7,334 research outputs found
Marriage Matters: Spousal Similarity in Life Satisfaction
Examined the concurrent and cross-lagged spousal similarity in life satisfaction over a 21-year period. Analyses were based on married couples (N = 847) in the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP). Concurrent spousal similarity was considerably higher than one-year retest similarity, revealing spousal similarity in the variable component of life satisfac-tion. Spousal similarity systematically decreased with length of retest interval, revealing simi-larity in the changing component of life satisfaction. Finally, there was considerable spousal similarity in the stable component of life satisfaction over 20-years. The implications of these findings for causal theories of life satisfaction and studies in line with behavioural genetics are discussedSubjective Well Being, Life Satisfaction, Marriage, Couples, Spousal Similarity, Heritability, Assortative Mating, Longitudinal Panel, SOEP
Temperature dependence of spin resonance in cobalt substituted NiZnCu ferrites
Cobalt substitutions were investigated in Ni0.4Zn0.4Cu0.2Fe2O4 ferrites,
initial complex permeability was then measured from 1 MHz to 1 GHz. It appears
that cobalt substitution led to a decrease in the permeability and an increase
in the \mus\timesfr factor. As well, it gave to the permeability spectrum a
sharp resonance character. We also observed a spin reorientation occurring at a
temperature depending on the cobalt content. Study of the complex permeability
versus temperature highlighted that the most resonant character was obtained at
this temperature. This shows that cobalt contribution to second order
magnetocrystalline anisotropy plays a leading role at this temperature
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Polymer Matrix Nanocomposites by Inkjet Printing
This paper describes work on a continuing project to form functional composites that contain
ceramic nanoparticles using a Solid Freeform Fabrication (SFF) inkjet printing method. The process
involves inkjet deposition of monomer/particle suspensions in layers followed by curing each layer in
sequence using UV radiation. The reactive monomer is hexanediol-diacrylate (HDODA); the polymer
forming reaction proceeds by a free radical mechanism. The liquid monomer containing nanoparticles
is essentially a printing ink formulation. Successfully suspending the particles in the monomer is
critical. We have developed a surface treatment method for forming stable suspensions of the
nanoparticles so that they remain discrete throughout the processing sequence.
The SFF process involves careful control of the polymer cure so that the interface between layers
is seamless and residual stresses in the composites are eliminated. An immediate use for such
composites is in optical applications as gradient refractive index lenses (GRIN). GRIN lenses have
planar surfaces, eliminating the need for costly grinding and polishing. The planar surfaces also
eliminate optical aberrations that result at the edges of spherical lenses and diminish the accuracy of
focus.
If the appropriate nanoparticles are fully dispersed they will modify the polymer's refractive index
without interfering with light transmission. The effect is additive with volume concentration. Using
'inks' of different compositions in a multiple nozzle inkjet printer allows the formation of composites
with precise composition gradients. Since an object is built one planar layer at a time, changes can be
made readily both within each layer and from layer to layer. Inkjet printing with picoliter resolution is
ideal for this task.
Working with SiC nanoparticles in HDODA as a model system for demonstrating the inkjet
deposition process, nanocomposite films with a linear concentration gradient varying from 0 to 4.5%
(wt) were fabricated on Silicon wafers. These composites are 30 layer films, which total 140µm in
thickness. Each layer in the composite is about 5 µm in thickness. Analytical methods for
characterizing the dispersion of the nanoparticles in the composite and some of the salient optical
properties of the composites also were established. The status of the program is reviewed in this
paper.Mechanical Engineerin
Temperature dependence of core loss in cobalt substituted Ni-Zn-Cu ferrites
The temperature dependence of core loss in cobalt substituted Ni-Zn-Cu
ferrites was investigated. Co2+ ions are known to lead to a compensation of the
magneto-crystalline anisotropy in Ni-Zn ferrites, at a temperature depending on
the cobalt content and the Ni/Zn ratio. We observed similar behaviour in
Ni-Zn-Cu and it was found that the core loss goes through a minimum around this
magneto-crystalline anisotropy compensation. Moreover, the anisotropy induced
by the cobalt allowed a strong decrease of core loss, a ferrite having a core
loss of 350 mW/cm3 at 80 ^\circ C was then developed (measured at 1.5 MHz and
25 mT). This result represents an improvement of a factor 4 compared to the
state of art Ni-Zn ferrites
Do people really adapt to marriage?
Although cross-sectional studies have shown a reliable association between marital status and subjective well-being, a recent longitudinal study (Lucas, Clark, Georgellis, & Diener, 2003) found no support for the idea that happiness increases after marriage. Instead, participants who got married reported short-term increases followed by complete adaptation back to baseline levels of well-being. However, researchers have criticized this study on two grounds. First, these results contradict cohort-based analyses from a nationally representative sample. Second, these analyses do not control for pre-marriage cohabitation, which could potentially inflate baseline levels of well-being. The original data (plus four additional waves) are reanalyzed to address these concerns. Results confirm that individuals do not get a lasting boost in life satisfaction following marriage.life satisfaction anticipation ; habituation ; marriage ; cohabitation
The Dispersal of Protoplanetary Disks
Protoplanetary disks are the sites of planet formation, and the evolution and
eventual dispersal of these disks strongly influences the formation of
planetary systems. Disk evolution during the planet-forming epoch is driven by
accretion and mass-loss due to winds, and in typical environments
photoevaporation by high-energy radiation from the central star is likely to
dominate final gas disk dispersal. We present a critical review of current
theoretical models, and discuss the observations that are used to test these
models and inform our understanding of the underlying physics. We also discuss
the role disk dispersal plays in shaping planetary systems, considering its
influence on both the process(es) of planet formation and the architectures of
planetary systems. We conclude by presenting a schematic picture of
protoplanetary disk evolution and dispersal, and discussing prospects for
future work.Comment: 23 pages, 6 figures. Refereed review chapter, accepted for
publication in Protostars & Planets VI, University of Arizona Press (2014),
eds. H.Beuther, C.Dullemond, Th.Henning, R.Klesse
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