El uso de platos trampa y red entomológica en la captura de abejas nativas en el estado de Nuevo León, México

Se realizó un estudio faunístico de abejas nativas en el estado de Nuevo León utilizando los métodos de platos trampa y red entomológica. Se recolectaron 3,952 ejemplares pertenecientes a cinco familias, 47 géneros y 191 especies que al sumar aquellas encontradas en literatura y bases de datos de colecciones revisadas el número se elevó a 317 especies. Se capturaron 73 especies únicamente en platos trampa, 68 exclusivamente con la red entomológica y 48 coincidiendo en ambos métodos. Se reportan por primera vez para el estado 7 géneros y 32 especies. En los platos trampa se colectó una mayor abundancia y riqueza de especies; mientras que la mayor diversidad se observó con el método de la red entomológica. De los platos trampa, el color amarillo capturó la mayor abundancia, riqueza y diversidad de abejas siendo la familia Halictidae la mejor representada. Durante el muestreo con red entomológica se identificaron 21 familias de plantas visitadas por abejas, entre las que destacan por la abundancia de éstas Scrophulariaceae, Asteraceae y Fabaceae; mientras que de la que se obtuvo mayor diversidad fue de Asteraceae. Se discute sobre el número de especies recolectadas y los resultados de la curva de acumulación, así como de los métodos de colecta empleados

Towards precision medicine: defining and characterizing adipose tissue dysfunction to identify early immunometabolic risk in symptom-free adults from the GEMM family study

Interactions between macrophages and adipocytes are early molecular factors influencing adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction, resulting in high leptin, low adiponectin circulating levels and low-grade metaflammation, leading to insulin resistance (IR) with increased cardiovascular risk. We report the characterization of AT dysfunction through measurements of the adiponectin/leptin ratio (ALR), the adipo-insulin resistance index (Adipo-IRi), fasting/postprandial (F/P) immunometabolic phenotyping and direct F/P differential gene expression in AT biopsies obtained from symptom-free adults from the GEMM family study. AT dysfunction was evaluated through associations of the ALR with F/P insulin-glucose axis, lipid-lipoprotein metabolism, and inflammatory markers. A relevant pattern of negative associations between decreased ALR and markers of systemic low-grade metaflammation, HOMA, and postprandial cardiovascular risk hyperinsulinemic, triglyceride and GLP-1 curves was found. We also analysed their plasma non-coding microRNAs and shotgun lipidomics profiles finding trends that may reflect a pattern of adipose tissue dysfunction in the fed and fasted state. Direct gene differential expression data showed initial patterns of AT molecular signatures of key immunometabolic genes involved in AT expansion, angiogenic remodelling and immune cell migration. These data reinforce the central, early role of AT dysfunction at the molecular and systemic level in the pathogenesis of IR and immunometabolic disorders

Revision of carpenter bees of the subgenus Neoxylocopa Michener (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from Mexico and Mesoamerica

Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., Hinojosa-Díaz, Ismael A., Ayala-Barajas, Ricardo, Pozo, Carmen, Vandame, Rémy (2022): Revision of carpenter bees of the subgenus Neoxylocopa Michener (Hymenoptera: Apidae) from Mexico and Mesoamerica. Zootaxa 5158 (1): 1-67, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5158.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5158.1.

Management practices and diversity of flower visitors and herbaceous plants in conventional and organic avocado orchards in Michoacán, Mexico

Despite alleged advantages of organic over conventional farming, management effects on biodiversity are still little known. We related the diversity of herbs and flower visitors to management indicators in avocado orchards and hypothesized that inputs, practices, and context influence diversity of herbs and flower visitors. Using basic classification units, matrix correlation, and multivariate analysis of variance, we found that low-toxicity insecticides, infrequent herb cutting, and presence of forest areas were related to high biodiversity. Intensification of agricultural management reduced biodiversity both in organic and conventional management type. Our results advocate for an improved, integrative, management classification considering intensification and ecological context, besides input-type criteria.Fil: Villamil, Laura. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; México. Corporación Universitaria de Santa Rosa de Cabal; ColombiaFil: Astier, Marta. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Merlín, Yair. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; México. Unidad San Cristóbal de las Casas; MéxicoFil: Ayala Barajas, Ricardo. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Ramírez García, Enrique. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Martínez Cruz, Juan. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Devoto, Mariano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Cátedra de Botánica General; ArgentinaFil: Gavito, Mayra E.. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Méxic

Deep Multi-OMICs and Multi-Tissue Characterization in a Pre- and Postprandial State in Human Volunteers: The GEMM Family Study Research Design

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are increasing worldwide. This is mainly due to an unhealthy nutrition, implying that variation in CVD risk may be due to variation in the capacity to manage a nutritional load. We examined the genomic basis of postprandial metabolism. Our main purpose was to introduce the GEMM Family Study (Genetics of Metabolic Diseases in Mexico) as a multi-center study carrying out an ongoing recruitment of healthy urban adults. Each participant received a mixed meal challenge and provided a 5-hours’ time course series of blood, buffy coat specimens for DNA isolation, and adipose tissue (ADT)/skeletal muscle (SKM) biopsies at fasting and 3 h after the meal. A comprehensive profiling, including metabolomic signatures in blood and transcriptomic and proteomic profiling in SKM and ADT, was performed to describe tendencies for variation in postprandial response. Our data generation methods showed preliminary trends indicating that by characterizing the dynamic properties of biomarkers with metabolic activity and analyzing multi-OMICS data it could be possible, with this methodology and research design, to identify early trends for molecular biology systems and genes involved in the fasted and fed states