35 research outputs found

    Molecular genetic polymorphism at the Îș-casein and ÎČ-lactoglobulin loci in Finnish dairy hulls

    Get PDF
    Dairy bulls have been genotyped for K-casein and P-lactoglobulin from semen samples by methodology based on a polymerase chain reaction (PCR), In this study, a previously described method for Îș-casein A and B variants was extended to cover also the detection of the E variant. For ÎČ-lactoglobulin the variants A and B were genotyped by another PCR-based method. The frequencies of the Îș-casein and ÎČ-lactoglobulin alleles were determined from 308 and 291 Finnish Ayrshire and 42 and 44 Finnish Friesian bulls, respectively. The bulls had been born between 1973 and 1988. There was no noticeable trend in the differences between allele frequencies over the years, the overall frequencies of Îș-casein A, B and E being 0.62, 0.09 and 0.29 in the Finnish Ayrshires and 0.85, 0.14 and 0.01 in Finnish Friesians. The overall frequencies of ÎČ-lactoglobulin A and B alleles were 0.25 and 0.75 in Ayrshires and 0.56 and 0.44 in Friesian

    Are there environmental or agricultural benefits in using forest residue biochar in boreal agricultural clay soil?

    Get PDF
    Short-term agronomic and environmental benefits are fundamental factors in encouraging farmers to use biochar on a broad scale. The short-term impacts of forest residue biochar (BC) on the productivity and carbon (C) storage of arable boreal clay soil were studied in a field experiment. In addition, rain simulations and aggregate stability tests were carried out to investigate the potential of BC to reduce nutrient export to surface waters. A BC addition of 30 t ha−1 increased soil test phosphorus and decreased bulk density in the surface soil but did not significantly change pH or water retention properties, and most importantly, did not increase the yield. There were no changes in the bacterial or fungal communities, or biomasses. Soil basal respiration was higher in BC-amended plots in the spring, but no differences in respiration rates were detected in the fall two years after the application. Rain simulation experiments did not support the use of BC in reducing erosion or the export of nutrients from the field. Of the C added, on average 80% was discovered in the 0–45 cm soil layer one year after the application. Amendment of boreal clay soil with a high rate of BC characterized by a moderately alkaline pH, low surface functionalities, and a recalcitrant nature, did not induce such positive impacts that would unambiguously motivate farmers to invest in BC. BC use seems unviable from the farmer's perspective but could play a role in climate change mitigation, as it will likely serve as long-term C storage.202

    Bioavailability of phosphorus in granulated and pyrolyzed broiler manure

    Get PDF
    Production of organic fertilizers from poultry manure may compromise availability of phosphorus (P) to plants. This study examined the effects of granulation, feather meal addition, and pyrolysis on bioavailability of P in broiler manure in a pot experiment with ryegrass and assessed whether P availability is enhanced by inoculating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) into soil. Granulated broiler manure gave similar plant yield and P uptake to superphosphate. Feather meal addition had a minor negative effect on P availability, whereas pyrolysis lowered the fertilization effect of broiler manure. The yield-based mineral-P equivalences were 120%, 85% and 75% during the first harvest, and 100%, 75% and 45% during one growing season for granulated unamended, granulated amended with feather meal and pyrolyzed broiler manure. Soil inoculation with AMF did not enhance P availability. Granulated poultry manure is suitable as a P fertilizer for annual crops with comparable bioavailability to mineral fertilizer P, whereas pyrolyzed poultry manure is suitable as a slow-release or storage P fertilizer in slightly acidic soils. Knowledge on P bioavailability in organic fertilizers produced with different technologies can be used for optimizing fertilization, minimizing build-up of soil P and its adverse environmental effects. (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

    Mapping of new microsatellite markers on the cattle genetic linkage map

    No full text
    vo

    Naudan tuotanto-ominaisuuksiin kytkeytyneiden DNA-merkkien etsiminen kromosomista 6

    No full text

    Survival of biopsied and sexed bovine demi-embryos

    No full text
    vo

    Molecular genetic polymorphism at the k-casein and ß-lactoglobulin loci in Finnish dairy bulls

    No full text
    KotielĂ€intuotannon tutkimuslaitoksen elĂ€injalostusyksikössĂ€ on aloitettu tutkimus maitoproteiinivarianttien yhteyksistĂ€ elĂ€inten tuotanto-ominaisuuksiin. TĂ€ssĂ€ julkaisussa esitetÀÀn työn ensimmĂ€inen vaihe, jossa molekyyligeneettistĂ€ menetelmÀÀ sovellettiin keinosiemennyssonnien k-kaseiinin ja b-laktoglobuliinin genotyypitykseen. Tuloksista laskettiin nĂ€iden lokusten alleelifrekvenssit ayrshire- ja friisilĂ€isroduille. DNA-monimuotoisuutta analysoitiin entsymaattisen monistamisen (PCR) ja DNA:ta spesifisesti pilkkovien entsyymien avulla. k-kaselinin variantit A, B ja E sekĂ€ b-laktoglobuliinin variantit Aja B mÀÀritettiin spermanĂ€ytteistĂ€. YhteensĂ€ 308/291 ayrshire- ja 42/44 friisilĂ€isnĂ€ytettĂ€ analysoitiin k-kaseiinin/b-laktoglobuliinin suhteen. k-lokuksen A-, B- ja E-alleelien frekvenssit olivat ayrshire-sonneilla 0,61, 0,10 ja 0,29 ja friisilĂ€issonneilla 0,85, 0,14 ja 0,01. b-laktoglobuliinilokuksessa olivat A- ja B-alleelien frekvenssit ayrshirella 0,25 ja 0,75 ja friisilĂ€isillĂ€ vastaavasti 0,56 ja 0,44. AlleelifrekvenssejĂ€ tutkittiin ayrshirellĂ€ myös ikĂ€ryhmittĂ€in sonnien syntymĂ€vuosien (1973-88) mukaan. FrekvensseissĂ€ ei havaittu systemaattista muutosta tulkittuna ajanjaksona. NĂ€iden rotujen k-lokuksen alleelifrekvenssit vastasivat hyvin jo aiemmin maidosta proteiinielektroforeesilla mÀÀritettyjĂ€ frekvenssejĂ€. b-lakto-lobuliinin alleelifrekvensseissĂ€ havaittiin vĂ€hĂ€isiĂ€ eroja aikaisempiin tutkimuksiin verrattuna. Erot saattavat johtua analysoidun aineiston koosta. LisĂ€ksi aikaisemmat tutkimukset on tehty lehmillĂ€ kun taas tĂ€ssĂ€ tutkimuksessa kĂ€ytettiin sonneja. Maitoproteiinialleelien ja taloudellisten ominaisuuksien vĂ€lisistĂ€ yhteyksistĂ€ tarvitaan yksityiskohtaisempaa analyysiĂ€. TĂ€llaisessa analyysissĂ€ k-kaseiinilokus pitĂ€isi analysoida yhdessĂ€ muiden geneettisesti kytkeytyneiden kaseiinilokusten (as1-, as2- ja b-kaseiinin) kanssa.Dairy bulls have been genotyped for k-casein and b-lactoglobulin from semen samples by methodology based on a polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In this study, a previously described method for k-casein A and B variants was extended to cover also the detection of the E variant. For b-lactoglobulin the variants A and B were genotyped by another PCR-based method. The frequencies of the k-casein and b-lactoglobulin alleles were deternined from 308 and 291 Finnish Ayrshire and 42 and 44 Finnish Friesian bulls, respectively. The bulls had been born between 1973 and 1988. There was no noticeable trend in the differences between allele frequencies over the years, the overall frequencies of k-casein A, B and E being 0.62, 0.09 and 0.29 in the Finnish Ayrshires and 0.85, 0.14 and 0.01 in Finnish Fresians. The overall frequencies of b-lactoglobulin A and B alleles were 0.25 and 0.75 in Ayrshires and 0.56 and 0.44 in Friesians.VokIrtonumeroiden myynti MTT:n kirjasto, vuosikertatilauksia vĂ€littĂ€vĂ€t mm. kirjakaupatk-kaseiinin ja ß-laktoglobuliinin varianttien molekyyligeneettinen tunnistaminen ja muuntelu suomalaisissa lypsykarjasonneiss

    Îș-kaseiinin ja ÎČ-laktoglobuliinin varianttien molekyyligeneettinen tunnistaminen ja muuntelu suomalaisissa lypsykarjasonneissa

    No full text
    Dairy bulls have been genotyped for K-casein and P-lactoglobulin from semen samples by methodology based on a polymerase chain reaction (PCR), In this study, a previously described method for Îș-casein A and B variants was extended to cover also the detection of the E variant. For ÎČ-lactoglobulin the variants A and B were genotyped by another PCR-based method. The frequencies of the Îș-casein and ÎČ-lactoglobulin alleles were determined from 308 and 291 Finnish Ayrshire and 42 and 44 Finnish Friesian bulls, respectively. The bulls had been born between 1973 and 1988. There was no noticeable trend in the differences between allele frequencies over the years, the overall frequencies of Îș-casein A, B and E being 0.62, 0.09 and 0.29 in the Finnish Ayrshires and 0.85, 0.14 and 0.01 in Finnish Friesians. The overall frequencies of ÎČ-lactoglobulin A and B alleles were 0.25 and 0.75 in Ayrshires and 0.56 and 0.44 in FriesiansKotielĂ€intuotannon tutkimuslaitoksen elĂ€injalostusyksikössĂ€ on aloitettu tutkimus maitoproteiinivarianttien yhteyksistĂ€ elĂ€inten tuotanto-ominaisuuksiin. TĂ€ssĂ€ julkaisussa esitetÀÀn työn ensimmĂ€inen vaihe, jossa molekyyligeneettistĂ€ menetelmÀÀ sovellettiin keinosiemennyssonnien Îș-kaseiinin ja ÎČ-laktoglobuliinin genotyypitykseen. Tuloksista laskettiin nĂ€iden lokusten alleelifrekvenssit ayrshire- ja friisilĂ€isroduille. DNA-monimuotoisuutta analysoitiin entsymaattisen monistamisen (PCR) ja DNA:ta spesifisesti pilkkovien entsyymien avulla. K-kaseiinin variantit A, B ja E sekĂ€ ÎČ-laktoglobuliinin variantit A ja B mÀÀritettiin spermanĂ€ytteistĂ€. YhteensĂ€ 308/291 ayrshire-ja 42/44 friisilĂ€isnĂ€ytettĂ€ analysoitiin K-kaseiinin/ÎČ-laktoglobuliinin suhteen. Îș-lokuksen A-, B- ja E-alleelien frekvenssit olivat ayrshire-sonneilla 0,61, 0,10 ja 0,29 ja friisilĂ€issonneilla 0,85, 0,14 ja 0,01. ÎČ-laktoglobuliinilokuksessa olivat A- ja B-alleelien frekvenssit ayrshirella 0,25 ja 0,75 ja friisilĂ€isillĂ€ vastaavasti 0,56 ja 0,44. AlleelifrekvenssejĂ€ tutkittiin ayrshirellĂ€ myös ikĂ€ryhmittĂ€in sonnien syntymĂ€vuosien (1973-88) mukaan. FrekvensseissĂ€ ei havaittu systemaattista muutosta tutkittuna ajanjaksona. NĂ€iden rotujen Îș-lokuksen alleelifrekvenssit vastasivat hyvin jo aiemmin maidosta proteiinielektroforeesilla mÀÀritettyjĂ€ frekvenssejĂ€. ÎČ-lakloglobuliinin alleelifrekvensseissĂ€ havaittiin vĂ€hĂ€isiĂ€ eroja aikaisempiin tutkimuksiin verrattuna. Erot saattavat johtua analysoidun aineiston koosta. LisĂ€ksi aikaisemmat tutkimukset on tehty lehmillĂ€ kun taas tĂ€ssĂ€ tutkimuksessa kĂ€ytettiin sonneja. Maitoproteiinialleelien ja taloudellisten ominaisuuksien vĂ€lisistĂ€ yhteyksistĂ€ tarvitaan yksityiskohtaisempaa analyysiĂ€. TĂ€llaisessa analyysissĂ€ Îș-kaseiinilokus pitĂ€isi analysoida yhdessĂ€ muiden geneettisesti kytkeytyneiden kaseiinilokusten (αs1-, αs2- ja ÎČ-kaseiinin) kanssa

    Multi-marker mapping by regression in dairy cattle

    No full text
    EsitelmÀ (Kari Elo)
    corecore