A sociedade em foco: globalização, questões políticas e desafios societais

"Revista comunicando, vol. 4, 2015"(Excertos) Com o intuito de se constituir como um amplo espaço de discussão das distintas abordagens teórico-metodológicas que versam sobre o campo das Ciências da Comunicação, o mais recente volume da revista Comunicando pretende focar o olhar sobre questões relacionadas com a comunicação e a sociedade. Intitulado “A Sociedade em foco: questões políticas e desafios societais”, o volume 4 da Comunicando oferece ao leitor artigos e ensaios de investigadores provenientes de prestigiadas Universidades nacionais e internacionais, tal como, de resto, sucedeu nas edições anteriores, cumprindo-se o objectivo da internacionalização como um marco importante da Comunicando. Uma vez mais, a revista do Grupo de Trabalho de Jovens Investigadores da Associação Portuguesa de Ciências da Comunicação recebeu um número considerável de trabalhos de elevado nível académico científico, sendo que todos os textos foram avaliados pelos membros do Conselho Editorial que colaboraram para que esta edição fosse possível

How Do We Like to Learn Qualitative Data Analysis Software?

The learning of Computer Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software (CAQDAS) can represent a great challenge and obstacle to the adoption of these tools in support of research. Thus, it seems imperative that CAQDAS developers devise strategies and tools that stimulate and support researchers in the learning process of their applications. To this end, this study focuses on the learning preferences of CAQDAS users. A focus group was conducted with experienced CAQDAS users and an online questionnaire was administered to 232 users from 29 different countries and representing a diversity of 26 CAQDAS. The obtained data allow to infer that the users privilege the learning in context of training, but, when it comes to self-learning, they tend to opt for interactive tools and to resort to tutorial videos. These results seem to indicate that users are looking for solutions that provide them with a learning experience that is more adapted to their style and in the shortest time possible

Evidence of the association between endodontic infections and heart diseases: a systematic review

Introduction: In the scenario of heart diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases (CVD), there are several predictors of these diseases, including diseases related to oral health. Objective: It was to analyze through clinical studies the association of diseases of the oral cavity with cardiovascular diseases, to point out the main causes and treatments for future clinical studies. Methods: The rules of the Systematic Review-PRISMA Platform were followed. The research was carried out from January 2022 to April 2022 and developed based on Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: In line with the objective proposed in the present study, the results concluded that the association between chronic endodontic infection and CVD cannot be disregarded, although it is of limited quality evidence at the moment. Thus, clinical studies observed that the risk of diagnosing CVD in patients with chronic endodontic infection was 1.38 times those without infection. Furthermore, early childhood caries showed that the microbiome profile composed of Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Capnocytophaga, and Oribacterium were more abundant in the group with congenital heart disease than in the group without congenital heart disease. Also, the greater number of missing teeth was associated with an increased risk of a first acute myocardial infarction, and endodontic inflammatory disease may contribute as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases

Learn for Yourself: The Self-Learning Tools for Qualitative Analysis Software Packages

Computer Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software (CAQDAS) are tools that help researchers to develop qualitative research projects. These software packages help the users with tasks such as transcription analysis, coding and text interpretation, writing and annotation, content search and analysis, recursive abstraction, grounded theory methodology, discourse analysis, data mapping, among several other types of analysis. This paper analyses the new paradigm of self-learning that presents itself increasingly as a competence to support learning in a proactive way. It further analyses education and CAQDAS with emphasis on the use of CAQDAS in educational research and the self-learning of CAQDAS. The study conducted had two main goals: analyse the self-learning tools of CAQDAS and identify CAQDAS's users profile regarding learning. Six software packages were selected: NVivo, Atlas.ti, Dedoose, webQDA, MAXQDA, and QDA Miner. They were then reviewed, taking into account their transversality, language, (self-learning) tools, among several other factors. The results show that there is a considerable demand for information from users regarding the execution of processes in CAQDAS, and that the packages analysed do not guide the user towards the self-learning tools that best fit their learning style

Os desafios da investigação em Ciências da Comunicação: debates e perspetivas de futuro

"Revista comunicando, vol. 3, 2014"(Excerto) É com grande prazer que anunciamos mais uma edição da Revista Comunicando, revista científica do Grupo de Trabalho de Jovens Investigadores da Associação Portuguesa de Ciências da Comunicação (SOPCOM). Neste terceiro número, dedicado ao tema “Os desafios da investigação em Ciências da Comunicação: debates e perspetivas de futuro”, o leitor tem à sua disposição artigos e ensaios escritos por investigadores de várias Universidades e Centros de Investigação de excelência. Como resultado da chamada de trabalhos, a Comunicando recebeu uma quantidade assinalável de artigos de elevado nível académico e científico. Todos os textos foram avaliados pelos professores que compõem o Conselho Editorial de forma rigorosa, segundo critérios de referencial teórico apropriado, metodologia, adequação ao tema e originalidade. Tendo em conta os pareceres do Conselho Editorial, foram selecionados os artigos que obtiveram as melhores classificações, compondo um interessante catálogo de temas sobre o estado da arte, a atualidade e o futuro das Ciências da Comunicação

Associação entre o Perfil Hemodinâmico da Insuficiência Cardíaca à Admissão Hospitalar e Mortalidade - Programa Boas Práticas Clínicas em Cardiologia

Resumo Fundamento: A insuficiência cardíaca (IC) é responsável por alta carga de internações hospitalares. A sua forma de apresentação está relacionada ao prognóstico da doença. Objetivos: Descrever a associação entre o perfil hemodinâmico de admissão hospitalar na IC aguda, baseado em congestão (úmido ou seco) e perfusão (frio ou quente), e desfechos de mortalidade, tempo de internação e chance de reinternação. Métodos: Estudo de coorte, envolvendo pacientes do projeto "Boas Práticas Clínicas em Cardiologia", internados por IC aguda em hospitais públicos brasileiros, entre março de 2016 a dezembro de 2019, com seguimento de seis meses. Foram realizadas análises das características populacionais e do perfil hemodinâmico de admissão, além de análises de sobrevivência pelos modelos de Cox para associação entre o perfil de admissão e mortalidade, e regressão logística para chance de reinternação, considerando nível de significância estatística de 5%. Resultados: Foram avaliados 1978 pacientes, com idade média foi 60,2 (±14,8) anos e fração de ejeção média do ventrículo esquerdo de 39,8% (±17,3%). Houve altas taxas de mortalidade no seguimento de seis meses (22%), com associação entre os perfis hemodinâmicos frios e a mortalidade hospitalar (HR=1,72; IC95% 1,27-2,31; p < 0,001) e em 6 meses (HR= 1,61, IC 95% 1,29-2,02). A taxa de reinternação em 6 meses foi de 22%, sendo maior para os pacientes admitidos em perfis úmidos (OR 2,30; IC95% 1,45-3,65; p < 0,001). Conclusões: A IC aguda no Brasil apresenta altas taxas de mortalidade e reinternações e os perfis hemodinâmicos de admissão hospitalar são bons marcadores prognósticos dessa evolução

Learn by yourself: The Self-Learning Tools for Qualitative Analysis Software Packages

Computer Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software (CAQDAS) are tools that help researchers to develop qualitative research projects. These software packages help the users with tasks such as transcription analysis, coding and text interpretation, writing and annotation, content search and analysis, recursive abstraction, grounded theory methodology, discourse analysis, data mapping, and several other types of analysis. This paper focus the new paradigm of self-learning, that presents itself increasingly as a competence to support learning in a proactive way. It further analyses education and CAQDAS with emphasis on the use of CAQDAS in educational research and the self-learning of CAQDAS. The study conducted had two main goals: (1) analyse the self-learning tools of CAQDAS and (2) identify CAQDAS's users learning profile. Six software packages were selected: NVivo, Atlas.ti, Dedoose, webQDA, MAXQDA, and QDA Miner. They were reviewed, taking into account their transversality, language, (self-learning) tools, among other criteria. The results show that there is a considerable demand for information from users regarding the execution of processes in CAQDAS, and that the packages analysed do not guide users towards the self-learning tools that best fit their learning style

Lesão Medular por Traumatismo Raquimedular e Malformação de Chiari tipo I: Uma Comparação de Características Clínicas

Foram comparadas características clínicas e epidemiológicas de pacientes com tetraplegia traumática e Malformação de Chiari tipo I, atendidos em centro de neurorreabilitação através de estudo observacional analítico e retrospectivo, realizado por meio de análise de prontuário eletrônico. No grupo de pacientes com Malformação de Chiari tipo I predominaram mulheres, com marcha e queapresentavam transtornos de ansiedade e a presença de siringomielia. No grupo com tetraplegia traumática predominaram os homens, com locomoção em cadeira de rodas e maior presença de espasticidade e disfunções neurogênicas do intestino e do trato urinário inferior. Os pacientes com Malformação de Chiari tipo I representam um grupo com diferentes características clínicas e epidemiológicas em relação aos pacientes com sequelas de traumatismo raquimedular, tradicionalmente o principal grupo atendido dentro dos programas de neurorreabilitação. Desta forma, os pacientes com Malformação de Chiari tipo I necessitam de uma abordagem diferenciada que contemplem suas necessidades nos programas de neurorreabilitação

Callogénesis in vitro para la inducción de embriogénesis somática y producción de antioxidantes en Eugenia uniflora

Eugenia uniflora is an American tree species with ecological, agronomical and medicinal importance. However, just few studies have focused on the in vitro propagation and production of secondary metabolites. This study investigated the explant sources and culture conditions for the in vitro callogenesis in E. uniflora towards induction of somatic embryogenesis and production of antioxidant compounds. Nodal segments, leaf sections and root segments from in vitro germinated seeds were used as explants and eight different combinations of auxins (2,4-D or NAA) and cytokinins (BAP or TDZ) were tested for the callus induction. The best callogenic response was observed in nodal segments, followed by leaf sections. Root segments presented comparatively poorer callogenic performance. Calli from nodal segments cultivated in MS medium with NAA (10 mM) + TDZ (5 mM) originated putative pro-embryogenic structures, while the culture in liquid medium using MS supplemented with NAA (10 mM) + TDZ (5 mM) revealed significantly higher content of phenols and flavonoids, as well as higher reducing capacity than the tested treatments and the control (fresh leaves). In summary, the calli obtained from nodal segments revealed competence for somatic embryogenesis induction and development as well as the production of secondary metabolites with pharmaceutical potential.Eugenia uniflora es una especie arbórea americana de importancia ecológica, agronómica y medicinal. Sin embargo, pocos estudios se han centrado en la propagación y producción in vitro de metabolitos secundarios. Este estudio investigó las fuentes de explantes y las condiciones de cultivo para la callogénesis in vitro en E. uniflora para la inducción de embriogénesis somática y la producción de compuestos antioxidantes. Se utilizaron segmentos nodales, secciones de hojas y segmentos de raíz de semillas germinadas in vitro como explantes y se probaron ocho combinaciones diferentes de auxinas (2,4-D o ANA) y citoquininas (BAP o TDZ) para la formación de callos. La mejor respuesta callogénica se observó en segmentos nodales, seguidos de secciones foliares. Los segmentos de raíz presentaron un rendimiento callogénico comparativamente menor. Los callos de segmentos nodales cultivados en medio de cultivo MS con ANA (10 mM) + TDZ (5 mM) originaron estructuras proembriogénicas putativas, mientras que el cultivo en MS medio líquido con ANA (10 mM) + TDZ (5 mM) reveló un contenido significativamente mayor de fenoles y flavonoides, así como una mayor capacidad reductora que los tratamientos probados y el control (hojas frescas). En resumen, los callos obtenidos de segmentos nodales revelaron competencia para la inducción y el desarrollo de embriogénesis somática, así como para la producción de metabolitos secundarios con potencial farmacéutico

Versatility and reliability of the Keystone flap in oncological reconstructions

Introduction: The Keystone flap is an island flap with reliable vascularization and simple dissection, first described in 2003. Despite its distinct advantages, there are few scientific publications on this matter, and it is not a common option in the clinical practice of reconstructive surgery. This article aims to report the experience of a cancer referral center with Keystone flaps in oncological reconstructions. Methods: A retrospective study was carried out data from medical records of patients who performed oncological plastic reconstruction with keystone flaps, operated by the Surgery team of the Cancer Institute of the State of São Paulo, in addition to the analysis of pre, intra and postoperative photographic records. Results: Nine patients were identified, all with comorbidities and a mean age of 52.7. Skin defects followed after oncological resections: five in the lower extremities, three in the trunk and one in the face. The mean of the skin resected area was 52.6cm2. The reconstructions were performed under shortened surgical time. There were no postoperative complications or flap losses. The average hospital stay was 2.2 days. Conclusion: The Keystone flap is technically simple and a reproducible option for covering wounds of different sizes and locations. Due to its reliability, simple and quick dissection, shortened hospital stay and low morbidity in the donor area, it should be considered for reconstructing cancer wounds from different locations in patients of all ages