The exaggerated triumph of work from home: the workplace is not dead and (for most of us) is here to stay

Many analysts argue that working from home (WFH) is now a permanent feature of our economies and the workplace as we knew it before COVID is dead. Some even predict the decline of the city centre, the end of crowded commuter trains, and the loss of innovation clusters. However, using novel and previously unexplored population data, Riccardo Crescenzi, Mara Giua, and Davide Rigo found that the diffusion of WFH was possibly exaggerated due to many studies’ strong assumptions of technology adoption and focus on big cities, which overlooks the practical barriers to WFH adoption for the less dynamic segments of the economy. They write that smaller companies and “poor” regions remain the big losers of the digital revolution

Coexistence of two main folded G-quadruplexes within a single G-rich domain in the EGFR promoter

EGFR is an oncogene which codifies for a tyrosine kinase receptor that represents an important target for anticancer therapy. Indeed, several human cancers showed an upregulation of the activity of this protein. The promoter of this gene contains some G-rich domains, thus representing a yet unexplored point of intervention to potentially silence this gene. Here, we explore the conformational equilibria of a 30-nt long sequence located at position -272 (EGFR-272). By merging spectroscopic and electrophoretic analysis performed on the wild-type sequence as well as on a wide panel of related mutants, we were able to prove that in potassium ion containing solution this sequence folds into two main G-quadruplex structures, one parallel and one hybrid. They show comparable thermal stabilities and affinities for the metal ion and, indeed, they are always co-present in solution. The folding process is driven by a hairpin occurring in the domain corresponding to the terminal loop which works as an important stabilizing element for both the identified G-quadruplex arrangements

Conformational profiling of a G-rich sequence within the c-KIT promoter

G-quadruplexes (G4) within oncogene promoters are considered to be promising anticancer targets. However, often they undergo complex structural rearrangements that preclude a precise description of the optimal target. Moreover, even when solved structures are available, they refer to the thermodynamically stable forms but little or no information is supplied about their complex multistep folding pathway. To shed light on this issue, we systematically followed the kinetic behavior of a G-rich sequence located within the c-KIT proximal promoter (kit2) in the presence of monovalent cations K + and Na + . A very short-lived intermediate was observed to start the G4 folding process in both salt conditions. Subsequently, the two pathways diverge to produce distinct thermodynamically stable species (parallel and antiparallel G-quadruplex in K + and Na + , respectively). Remarkably, in K + -containing solution a branched pathway is required to drive the wild type sequence to distribute between a monomeric and dimeric G-quadruplex. Our approach has allowed us to identify transient forms whose relative abundance is regulated by the environment; some of them were characterized by a half-life within the timescale of physiological DNA processing events and thus may represent possible unexpected targets for ligands recognition

Prognostic value of pharmacologic stress echocardiography in diabetic and nondiabetic chest pain patients with intermediate-to-high threshold positive exercise electrocardiography

Aims: To compare the prognostic value of pharmacologic stress echocardiography in diabetic and nondiabetic patients with chest pain and intermediate-to-high threshold positive exercise electrocardiography. Materials and methods: 935 chest pain patients (131 diabetics) with ST-segment depression &#8805;1 mm on exercise electrocardiography at >75 watt workload underwent dipyridamole (n=786) or dobutamine (n=149) stress echocardiography and were followed-up for the occurence of hard (death, infarction) and major events (death, infarction, late revascularization). Results: During a median follow-up of 26 months, 158 events (51 deaths, 28 myocardial infarctions, and 79 late revascularizations) occurred: 34 in diabetics and 124 in nondiabetics (see Figure). Independent predictors of hard events were age, diabetes, and ischemia at stress echo. 5-year hard event rate was 24 % in patients with and 4 % in those without ischemia (p<0.0001). Independent predictors of major events were age, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, smoking habit, antianginal therapy at the time of testing, and ischemia at stress echo. 5-year major event rate was 46 % in patients with and 7 % in those without ischemia (p<0.0001). Conclusions: Stress echocardiography is effective in risk stratifying diabetics and nondiabetics with intermediate-to-high threshold ischemic exercise electrocardiography. However, major event rate associated with a non ischemic test is similar in diabetics and nondiabetics during the first year of follow-up, and markedly increased in the former thereafter

Overdentures on implants placed in bone augmented with fresh frozen bone

Introduction In the last decade several studies have been performed to evaluate the clinical outcome of one or two stage loaded implants supporting overdentures. Aim Since fresh frozen bone (FFB) has an ever-increasing number of clinical applications and few reports are available on implants inserted into FFB, we performed a retrospective study on fixtures inserted in FFB and bearing overdentures. Methods In the period between December 2003 and December 2006, 17 patients (14 females and 3 males with a median age of about 56 years) were grafted and 60 implants inserted thereafter. A total of 17 overdentures were delivered: 8 in the mandible and 9 in the maxilla. Multiple implant systems were used: 22 Double etched, 7 SLA, 9 Anodic oxidized, and 22 CaPo4 ceramic-blasted. Implant diameter ranged from 3.25 to 4.3 mm and length from 11.5 to 16.0 mm. Implants were inserted to replace 23 incisors, 9 cuspids, 20 premolars and 8 molars. Results No implants were lost (i.e. survival rate = 100%) and no differences were detected among the studied variables. Kaplan Meier algorithm and Cox regression did not reveal any statistical differences among the studied variables also as regards the success rate. Conclusion Implants inserted FFB and bearing overdentures have a high survival rate and success rates, which are comparable to those of implants inserted in non-grafted bone. FFB bone is a reliable material for alveolar ridge augmentation. No difference was detected among removable prostheses supported by 2 or more implants

Clinical outcome of narrow diameter implants inserted into allografts

OBJECTIVE: Narrow diameter implants (NDI) (i.e. diamete

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Wide Diameter Implants Inserted in Jaws Grafted with Homologue Bone

Svrha rada: Posljednjih deset godina povećala se uporaba implantata širokog promjera (WDI-a), posebice u lateralnim dijelovima čeljusti, uglavnom zbog dobrih kliničkih rezultata. No, malo je opisanih postupaka te objavljenih radova i ni jedan se ne bavi WDI-ma ugrađenima u transplantate homologne svježe zamrznute kosti (FFB-e). Zato smo obavili i retrospektivno istraživanje na nizu WDI-a postavljenih u homologne FFB-e, kako bismo ispitali kliničke rezultate. Materijal i metode: Ukupnom broju od 49 pacijenata ugrađeno je 126 WDI-a. Njih 35 imalo je dvostruko jetkanu površinu, 5 SLA1 površinu, 9 je bilo poprečno pjeskareno i jetkano kiselinom, 44 anodno oksidirano, 19 pjeskareno s CaPO4, 10 SLA2 površinu, a 4 su usatka imala neku drugu površinu. Rezultati: Samo jedan implantat bio je izgubljen (tj. SVR = 99,2%), a nije bilo razlike ni u ispitivanim varijablama. S druge strane, Coxova regresija pokazala je da su vrsta implantata (tj. dvostruko jetkana površina, površina pjeskarena CaPO4 i SLA2 površina) te njegova duæina (manja od 13 mm) u statistički znatnoj korelaciji s manjim gubitkom krestalne kosti, a time se omogućuje i bolji klinički ishod. Zaključak: Upotreba WDI-a u homolognom FFB-u može biti prihvatljiv način liječenja te može osigurati i neka poboljšanja, posebice u lateralnim dijelovima čeljusti za različita protetska rješenja poduprta usadcima.Objective of work: In the last decade the use of wide diameter implants (WDI) has increased especially in posterior jaws for their good clinical outcomes. However there are few reports on this topic and none on WDI inserted in homologue fresh frozen bone (FFB) grafts. Thus we planned a retrospective study on a series of WDI placed in homologuous FFB to evaluate the clinical outcome. Materials and Methods: 49 patients were operated on and 126 WDI inserted. There were 35 Double etched, 5 SLA1, 9 Grit blasted and acid etched, 44 Anodic Oxidized, 19 CaPo4 ceramic-blasted, 10 SLA2, and 4 miscellaneous implants. Results: Only 1 over in 126 WDI was lost (i.e. SVR = 99.2%) and no differences were detected among the studied variables. On the contrary, the Cox regression showed that implant type (i.e. Double etched, CaPo4 Ceramic-blasted, and SLA2) and implant length (i.e. length < 13 mm) correlated with a statistically signifi cant lower crestal bone loss and thus a better clinical outcome. Conclusion: The use of WDI inserted in homologuous FFB can be a viable treatment option and may provide benefi ts especially in posterior regions for the maintenance of various implant-supported prosthetic rehabilitations

Wide Diameter Implants Inserted in Jaws Grafted with Homologue Bone

Svrha rada: Posljednjih deset godina povećala se uporaba implantata širokog promjera (WDI-a), posebice u lateralnim dijelovima čeljusti, uglavnom zbog dobrih kliničkih rezultata. No, malo je opisanih postupaka te objavljenih radova i ni jedan se ne bavi WDI-ma ugrađenima u transplantate homologne svježe zamrznute kosti (FFB-e). Zato smo obavili i retrospektivno istraživanje na nizu WDI-a postavljenih u homologne FFB-e, kako bismo ispitali kliničke rezultate. Materijal i metode: Ukupnom broju od 49 pacijenata ugrađeno je 126 WDI-a. Njih 35 imalo je dvostruko jetkanu površinu, 5 SLA1 površinu, 9 je bilo poprečno pjeskareno i jetkano kiselinom, 44 anodno oksidirano, 19 pjeskareno s CaPO4, 10 SLA2 površinu, a 4 su usatka imala neku drugu površinu. Rezultati: Samo jedan implantat bio je izgubljen (tj. SVR = 99,2%), a nije bilo razlike ni u ispitivanim varijablama. S druge strane, Coxova regresija pokazala je da su vrsta implantata (tj. dvostruko jetkana površina, površina pjeskarena CaPO4 i SLA2 površina) te njegova duæina (manja od 13 mm) u statistički znatnoj korelaciji s manjim gubitkom krestalne kosti, a time se omogućuje i bolji klinički ishod. Zaključak: Upotreba WDI-a u homolognom FFB-u može biti prihvatljiv način liječenja te može osigurati i neka poboljšanja, posebice u lateralnim dijelovima čeljusti za različita protetska rješenja poduprta usadcima.Objective of work: In the last decade the use of wide diameter implants (WDI) has increased especially in posterior jaws for their good clinical outcomes. However there are few reports on this topic and none on WDI inserted in homologue fresh frozen bone (FFB) grafts. Thus we planned a retrospective study on a series of WDI placed in homologuous FFB to evaluate the clinical outcome. Materials and Methods: 49 patients were operated on and 126 WDI inserted. There were 35 Double etched, 5 SLA1, 9 Grit blasted and acid etched, 44 Anodic Oxidized, 19 CaPo4 ceramic-blasted, 10 SLA2, and 4 miscellaneous implants. Results: Only 1 over in 126 WDI was lost (i.e. SVR = 99.2%) and no differences were detected among the studied variables. On the contrary, the Cox regression showed that implant type (i.e. Double etched, CaPo4 Ceramic-blasted, and SLA2) and implant length (i.e. length < 13 mm) correlated with a statistically signifi cant lower crestal bone loss and thus a better clinical outcome. Conclusion: The use of WDI inserted in homologuous FFB can be a viable treatment option and may provide benefi ts especially in posterior regions for the maintenance of various implant-supported prosthetic rehabilitations