores biĂłticos e/ou abiĂłticos, que permitem ao inseto sobreviver em uma condição adversa. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar as estruturas reprodutivas de percevejos de importĂąncia agrĂcola da famĂlia Pentatomidae e identificar fĂȘmeas que estĂŁo no perĂodo de diapausa. As espĂ©cies avaliadas foram: Euschistus heros, Tibraca limbativentris e Oebalus ypsilongriseus, coletados na safra 2012/2013, no Estado de GoiĂĄs. As dissecaçÔes foram realizadas com o auxĂlio de um microscĂłpio estereoscĂłpio, placa de Petri com parafina para a fixação dos percevejos submersos em ĂĄgua destilada ou ĂĄlcool 70%, que permite a visualização da estrutura reprodutiva. A diapausa foi caracterizada por fĂȘmeas com ovĂĄrios imaturos e diferenciadas das fĂȘmeas no inĂcio da fase reprodutiva devido a presença de poucos ovĂłcitos. Foram observados ovĂĄrios em duas situaçÔes distintas: imaturas ou maduras. As gĂŽnadas imaturas apresentaram uma estrutura afilada, caracterizadas pela ausĂȘncia de ovĂłcitos, esse padrĂŁo foi observado em todos os indivĂduos imaturos. As gĂŽnadas maduras foram subdivididas em dois grupos, fĂȘmeas no inĂcio ou em plena fase reprodutiva. As fĂȘmeas no inĂcio da atividade reprodutiva apresentaram ovĂłcitos localizados apenas na parte inferior dos ovarĂolos e as fĂȘmeas em plena atividade reprodutiva possuĂam aproximadamente 16 ovĂłcitos distribuĂdos em todo ovĂĄrio, caracterizando um ovĂĄrio completamente preenchido. 58% dos indivĂduos de T. limbativentris coletados no perĂodo de novembro/2012 (inicio de safra), 43% dos E. heros coletados em março/2013 (final de safra) e 67% dos indivĂduos de O. ypsilongriseus coletados em novembro/2013 (inicio de safra) possuĂam gĂŽnadas imaturas. Portanto, mais de 40% de fĂȘmeas com gĂŽnadas imaturas, indicam que os indivĂduos estavam entrando ou saindo do perĂodo de diapausa
- âŠ