19,915 research outputs found
Revisiting the Rice Theorem of Cellular Automata
A cellular automaton is a parallel synchronous computing model, which
consists in a juxtaposition of finite automata whose state evolves according to
that of their neighbors. It induces a dynamical system on the set of
configurations, i.e. the infinite sequences of cell states. The limit set of
the cellular automaton is the set of configurations which can be reached
arbitrarily late in the evolution.
In this paper, we prove that all properties of limit sets of cellular
automata with binary-state cells are undecidable, except surjectivity. This is
a refinement of the classical "Rice Theorem" that Kari proved on cellular
automata with arbitrary state sets.Comment: 12 pages conference STACS'1
Fredholm realizations of elliptic symbols on manifolds with boundary II: fibered boundary
We consider two calculi of pseudodifferential operators on manifolds with
fibered boundary: Mazzeo's edge calculus, which has as local model the
operators associated to products of closed manifolds with asymptotically
hyperbolic spaces, and the phi calculus of Mazzeo and the second author, which
is similarly modeled on products of closed manifolds with asymptotically
Euclidean spaces. We construct an adiabatic calculus of operators interpolating
between them, and use this to compute the `smooth' K-theory groups of the edge
calculus, determine the existence of Fredholm quantizations of elliptic
symbols, and establish a families index theorem in K-theory
Business cycles, economic crises, and the poor : testing for asymmetric effects
The author examines whether output contraction associated with cyclical output fluctuations and economic crises have an asymmetric effect on poverty. He identifies four potential sources of asymmetry: expectations and cofident factors, credit rationing at the firm level (induced by either adeverse selection problems or negative shocks to net worth), borrowing constraints at the household level, and the"labor hoarding"hypothesis. He also identifies some testable implications of these alternative explanations. The author then proposes a vector autoregression technique (involving the detrended components of real output, the unemployment rate, real wages, and the poverty rate) to test whether the initial cyclical position of the economy, and the size of the initial drop in the output gap in a downturn, matter in assessing the extent to which output shocks affect poverty. He applies the technique to Brazil, using annual data for 1981-99. The results indicate that poverty responds asymmetrically to output shocks, showing less sensitivity when the economy is initially in a downturn.Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Labor Policies,Health Economics&Finance,Public Health Promotion,Environmental Economics&Policies,Economic Theory&Research,Health Economics&Finance,Achieving Shared Growth,Health Monitoring&Evaluation
Trapping effects on the vibration-inversion-rotation motions of an ammonia molecule encapsulated in C fullerene molecule
The infrared bar-spectrum of a single ammonia molecule encapsulated in
nano-cage C fullerene molecule is modelled using the site inclusion
model successfully applied to analyze spectra of CO isotopologues isolated
in rare gas matrix. Calculations show that NH can rotate freely on a sphere
of radius 0.184 around the site centre of the nano-cage and spin
freely about its C symmetry axis. In the static field inside the cage
degenerate and vibrational modes are blue shifted and split.
When dynamic coupling with translational motion is considered, the spectral
signature of the mode is modified with a higher hindering barrier (2451
cm), an effective reduced mass (6.569 g.mol) and a longer
tunneling time (55594 ps) for the fundamental level compared to gas-phase
values (2047 cm), (2.563 g.mol) and (20.85 ps). As a result this
mode is red shifted. Moreover, simulation shows that the changes in the
bar-spectrum of the latter mode can be used to probe the temperature of the
surrounding media in which fullerene is observed
Van't Hoff law for temperature dependent Langmuir constants in clathrate hydrate nanocavities
This work gives a van't Hoff law expression of Langmuir constants of
different species for determining their occupancy in the nanocavities of
clathrate hydrates. The van't Hoff law's parameters are derived from a fit with
Langmuir constants calculated using a pairwise site-site interaction potential
to model the anisotropic potential environment in the cavities, as a function
of temperature. The parameters can be used for calculating clathrates
compositions. Results are given for nineteen gas species trapped in the small
and large cavities of structure types I and II [1]. The accuracy of this
approach is based on a comparison with available experimental data for ethane
and cyclo- propane clathrate hydrates. The numerical method applied in this
work, was recently validated from a comparison with the spherical cell method
based on analytical considerations [1]Comment: 2 figure
Computing the Two-Sided Kolmogorov-Smirnov Distribution
We propose an algorithm to compute the cumulative distribution function of the two-sided Kolmogorov-Smirnov test statistic D_n and its complementary distribution in a fast and reliable way. Different approximations are used in different regions of n, x. Java and C programs are available.
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