Pozón : reconocimiento de un conchero, en clave de desarrollo y cultura /

“La poesía huye, a veces de los libros para anidar en los extramuros, en la calle, en silencio, en los sueños, en la piel, en los escombros, incluso en la basura (…)” 2 no lejos del centro de la ciudad; como lo hallado en El Pozón. El lugar de los recuerdos, el de las polvorientas calles y callejones agrietados. La zona de resistencia social; el sitio de sinsabores, el mundo y el espacio conocido, donde me desenvolví por mucho tiempo. Donde algunas veces la parte más difícil no fue la de olvidar, sino aprender a empezar de nuevo, la reconstrucción de la historia de mi barrio. Esta vez, con el propósito de poder visibilizar su entorno cultural arqueológico conchero, hacia su reconocimiento; como lugar de encuentros históricos, sociológicos, humanísticos y arqueológicos. Mostrando cada una de sus vivencias, donde se fueron creando arraigos vecinales y sociales en esta parte de la ciudad.Incluye referencias bibliográfica

Effects of 20 years of parceling on the condition of communal rangeland on a Mexican ejido

This study evaluated the current condition of rangeland on 18 out of 62 plots created in 1993 by parceling the communal rangeland of the El Castañón ejido (Catorce, San Luis Potosí, México). Six plots located in three different rangeland sites were analyzed: two, visually characterized as ‘good’, two as ‘poor’, and two as ‘intermediate’. The density and volumetric biomass of the preponderant perennial species were estimated after grouping them by vital form and forage value. The current state of soil cover was assessed using Canfield’s line intercept method. Estimates of the variables of vegetation structure and soil cover on the plots were then subjected to multivariate analysis (DECORANA). The hypothesis established that the concepts of site and condition of rangeland, developed for climatic grasslands in the USA, are valid for multi-stratified rangelands in the scrublands of the potosino highland. The three sites of rangeland and the visual assessments of their condition were confirmed by the results of the analyses of vegetation and soil cover. After prioritizing 17 characteristics of the 18 plots, we confirmed that the variables density and biomass by groups of species with distinct forage value, and the ratio of bare soil to ground covered with vegetation and mulch, generated adequate evaluations of the condition of these rangelands. The studied plots showed important differences in rangeland condition, after 20 years of parceling and individual exploitation. Higlights The grazing lands in the Mexican ejidos are communal, without clear rules that determine the adequate amount of livestock that can graze a given area, hence there are abuse and deterioration of up to 95% of these lands. The ejido "El Castañón y Anexos" was the first in the Potosino highlands that took advantage of the amendment to article 27 of the Constitution in 1993, to parcel out common use areas and manage them individually since then. Three rangeland sites were recognized and in each of them two parcels with better condition, two with worst condition, and two with intermediate condition, were evaluated, for a total of 18 studied parcels, out of the 62 resulting from the parcel out process. The used combination of vegetation and soil cover variables, were adequate to verify visual gradients from good to fair, and from fair to poor condition, which may allow their application in the evaluation of the condition of rangelands under similar ecological conditions.  The results obtained after the parcel out process of the communal rangelands of the "El Castañón y Anexos" ejido, may be the basis to stop and reverse the generalized desertification of the grazing lands under social usufruct.This study evaluated the current condition of rangeland on 18 out of 62 plots created in 1993 by parceling the communal rangeland of the El Castañón ejido (Catorce, San Luis Potosí, México). Six plots located in three different rangeland sites were analyzed: two, visually characterized as ‘good’, two as ‘poor’, and two as ‘intermediate’. The density and volumetric biomass of the preponderant perennial species were estimated after grouping them by vital form and forage value. The current state of soil cover was assessed using Canfield’s line intercept method. Estimates of the variables of vegetation structure and soil cover on the plots were then subjected to multivariate analysis (DECORANA). The hypothesis established that the concepts of site and condition of rangeland, developed for climatic grasslands in the USA, are valid for multi-stratified rangelands in the scrublands of the potosino highland. The three sites of rangeland and the visual assessments of their condition were confirmed by the results of the analyses of vegetation and soil cover. After prioritizing 17 characteristics of the 18 plots, we confirmed that the variables density and biomass by groups of species with distinct forage value, and the ratio of bare soil to ground covered with vegetation and mulch, generated adequate evaluations of the condition of these rangelands. The studied plots showed important differences in rangeland condition, after 20 years of parceling and individual exploitation. Higlights The grazing lands in the Mexican ejidos are communal, without clear rules that determine the adequate amount of livestock that can graze a given area, hence there are abuse and deterioration of up to 95% of these lands. The ejido "El Castañón y Anexos" was the first in the Potosino highlands that took advantage of the amendment to article 27 of the Constitution in 1993, to parcel out common use areas and manage them individually since then. Three rangeland sites were recognized and in each of them two parcels with better condition, two with worst condition, and two with intermediate condition, were evaluated, for a total of 18 studied parcels, out of the 62 resulting from the parcel out process. The used combination of vegetation and soil cover variables, were adequate to verify visual gradients from good to fair, and from fair to poor condition, which may allow their application in the evaluation of the condition of rangelands under similar ecological conditions.  The results obtained after the parcel out process of the communal rangelands of the "El Castañón y Anexos" ejido, may be the basis to stop and reverse the generalized desertification of the grazing lands under social usufruct

Improvement of efficient coupling and optical resonances by using taper-waveguides coupled to cascade of UV210 polymer micro-resonators

International audienceIn this paper, we report the overall design, fabrication and optical characterization of single and multiple resonant micro-structures patterned on the UV210 polymer and shaped by adequate deep-UV lithography procedures. Various families of ring and racetrack forms are investigated with different geometrical dimensions linked to the micro-resonators and the specific taper-waveguides and gaps allowing the optimized coupling. Well defined photonic structures families in the sub-micrometer range obtained by this deep UV-light process are clearly confirmed through scanning electron microscopy. In order to evaluate and quantify the efficiency of the sub-micrometer coupling, the recirculation of the light and the quality of the optical resonance aspects, a global study including top view intensity imaging, spectral measurements and Fast Fourier Transform analysis is performed for all these devices based on single and multiple family resonators. The experimental TE-mode resonance transmissions reveal a complete agreement with the period of the theoretically expected resonances. A maximum value of the quality factor Q = 3.5 x 10^3 at 1035 nm with a 3.2 times higher resonance contrast is assessed for cascade of triple micro-resonators respect to the photonic devices based on only one micro-resonator. In addition, these UV210 circuits made of specific tapers coupling to cascade loops act directly on the improvement of the evanescent coupling and resonances in terms of quality factor and extinction rate, by selecting successively and more precisely the optical mode resonance. All these designs and low cost technological reproducible steps, and furthermore the devices and protocol measurements are markedly suitable for mass fabrication and metrology applications

Compost obtained from feces of dairy cattle vs. fertilizer on triticale production (X Triticum secale Wittmack)

El uso de abono es cada vez más frecuente en la agricultura por su efecto positivo sobre la fertilidad del suelo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la altura de planta, número de tallos por m2, longitud foliar, número de hojas por tallo y rendimiento de materia seca de triticale (X Triticum secale Wittmack), fertilizado con abono (humus de lombriz y ácidos húmicos) y urea. Los tratamientos fueron: humus de lombriz, ácidos húmicos, urea, humus de lombriz + urea, ácidos húmicos + urea y testigo. Se utilizó un diseño completo al azar, con 6 tratamientos y 3 repeticiones, en unidades experimentales de 60 m2 y densidad de siembra de 100 kg de semilla por ha. Los mayores resultados de producción indican que la combinación de la fertilización orgánica e inorgánica fue mejor que los demás tratamientos (p<0,05), sin embargo, no hubo diferencias en las propiedades bromatológicas (p>0,05). La producción de triticale en los tratamientos con urea fue hasta un 70% superior al testigo y a los tratamientos únicamente con abonos.The use of compost obtained from feces is increasingly common in agriculture for soil fertility, the objective of this study was to determine the plant height, number of stems per m2, leaf length, number of leaves per stem and dry matter yield of triticale (X Triticum secale Wittmack), fertilized with compost (humus and humic acids) and urea. A complete randomized design was used with 6 treatments and 3 replications in experimental units of 60 m2 and seeding density of 100 kg of seed per ha. The treatments were: humus, humic acids, urea, humus + urea, humic acids + urea and control. The higher production indicate that the combination of organic and inorganic fertilization was better than the other treatments (p <0.05), however, there were no differences in the bromatological properties (p> 0.05). The production of triticale in treatments with urea was up to 70% higher than the control and anothers treatments evaluated.Fil: Beltrán Santoyo, Miguel Ángel. Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí (México)Fil: Álvarez Fuentes, Gregorio. Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí (México)Fil: García Lopez, Juan Carlos. Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí (México)Fil: Castro Rivera, Rigoberto

Optimizacion de tecnicas para la pre-germinacion del laurel de cera (Morella pubescens Hy B ex Willdenow)

Una de las especies promisorias nativas forestales, que ha de ser utilizada no solo para la forestación de zonas deterioradas o desérticas sino también para el incremento de la biomasa, es el laurel de cera (Morella pubescens H.B ex Wild). Desafortunadamente su germinación es baja lo que hace necesario investigar procesos artificiales más rápidos. Tres métodos pre-germinativos fueron analizados en esta investigación: a) eliminación de cera con solventes orgánicos, b) eliminación de posibles inhibidores de germinación (cambios diarios de agua de grifo) y c) inductores de germinación (hormonas). Los resultados obtenidos en el primer método revelaron que el peróxido de hidrógeno y éter de petróleo son los solventes orgánicos más recomendables. Con respecto al segundo método, las condiciones experimentales (choque térmico) posiblemente influyeron negativamente en el proceso germinativo, presentando ausencia de emergencia con excepción del testigo. Finalmente la evaluación del método tercero, reflejo porcentajes de germinación relativamente altos para el ácido giberélico y el ácido naftaleno acético comparado con el testigo. Además, se observo que no hubo efecto sinérgico entre ambos ácidos bajo las condiciones estudiadas

A novel deep-UV polymer for integrated photonics: waveguides structures towards cascade of multiple micro-resonators

International audienceAn overview of targeted current research on integrated photonics based on the new deep-UV210 organic material is given. We report on the interest in this new material and properties coupled to deep-ultraviolet (DUV) lithography processes towards the realization and optical characterization of sundry photonics structures. Such structures include sub-wavelength waveguides, pedestal and tapers waveguides until serial of optical micro-resonators (MRs) shaped as disk, ring, stadium and racetrack

ARTE E CULTURA NA EDUCAÇÃO: uma parceria imprescindível para aprendizagem

O presente relato tem por objetivo relatar a importância da arte e cultura serem inseridas dentro da educação. A Arte e a Cultura estão presentes em toda a sociedade. Afirmamos isso através da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação, Lei nº 9.394/96, que veio garantir este espaço à educação infantil bem como o da arte neste contexto. Assim, de acordo com que foi instruído abordaremos algumas práticas já inseridas dentro e fora de sala de aula, relatando seu desenvolvimento e sua avaliação dentro da instituição. Alguns pressupostos teóricos da educação serviram de base para nossa leitura dos autores como Ferraz e Fusari (1999); Neri (2010); Heijmans (2013); D’Aquino (1980), dentre outros. Percebemos o quanto é importante estudar a arte e cultura nas escolas, pois proporciona aos estudantes, outra visão de mundo, ampliando o seu conhecimento, levando-os a obterem, ao menos teoricamente, com culturas diferentes, hábitos e costumes distintos

ARTE E CULTURA NA EDUCAÇÃO: uma parceria imprescindível para aprendizagem

O presente relato tem por objetivo relatar a importância da arte e cultura serem inseridas dentro da educação. A Arte e a Cultura estão presentes em toda a sociedade. Afirmamos isso através da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação, Lei nº 9.394/96, que veio garantir este espaço à educação infantil bem como o da arte neste contexto. Assim, de acordo com que foi instruído abordaremos algumas práticas já inseridas dentro e fora de sala de aula, relatando seu desenvolvimento e sua avaliação dentro da instituição. Alguns pressupostos teóricos da educação serviram de base para nossa leitura dos autores como Ferraz e Fusari (1999); Neri (2010); Heijmans (2013); D’Aquino (1980), dentre outros. Percebemos o quanto é importante estudar a arte e cultura nas escolas, pois proporciona aos estudantes, outra visão de mundo, ampliando o seu conhecimento, levando-os a obterem, ao menos teoricamente, com culturas diferentes, hábitos e costumes distintos

Prácticas educomunicativas mediante el periodismo 3.0 en la coyuntura política social y económica venezolana entre diciembre 2016 y junio 2017.

La educomunicación navega en diversos campos de estudio de las Ciencias Sociales en los que de forma implícita está la comunidad y las culturas como parte del objeto de estudio; uno de núcleos es la cibercultura, que es entendida como mediaciones tecnológicas y digitales que son utilizadas en cualquier ámbito de la vida y que son empleadas como material que promueve el aprendizaje y la comunicación