EVALUASI KUALITAS AIR TANAH DARI SUMUR GALI AKIBAT KEGIATAN DOMESTIK DI KAMPUNG DARAULIN-DESA NANJUNG

Abstrak: Sungai Citarum memiliki tingkat pencemaran tinggi akibat banyaknya sampah, limbah domestik maupun limbah pabrik yang disalurkan ke badan air tersebut. Hal ini menyebabkan banjir di wilayah sepanjang Sungai Citarum salah satunya yaitu Kampung Daraulin di Desa Nanjung, Kecamatan Margaasih, Kabupaten Bandung. Untuk mencegah banjir pemerintah melakukan proyek normalisasi Sungai Citarum dengan mengeruk dan melebarkan sungai serta meluruskan bagian yang berkelok. Bagian tersebut ditutup. Masyarakat di sekitarnya khususnya penduduk di Kampung Daraulin memanfaatkan bagian tersebut sebagai tempat penampungan limbah domestik. Hal ini mengakibatkan turunnya kualitas air sungai tersebut yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas air tanah di sekitarnya. Penduduk Kampung Daraulin memanfaatkan sumur gali sebagai sumber air untuk kegiatan sehari-hari. Padatnya penduduk di Kampung Daraulin menyebabkan lokasi sumur gali dengan tangki septik sangat dekat. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah air tanah di Kampung Daraulin tercemar oleh limbah domestik. Penelitian ini diawali dengan inspeksi sanitasi melalui kuisioner dan dilanjutkan dengan pemeriksaan sampel air tanah di laboratorium. Pemeriksaan sampel air tanah ini dilakukan di beberapa titik sampling dengan menggunakan metode statistika Simple Random Sampling (SRS), meliputi analisa ammonium dengan metode nessler-spectrofotometri, nitrit dengan metode Reaksi Diazotasi-Spektrofotometri, nitrat dengan metode Brucin-Spectrofotometri, Fosfat dengan metode Stannous Chlorida-Spectrofotometri, dan analisa jumlah bakteri Escherichia Coli dilakukan dengan metode Jumlah Perkiraan Terdekat (JPT). Dari hasil pemeriksaan sampel air sumur gali di Kampung Daraulin diketahui bahwa beberapa sumur gali di Kampung Daraulin tercemar akibat limbah domestik.Kata kunci: Air Tanah, Limbah Domestik, Sumur Gali, Sungai dan Tangki Septik Abstract : Citarum River has a fairly high level of pollution because of domestic and industrial waste. The wastes are channeled to the river and that cause flooding in areas along the river. One of the areas frequently affected by floods is Daraulin Village in Nanjung, Kecamatan Margaasih, Kabupaten Bandung. To prevent flooding, the Government do a project for normalization of Citarum River. This project doing dredge, expand and extend the winding river. Part of  the winding river is closed, but the surrounding community, especially the residents of Daraulin Village, make a river as reservoir for the domestic waste water.  This cause reducting of the water river quality, which can also affect the quality of  groundwater. The residents in Daraulin Village use dug wells as a source of water for their daily activities. The densely populated village cause location between dug wells and septic tank is very close. The study was conducted to determine the groundwater in Daraulin Village polluted by the domestic waste water. The study began with the sanitary inspection with questionnaire and continued with the analysis in the laboratory. The sampling points is using statistical methods Simple Random Sampling (SRS). The laboratory analysis includes the analysis of ammonium with Nessler-spectrophotometry method, analyses nitrit by Diazotasi reaction-spectrophotometry, analyses nitrate by Brucin-Spectrofotometri, phosphate by stannous chloride-Spectrofotometri, and analysis Escherichia Coli by Most Probable Number (MPN). The results of water samples from dug wells in Daraulin village show that some of the dug wells are polluted by domestic waste..  Key words: Domestic Waste, Dug Well, Groundwater,  River and Septic Tan

RISK ASSESSMENT IN 13-STORY BUILDING PROJECTS WITH THE FAILURE MODE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS (FMEA) METHOD AND THE DOMINO EFFECT

The building construction project is one of the activities that can pose a safety risk. Work safety risk assessment can be done using the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method and looking at the Risk Priority Number (RPN) value. The purpose of this research is to take a case study of the building Office in determining the highest RPN and provide recommendations on its management. This project consists of 13 earthworks, passenger hoist, tower crane, scaffolding jobs, ironworks, formwork work, foundry work, mechanical, electrical plumbing (MEP) work, welding work, and floor wall doing works, and ceramic installation work. The highest RPN from the observations occurred in Iron Fabrication which can cause fingers hit by a bar cutter and bender. In this case, personal protective equipment (PPE) is significant in preventing these impacts from occurring in the project work area

RISK ASSESSMENT IN 13-STORY BUILDING PROJECTS WITH THE FAILURE MODE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS (FMEA) METHOD AND THE DOMINO EFFECT

The building construction project is one of the activities that can pose a safety risk. Work safety risk assessment can be done using the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method and looking at the Risk Priority Number (RPN) value. The purpose of this research is to take a case study of the building Office in determining the highest RPN and provide recommendations on its management. This project consists of 13 earthworks, passenger hoist, tower crane, scaffolding jobs, ironworks, formwork work, foundry work, mechanical, electrical plumbing (MEP) work, welding work, and floor wall doing works, and ceramic installation work. The highest RPN from the observations occurred in Iron Fabrication which can cause fingers hit by a bar cutter and bender. In this case, personal protective equipment (PPE) is significant in preventing these impacts from occurring in the project work area

Planning Advanced Treatment of Tap Water Consumption in Universitas Pertamina

Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) di kawasan Universitas Pertamina beroperasi sudah sangat baik. Adanya program green campus dengan indikator daur ulang air limbah menjadi salah satu tantangan dalam meningkatkan kualitas effluent WWTP tersebut dengan menambahkan unit advanced treatment. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah untuk merancang unit-unit pengolahan advanced dan perkiraan hasil effluent dan biaya yang dibutuhkan. Studi ini dilakukan dengan melakukan survey lapangan, pengambilan data kualitas air, dan studi literatur. Dengan debit (Qpeak) perencanaan 8,45 m3/jam, luas lahan yang dibutuhkan untuk penambahan advanced treatment adalah 105,85 m2. Advanced treatment terdiri dari 1 unit bak ekualisasi, 2 unit saringan pasir lambat, 1 unit bak pencuci pasir, 2 unit membran mikrofiltrasi, 1 unit proses desinfeksi, dan 2 unit reservoir. Dengan adanya unit-unit tersebut diharapkan kualitas effluent memenuhi standard kualitas air minum dengan nilai TSS 0 mg/L, Amonia (NH3-N) 0,35 mg/L, Zat Organik (KmnO4) 0,513 mg/L, Zat Terlarut (TDS) 23 mg/L, dan Total Koliform 0/100 ml sampel. Total biaya yang dibutuhkan untuk membangun advance treatment untuk konsumsi air keran adalah Rp 374.727.334. The wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Universitas Pertamina’s area is operating very well. The existence of a green campus program with a wastewater recycling indicator has become one of the challenges. Improving the WWTP effluent quality by adding an advanced treatment unit. This study aims to design advanced processing units and estimate the effluent yields and required costs. This study was conducted by conducting a field survey, collecting water quality data, and literature study. With planning discharge (Qpeak) of 8.45 m3/hour, the land area required for the addition of advanced treatment is 105.85 m2. Advanced treatment consists of 1 unit of Equalization Tank, 2 units of slow sand filter, 1 unit of sand washer, 2 units of microfiltration membrane, 1 disinfection body, and 2 reservoir units. These units it is expected to make effluent quality meets the drinking water quality standards with a TSS value of 0 mg/L, Ammonia (NH3-N) 0.35 mg/L, Organic Substances (KmnO4) 0.513 mg/L, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) 23 mg/L, and Total Coliform 0 Total/100 ml of sample. The total cost needed to build an advance treatment for tap water consumption is Rp 374,727,334

Hazardous Waste Generation and Composition From Electric Train Activities

Transportation is one of the human needs in a big city like Jakarta. Currently, the implementation of public transportation is being scaled up to reduce vehicle emissions, especially those fueled by oil. One public transportation activity is electric trains that produce hazardous solid waste. This study aims to identify the generation and composition of hazardous waste from electric train transportation activities in Jakarta. This study uses quarterly secondary data from July 2019 to March 2020. The composition of hazardous waste is calculated based on the w/w weight ratio, then looks at the effect of time and phase of each time hazardous waste generation from electric train activities. The composition of the largest hazardous waste is contaminated packaging, scrap-contaminated, and contaminated waste is 28.14%; 23.34%; and 10.72%, respectively. The lowest hazardous waste generated is used lamps at 0.10%. Hazardous waste arises from activities that contaminate to produce hazardous or toxic properties. Based on the phase, solid hazardous waste is 96%, and liquid is 4%. The analysis of the variance test showed no significant difference in terms of time (sig. 0.679) and phase (sig. 0.534). Therefore, the data used show no difference in hazardous waste generated by time or phase

Domestic Wastewater Disinfection Planning for Constructed Wetland Treatment Effluent

Excessive water consumption to meet water needs has changed aquatic water quality and quantity. Focus on domestic wastewater treatment via built wetlands. Disinfection protects humans against disease-causing viruses, bacteria, and protozoan parasites in wastewater. This study planned the disinfection of artificial wetland wastewater to fulfill microbiological criteria. From the examined data, each unit's design criteria and disinfection effectiveness for the created wetland outlet in the WWTP unit will be discussed. The created wetland must process 8696 cfu/100mL of fecal coliform. Despite good processing efficiency, 94% of fecal coliforms do not fulfill quality criteria. WWTP's wetland emits 8.011 mg/L of Ammonia. 90% chlorine costs Rp. 35,000/kg on the market. Total disinfection costs are rough Rp. 1,018,210.73. Water quality, lamp output power, and exposure distance affect lamp intensity. The lamp's electric power controls the beam's intensity; the more power, the more emission. The emitted power isn't equal to the lamp's electric power. According to the state electricity provider, families with a 900VA power limit will pay Rp. 1,352/kWh in July-September 2021. Nine 30-W bulbs irradiate bacteria. The lights will run for 24 hours non-stop. Hence the monthly electricity usage is 194.4 kWh or Rp 262.829.00