Kontribusi Pendapatan Sektor Informal terhadap Pendapatan Rumah Tangga Petani di Desa Pinabetengan Utara Kecamatan Tompaso Barat

The same opportunity to work in the informal sector to encourage farmers to make the decision to allocate the available workforce to be more efficient than that of bulk farm working hours also had a busy time and leisure time. The increased revenue adds the satisfaction level through the increase of consumption and leisure time. This research is to determine the contribution of informal sector income on household income Pinabetengan farmers in the Northern District of West Tompaso. This research was conducted in the village of North Pinabetengan, in June 2015 through December 2015. The data used are primary and secondary data. Primary data is data taken with direct interviews to farmers who have jobs in the informal economy. Secondary data is data taken from North Pinabetengan village office. The analysis has used in this study are presented in tabular form. The main commodities of farmers in the village are corn, beans, peanuts, rice and vegetables and spices. Farm income of farmers is the smallest Rp 600,000 and Rp 9,800,000 the greatest. The informal sectors has done such as motorcycle taxi, buggy, stalls, food stalls, craftsmen, traders, tailors, pitchman, garage, laundry worker. The lowest Income informal sector is Rp 500,000 and the highest is Rp 2,400,000. Results of the analysis showed that the contribution of the informal sector to household income of farmers amounted to 41.10 % with an average farm income in rural sub-district Tompaso Pinabetengan north west Rp . 1,600,833 / month , the average income of informal sector Rp . 1.177 million / month . So that the average total income of Rp . 2717833

Efisiensi Pemasaran Bawang Merah di Desa Tonsewer Kecamatan Tompaso Barat Kabupaten Minahasa

The research result showed that there was 2 marketing channel of onion in Tonsewer village, Tompaso Barat Sub District, Minahasa Regency that are: (1) Channel 1 : Farmer→ Retailer→ Consumer, (2) Channel 2 : Farmer→ Collecting trader→ Retailer→ Consumer. The highest marketing margin was obtained by collecting trader that is Rp. 4.333,33 (Karombasan market), did the lowest is Rp. 2.333,33 (Tomohon market). While the highest marketing margin obtained by retailer that is Rp. 4.000,00 (Karombasan market) and the lowest is Rp. 2.333,33 (Langowan and Kawangkoan market). The highest profit margin is Rp. 3.924,48 (Karombasan market) and the lowest is Rp. 2.246,16 (Langowan and Kawangkoan market)

State of newborn care in South Sudan’s displacement camps: a descriptive study of facility-based deliveries

BACKGROUND: Approximately 2.7 million neonatal deaths occur annually, with highest rates of neonatal mortality in countries that have recently experienced conflict. Constant instability in South Sudan further strains a weakened health system and poses public health challenges during the neonatal period. We aimed to describe the state of newborn facility-level care in displaced person camps across Juba, Malakal, and Maban. METHODS: We conducted clinical observations of the labor and delivery period, exit interviews with recently delivered mothers, health facility assessments, and direct observations of midwife time-use. Study participants were mother-newborn pairs who sought services and birth attendants who provided delivery services between April and June 2016 in five health facilities. RESULTS: Facilities were found to be lacking the recommended medical supplies for essential newborn care. Two of the five facilities had skilled midwives working during all operating hours, with 6.2% of their time spent on postnatal care. Selected components of thermal care (62.5%), infection prevention (74.8%), and feeding support (63.6%) were commonly practiced, but postnatal monitoring (27.7%) was less consistently observed. Differences were found when comparing the primary care level to the hospital (thermal: relative risk [RR] 0.48 [95% CI] 0.40–0.58; infection: RR 1.28 [1.11–1.47]; feeding: RR 0.49 [0.40–0.58]; postnatal: RR 3.17 [2.01–5.00]). In the primary care level, relative to newborns delivered by traditional birth attendants, those delivered by skilled attendants were more likely to receive postnatal monitoring (RR 1.59 [1.09-2. 32]), but other practices were not statistically different. Mothers’ knowledge of danger signs was poor, with fever as the highest reported (44.8%) followed by not feeding well (41.0%), difficulty breathing (28.9%), reduced activity (27.7%), feeling cold (18.0%) and convulsions (11.2%). CONCLUSIONS: Addressing health service delivery in contexts affected by conflict is vital to reducing the global newborn mortality rate and reaching the Sustainable Development Goals. Gaps in intrapartum and postnatal care, particularly skilled care at birth, suggest a critical need to build the capacity of the existing health workforce while increasing access to skilled deliveries.IS

Incidence, Risk Factors, and Reasons for 30-Day Hospital Readmission Among Healthy Late Preterm Infants.

OBJECTIVE: Late preterm infants have an increased risk of morbidity relative to term infants. We sought to determine the rate, temporal trend, risk factors, and reasons for 30-day readmission. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study of infants born at 34 to 42 weeks' gestation in California between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2017. Birth certificates maintained by California Vital Statistics were linked to discharge records maintained by the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify risk factors and derive a predictive model. RESULTS: Late preterm infants represented 4.3% (n = 122 014) of the study cohort (n = 2 824 963), of which 5.9% (n = 7243) were readmitted within 30 days. Compared to term infants, late preterm infants had greater odds of readmission (odds ratio [OR]: 2.34 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.28-2.40]). The temporal trend indicated increases in all-cause and jaundice-specific readmission infants (P < .001). The common diagnoses at readmission were jaundice (58.9%), infections (10.8%), and respiratory complications (3.5%). In the adjusted model, factors that were associated with greater odds of readmission included assisted vaginal birth, maternal age ≥34 years, diabetes, chorioamnionitis, and primiparity. The model had predictive ability of 60% (c-statistic 0.603 [95% CI: 0.596-0.610]) in late preterm infants who had <5 days length of stay at birth. CONCLUSION: The findings contribute important information on what factors increase or decrease the risk of readmission. Longitudinal studies are needed to examine promising hospital predischarge and follow-up care practices

Predicting the risk of 7‐day readmission in late preterm infants in California: A population‐based cohort study

Abstract Background and aims The American Academy of Pediatrics describes late preterm infants, born at 34 to 36 completed weeks' gestation, as at‐risk for rehospitalization and severe morbidity as compared to term infants. While there are prediction models that focus on specific morbidities, there is limited research on risk prediction for early readmission in late preterm infants. The aim of this study is to derive and validate a model to predict 7‐day readmission. Methods This is a population‐based retrospective cohort study of liveborn infants in California between January 2007 to December 2011. Birth certificates, maintained by California Vital Statistics, were linked to a hospital discharge, emergency department, and ambulatory surgery records maintained by the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development. Random forest and logistic regression were used to identify maternal and infant variables of importance, test for association, and develop and validate a predictive model. The predictive model was evaluated for discrimination and calibration. Results We restricted the sample to healthy late preterm infants (n = 122,014), of which 4.1% were readmitted to hospital within 7‐day after birth discharge. The random forest model with 24 variables had better predictive ability than the 8 variable logistic model with c‐statistic of 0.644 (95% confidence interval 0.629, 0.659) in the validation data set and Brier score of 0.0408. The eight predictors of importance length of stay, delivery method, parity, gestational age, birthweight, race/ethnicity, phototherapy at birth hospitalization, and pre‐existing or gestational diabetes were used to drive individual risk scores. The risk stratification had the ability to identify an estimated 19% of infants at greatest risk of readmission. Conclusions Our 7‐day readmission predictive model had moderate performance in differentiating at risk late preterm infants. Future studies might benefit from inclusion of more variables and focus on hospital practices that minimize risk

Reporte PAP Servicios de Atención Clínica Interdisciplinaria primavera 2022

El Proyecto de Aplicación Profesional Atención Clínica Interdisciplinaria tiene sus orígenes en el PAP que desde hace más de 10 años está vinculado con el DIF Zapopan y que en un principio estaba más fundamentado en una base psicoanalítica. Actualmente, el proyecto se ofrece desde el Departamento de Psicología, Educación y Salud del ITESO con el objetivo de ofrecer servicios de atención y orientación profesional a los usuarios que la solicitan para encontrar respuesta a los diferentes motivos de consulta psicológica y nutricional que sean referidos. Como parte del contexto actual del COVID-19 y del retorno a la presencialidad que se ha suscitado desde agosto del 2021, el proyecto ha contribuido a ofrecer un espacio de atención en modalidad híbrida (presencial y en línea) a la salud integral de los usuarios de los diferentes escenarios. La concepción de interdisciplina atañe principalmente a las licenciaturas de Psicología, Nutrición y Derecho para que de manera coordinada se ofrezcan servicios que logren hacer un buen diagnóstico, planeación e intervención en problemáticas tales como la violencia de género, el maltrato infantil, la depresión, la ansiedad y el desarrollo de una vida saludable en los aspectos nutricionales, emocionales y de acceso a la justicia. En el presente documento se presentan los avances más significativos de los servicios de atención clínica que se ofrecen, así como de los productos que para cada escenario el proyecto desarrolló durante el periodo de primavera de 2022.ITESO, A.C