Ring Bose-Einstein condensate in a cavity: Chirality Detection and Rotation Sensing

Recently, a method has been proposed to detect the rotation of a ring Bose-Einstein condensate, in situ, in real-time and with minimal destruction, using a cavity driven with optical fields carrying orbital angular momentum. This method is sensitive to the magnitude of the condensate winding number but not its sign. In the present work, we consider simulations of the rotation of the angular lattice formed by the optical fields and show that the resulting cavity transmission spectra are sensitive to the sign of the condensate winding number. We demonstrate the minimally destructive technique on persistent current rotational eigenstates, counter-rotating superpositions, and a soliton singly or in collision with a second soliton. Conversely, we also investigate the sensitivity of the ring condensate, given knowledge of its winding number, to the rotation of the optical lattice. This characterizes the effectiveness of the optomechanical configuration as a laboratory rotation sensor. Our results are important to studies of rotating ring condensates used in atomtronics, superfluid hydrodynamics, simulation of topological defects and cosmological theories, interferometry using matter-wave solitons, and optomechanical sensing.Comment: 16pages, 14 Figure

Pneumonia perceptions and management : a focused ethnographic study in rural area of Lalitpur, Nepal

Childhood pneumonia is one of the main reasons for childhood mortality in Nepal. In this study, local beliefs, perceptions and illness management in childhood pneumonia are explored. A focused ethnographic study was carried out in a rural area of Lalitpur district, Nepal. The study incorporates focus group discussion, in-depth interviews, and observation from twenty mothers of children under five and ten community health workers. Key informant interviews were also included with two traditional faith healers and two traditional birth attendants. The findings showed that mothers recognize the symptoms of pneumonia mainly as breathing problems like swa swa aaune (difficulty in breathing), ghyaar ghyaar hune (noisy breathing), chito chito sas pherne (fast breathing) and kokha hanne (chest indrawing) including lethargy, fever and general weakness. The main severity indicator was kokha hanne (chest indrawing) the breathing problem and fever. Mothers perceived exposure to cold ( chiso) to be the dominant cause of pneumonia. Generally the treatment starts on home level with home remedies and if the symptoms persist they further seek treatment either with traditional faith healer or biomedical treatment according to the mother's perception of severity. It was found that despite this belief in mothers seeking biomedical care for pneumonia was high. Most of the health workers were also familiar with the mothers' use of local terms for pneumonia. They were also aware of the mothers' use of home remedies and traditional faith healing. This study demonstrates understanding mothers' perceptions on pneumonia and illness management should be considered to encourage prompt and adequate care seeking

Factors Associated with Pregnancy among Married Adolescents in Nepal: Secondary Analysis of the National Demographic and Health Surveys from 2001 to 2011

Pregnancy-related morbidity and mortality are much more prevalent among adolescents than adults, particularly in low-income settings. Little is known about risk factors for pregnancy among adolescents in Nepal, but setting-specific evidence is needed to inform interventions. This study aimed to describe the prevalence, and identify factors associated with pregnancy among adolescents in Nepal between 2001 and 2011. Secondary analyses of Nepal Demographic Health Surveys (NDHS) data from 2001, 2006, and 2011 were completed. The outcome was any pregnancy or birth among married adolescents; prevalence was calculated for each survey year. Although the rate of marriage among adolescent women in Nepal decreased significantly from 2001 to 2011, prevalence of pregnancy and birth among married adolescent women in Nepal remains high (average 56%) in Nepal, and increased significantly between 2001 and 2011. Regression analyses of this outcome indicate higher risk was associated with living in the least resourced region, early sexual debut, and older husband. Despite national efforts to reduce pregnancies among married adolescent women in Nepal, prevalence remains high. Integrated, cross-sectoral prevention efforts are required. Poverty reduction and infrastructure improvements may lead to lower rates of adolescent pregnancy

Additional file 2: of Reliability and validity of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) for detecting perinatal common mental disorders (PCMDs) among women in low-and lower-middle-income countries: a systematic review

PRISMA (2009) checklist for studies included for this systematic review. (DOCX 25 kb

Abstracts of National Conference on Research and Developments in Material Processing, Modelling and Characterization 2020

This book presents the abstracts of the papers presented to the Online National Conference on Research and Developments in Material Processing, Modelling and Characterization 2020 (RDMPMC-2020) held on 26th and 27th August 2020 organized by the Department of Metallurgical and Materials Science in Association with the Department of Production and Industrial Engineering, National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India. Conference Title: National Conference on Research and Developments in Material Processing, Modelling and Characterization 2020Conference Acronym: RDMPMC-2020Conference Date: 26–27 August 2020Conference Location: Online (Virtual Mode)Conference Organizer: Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology JamshedpurCo-organizer: Department of Production and Industrial Engineering, National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, IndiaConference Sponsor: TEQIP-