Green Innovation for SMEs in Indonesia – A Literature Analysis

Improving the performance of small and medium enterprises (SME) means enhancing the economics of a nation, considering that SMEs are the biggest part in global economic activities. The higher the SME’s activities, the higher the economic growth occurs in a country. However, nurturing SMEs activities affect the environment, while the damage inclines every day in a worrying level. There is a huge demand to suppress down the environmental damage rate globally, as if it causes a contradictive goal with the economic perspective. Thus, a compromise should be made between both expectations, even it is not easy to do so. Answering to the problem, discussions have been made among scholars around the world, including in Indonesia as an emerging country. Theories and methods were proposed, varying based on characteristics in each region. Especially in Indonesia, there is a lack of literature review on this field, which is actually required to depict the current condition, to evaluate the discussion effectiveness and to develop future improvements. Therefore, this article aims to fill this gap by presenting scientific articles related to the topic and reviewing the discussion. Subsequently, a classification of the articles based on identified themes is conducted. And further the classification is used to see more specific gaps in the discussion and to provide recommendation for the next studies

Comparison of SVM & Naïve Bayes Methods in Sentiment Analysis of Electric Vehicle Subsidy Policy Based on X Data

The policy of subsidizing electric vehicles has become a widely discussed issue on social media platform X. The provision of electric vehicle subsidies by the Indonesian government aims to stimulate higher adoption of electric vehicles, with the overarching goal of mitigating air pollution. However, the presence of electric vehicle subsidies continues to elicit both support and opposition among the public. On social media platform X, there is a wealth of data suitable for text mining, particularly concerning the current hot topic of electric vehicle subsidies. This research aims to compare the performance of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Naïve Bayes methods in conducting sentiment analysis on discussions related to the electric vehicle subsidy policy on social media platform X. The testing technique involves using 20% of the total dataset, comprising 5553 data points, and employing 10-fold cross-validation. The results from the 20% test data indicate that the Support Vector Machine (SVM) method's confusion matrix performance is superior, with the highest values achieved using the RBF kernel: accuracy 83.02%, precision 84.61%, and recall 83.02%. In the performance evaluation testing with 10-fold cross-validation, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) method outperforms, especially with the RBF kernel, yielding an average accuracy of 82.88% over 10 iterations

Design Of A Security System Tool For Tapis Fabric Object In Lampung Museum Based On Internet Of Things (IoT) Technology

The Lampung Museum has many historical collections, one of which is tapis cloth. The tapis cloth collection at the Lampung Museum is still not safe because the layout is still open and the distance is far from CCTV. This study aims to design a series of security systems using two Passive Infra Red (PIR) sensor inputs and a buzzer output and a VC0706 camera at the Lampung Museum which can be monitored directly remotely with notifications on the Telegram platform. The research method used is design and testing (subsystem testing and overall system testing). The data from this research are the results of system design, how the security system works on filter cloth objects and the overall system. The security system was tested using Telkomsel, Indosat and Tri providers. The results obtained for image quality 640 x 480 Pixels obtained an average delivery time from Telkomsel providers for 25.2 seconds, providers for Indosat 27.4 seconds and Tri providers for 28.6 seconds. then an experiment was carried out with 3 different image qualities, namely 640 x 480 Pixels, 320 x 240 Pixels and 160 x 120 Pixels with Telkomsel provider with an average sending value for image quality 640 x480 Pixels for 25.2 seconds, image quality 320 x 240 Pixels for 20.5 seconds and 160 x 120 Pixel image quality for 17.7 seconds. Then testing sending Telegram notifications remotely from a security system tool and obtained that the time sent notifications from the Arduino IDE serial monitor is the same as the time received notifications on the Telegram platform, which means sending notifications takes place in real time. The Lampung Museum has many historical collections, one of which is tapis cloth. The tapis cloth collection at the Lampung Museum is still not safe because the layout is still open and the distance is far from CCTV. This study aims to design a series of security systems using two Passive Infra Red (PIR) sensor inputs and a buzzer output and a VC0706 camera at the Lampung Museum which can be monitored directly remotely with notifications on the Telegram platform. The research method used is design and testing (subsystem testing and overall system testing). The data from this research are the results of system design, how the security system works on filter cloth objects and the overall system. The security system was tested using Telkomsel, Indosat and Tri providers. The results obtained for image quality 640 x 480 Pixels obtained an average delivery time from Telkomsel providers for 25.2 seconds, providers for Indosat 27.4 seconds and Tri providers for 28.6 seconds. then an experiment was carried out with 3 different image qualities, namely 640 x 480 Pixels, 320 x 240 Pixels and 160 x 120 Pixels with Telkomsel provider with an average sending value for image quality 640 x480 Pixels for 25.2 seconds, image quality 320 x 240 Pixels for 20.5 seconds and 160 x 120 Pixel image quality for 17.7 seconds. Then testing sending Telegram notifications remotely from a security system tool and obtained that the time sent notifications from the Arduino IDE serial monitor is the same as the time received notifications on the Telegram platform, which means sending notifications takes place in real time

Review: The Use of Eco-Enzymes in Greywater Treatment

Water pollution such as in rivers has become a concern due to its impact on health and the decreasing availability of clean water. There is a common assumption that industrial pollution is the main cause of water pollution. However, an interesting fact is that river pollution is largely dominated by contamination from household wastewater (domestic waste) discharged directly into drainage systems and ending up in rivers without prior treatment. Such cases are particularly prevalent in developing countries. Therefore, the challenge is to find solutions to treat domestic wastewater using simpler and cheaper technologies. Current research is focused on treating domestic wastewater especially greywater with eco-enzymes. Eco-enzymes are enzymes produced from the fermentation process of organic materials such as fruit peels or vegetable scraps for a minimum of three months. This paper will review the treatment of greywater using eco-enzymes, including the eco-enzyme production process, its characteristics, greywater characteristics, the methods employed, and the research findings. Finally, the paper will recommend possible avenues for further research related to the treatment of greywater using eco-enzyme

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The Effect of Chamfer Angle Variations on the Quality of Friction Welding Results of AZ-31B Magnesium

Friction welding is one of the solid-state welding types. Friction welding is a joining process whose application melts the material itself by using the heat generated between the surfaces through a combination of rotational motion and the application of compressive loads. The use of magnesium alloys is widely used in various industrial fields, examples of magnesium alloy applications include coating materials from iron and steel as a means of protecting against corrosion. The use of AZ-31B series magnesium alloys has a high specific strength compared to other series such as AM. The purpose of this final project research is to determine the effect of the addition of chamfer angle on the tensile strength value and microstructure of AZ-31B magnesium friction welding results. From this research, the results obtained in tensile testing are that the addition of the chamfer angle to the surface of the weld specimen will increase the tensile strength value. The highest maximum stress value was obtained in the chamfer angle variation of 300 with an average of 228.525 MPa and the lowest maximum stress value was in the material that did not use the chamfer angle variation with an average of 105.722 MPa. Based on microstructure testing, it shows differences in ?- Mg and ?-Mg phase grains17 Al12 in each region, this is influenced by heat and also the melting generated from welding so that it changes its microstructure

Structural Geology Identification based on Derivative Analysis Gravity Data in Tangkuban Perahu Mountain

The earth is composed of structures with different rock types, properties, and characteristics and can be known by applying the laws of physics in the form of geophysical methods such as the gravity method. The gravity method is a passive geophysical method that is widely used for geodynamic and exploration studies in estimating fault structures. The aim of this research is to model the subsurface geological structure based on the results of derivative analysis of gravity data related to geothermal prospects. The data used are GGMplus gravity acceleration data and topography (elevation) from each measurement point, totaling 6889. The data was then subjected to several corrections to produce a complete Bouguer anomaly. Then, the next stage is derivative analysis, which is used to obtain a subsurface geological structure model and geothermal prospects for the Tangkuban Perahu area. Based on the correlation between derivative analysis and two-dimensional modeling results, it can be seen that the Tangkuban Perahu geothermal system is controlled by structures in the form of horsts and grabens formed due to Tangkuban Perahu volcanic activity. The Tangkuban Perahu geothermal reservoir prospect is estimated to be at a depth of around 0.6 km – 2.8 km with a density ranging from 2.15 g/cc to 2.45 g/cc, which is estimated to be basalt breccia

Analysis the Effect of Different Surface Preparation Methods on Corrosion Resistance and Adhesion Strength of ASTM A36 Steel Substrate with Surface Tolerant Epoxy Paint as Coating Material

In the industrial world, to extend the service life of materials, protection methods are carried out to slow down the material's corrosion rate. The protection method that is often used is the coating method. The coating method is a protection method by coating the substrate material using a coating material to prevent contact between the substrate material and the environment. In this research, the substrate material used is ASTM A36 steel and the coating material used is Surface Tolerant Epoxy paint. The independent variable used in this study lies in the surface preparation method which consists of: solvent cleaning, hand tool cleaning, power tool cleaning, power tool to bare metal cleaning, and abrasive blast cleaning. Different preparation methods result in different roughness and cleanliness of the surface. This can affect changes in the mechanical properties of the coating material, such as corrosion resistance and adhesion strength. Based on the corrosion resistance test, it is found that the  abrasive blast cleaning and power tool to bare metal cleaning methods produce the highest corrosion resistance properties because both have a rating number of 8 in the salt spray test results. Based on the adhesion strength test, it is found that the abrasive blast cleaning method also produces the highest adhesion strength. This conclusion refers to the results of the tape x-cut test where the sample produces a rating number 5A where the sample does not experience peeling after testing. In addition, the abrasive blast cleaning method produced the highest adhesion strength in the pull-off test, which was 7.16 Mpa. Thus, the abrasive blast cleaning method is the most effective surface preparation method for ASTM A36 steel before being coated with the coating material. In addition, it can also be concluded that the higher the surface roughness of the sample, the better the corrosion resistance and adhesion strength

The Performance Comparison of Battery Charging Using MPPT and PWM Controllers on Amorphous Solar Panel-Based E-Scooters

Solar Panel-Based Electric Scooter (E-Scooter) is an electric vehicle in the form of a scooter that uses solar panels as a source of electrical energy for charging batteries and a BLDC motor as a wheel drive. With the development of the E-Scooter, it is necessary to know how to charge the battery. The purpose of this research is to determine the type of Solar Charge Controller (SCC) that can maximize battery charging on the E-Scooter. The research method is to compare SCC MPPT and SCC PWM. The research was conducted by monitoring the output current and voltage of the solar charger controller generated by the solar panels every 10 minutes. After that the recorded data will be stored in the monitoring device's storage memory for further processing. The results of the data that have been obtained on the e-scooter using the SCC MPPT type are capable of producing a power of 9.05 W with a current value of 0.33 A and a voltage of 27.47 V. Meanwhile, the PWM type SCC is capable of producing 8.22 W of power with a current value of 0.30 A and a voltage of 27.42 V. So that the MPPT type SCC is more economical than PWM for charging when the e-scooter is not moving. For the running conditions of the MPPT type SCC e-scooter is capable of producing 7.36 W of power with a current value of 0.27 A and a voltage of 27.26 V. Meanwhile, the PWM type SCC is capable of producing a current of 6.81 W with a value of 0.25 A and a voltage 27.24 V. So that the MPPT type SCC is more efficient than PWM for charging when the e-scooter is running

Sustainable Drainage System Analysis In The Institut Teknologi Sumatera (ITERA)

The Institut Teknologi Sumatera is a new university that still requires planning and infrastructure development, one of the development needed is the construction of a drainage system, namely a sustainable drainage system that adheres to the concept of water conservation. The purpose of this research is to analyze topographic conditions, as well as the performance of the existing drainage system in ITERA and to develop recommendations for a sustainable drainage system. In this study, several stages were carried out, first analyzing the topographical conditions in ITERA. The second is to analyze the existing drainage capacity, which is to compare the existing drainage capacity to the runoff that occurs when it rains. The calculation of runoff discharge is obtained from hydrological analysis of rainfall data using the annual maximum partial series method. Third, synthesizing the connectivity between drainage segments to the reservoirs in ITERA.   The results of several analyzes above show that, firstly, the topography in ITERA is relatively flat with the most dominant elevations being 85 - 100 m and 100 - 105 m. Second, the calculation results show that the existing drainage capacity is still able to accommodate the runoff that occurs. So for now it is still safe against inundation and flooding. Third, the results show that there are several existing drainages that have not been connected to other drainage segments and water does not run off to the designated place as a reservoir, namely the reservoir.   &nbsp