Marine nematode taxonomy in the DNA age: the present and future of molecular tools to access their biodiversity

Molecular taxonomy is one of the most promising yet challenging fields of biology. Molecular markers such as nuclear and mitochondrial genes are being used in a variety of studies surveying marine nematode taxa. Sequences from more than 600 species have been deposited to date in online databases. These barcode sequences are assigned to 150 nominal species from 104 genera. There are 41 species assigned to Enoplea and 109 species to Chromadorea. Morphology-based surveys are greatly limited by processing speed, while barcoding approaches for nematodes are hampered by difficulties in matching sequence data with morphology-based taxonomy. DNA barcoding is a promising approach because some genes contain variable regions that are useful to discriminate species boundaries, discover cryptic species, quantify biodiversity and analyse phylogeny. We advocate a combination of several approaches in studies of molecular taxonomy, DNA barcoding and conventional taxonomy as a necessary step to enhance the knowledge of biodiversity of marine nematodes

Transfecção em células de Drosophila S2 usando o gene L1 do Papilomavírus Bovino tipo 4: ausência de expressão da proteína L1

The development of a bovine papillomavirus (BPV) vaccine is an outstanding challenge. BPV protein L1 gene transfection in the Drosophila melanogaster S2 cell expression system failed to produce L1 protein notwithstanding correct L1 gene insertion. Severe genetic inbalance in the host cell line, including cytogenetic alterations, may account for the lack of protein expression.O desenvolvimento de uma vacina para papilomavirus bovino (BPV) consiste em grande desafio. A transfecção do gene codificante da proteína L1 de BPV em sistema de células S2 de Drosophila melanogaster não logrou sucesso, apesar da correta inserção da seqüência gênica em vetor apropriado.Graves alterações genéticas na linhagem celular S2, que incluem aberrações cromossômicas, provavelmente estão relacionadas à ausência da expressão da proteína desejada.Instituto Butantan Laboratório de GenéticaUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco Departamento de GenéticaUniversidade Federal de Pernambuco Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo AsamiUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Departamento de BiofísicaUNIFESP, Depto. de BiofísicaSciEL

Morphological and molecular taxonomy of a new Daptonema (Nematoda, Xyalidae) with comments on the systematics of some related taxa

Figure 4. Drawing of Daptonema matrona sp. nov. allotype: A, habitus; B, cephalic region; C, tail.Published as part of Neres, Patricia Fernandes, Fonseca-Genevois, Verônica Gomes Da, Torres, Rodrigo Augusto, Cavalcanti, Mariana Da Fonseca, Castro, Francisco José Victor De, Silva, Neyvan Renato Rodrigues Da, Rieger, Tania Tassinari & Decraemer, Wilfrida, 2010, Morphological and molecular taxonomy of a new Daptonema (Nematoda, Xyalidae) with comments on the systematics of some related taxa, pp. 1-15 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 158 (1) on page 9, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00528.x, http://zenodo.org/record/544771