Avaliação da qualidade do fitoterápico garra do diabo (Harpagophytum procumbens DC) comercializado em Brasília-DF

Trabalho de conclusão de curso (graduação)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, 2017.No Brasil, os medicamentos fitoterápicos, assim como os convencionais, devem possuir registro na Anvisa e seguir todas as normas sanitárias, a fim de que seja garantido o acesso a medicamentos seguros, eficazes e de qualidade comprovada. A falta de controle eficiente durante o desenvolvimento, produção e comercialização acarreta desvios de qualidade, que podem gerar problemas de ineficácia terapêutica, nocividade, intoxicações, agravamento de enfermidades e, em casos extremos, a morte dos usuários. O uso de fitoterápicos tem apresentado um crescimento significativo, o que exige normatização adequada para assegurar a qualidade em todas as etapas de produção desses medicamentos. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a qualidade do fitoterápico garra do diabo (Harpagophytum procumbens DC) disponível no mercado farmacêutico de Brasília-DF. Para tal, foram realizados testes preconizados na Farmacopeia Brasileira – 5ª edição (2010) e em monografias presentes em outras farmacopeias oficiais. Foram avaliados rótulos e bulas, características organolépticas, peso médio, desintegração, compostos majoritários e marcadores fitoquímicos. Alguns desvios foram observados na análise de bula, no teste de desintegração e na análise do teor do marcador. Esses desvios são significativos e comprometem a eficácia terapêutica do medicamento fitoterápico

Determination of harpagoside in Harpagophytum procumbens DC tablet’s using analytical method by High Performance Liquid Chromatography

The species Harpagophytum procumbens DC. is popularly known as devil’s claw and is widely used because of its anti-inflammatory properties that are attributed to an iridoid glycoside, the harpagoside. This medicinal plant is part of the Brazilian List of Essential Medicines, that is, it was selected and standardized for the resolution of diseases in the Brazilian public health system, SUS, and can be found in several brands. Due to the importance of quality monitoring, the objective of this study was to create and validate a method for identification and quantification of harpagoside in tablets of the devil’s claw, as well as to evaluate the content of this iridoid glycoside in three commercially available brands in Brasília, DF, Brazil. The evaluated parameters in the validation by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were linearity, limits of detection and quantification, precision, selectivity, accuracy and robustness, as required by the Brazilian regulation. The developed and validated method proved satisfactory for the quality control of commercial products that present in this composition the medicinal plant. All the devil’s claw brands presented divergences regarding the quality that can interfere with therapeutics and with safety and efficacy

Innovations and developments in single cell protein: Bibliometric review and patents analysis

BackgroundGlobal demand for food products derived from alternative proteins and produced through sustainable technological routes is increasing. Evaluation of research progress, main trends and developments in the field are valuable to identify evolutionary nuances.MethodsIn this study, a bibliometric analysis and search of patents on alternative proteins from fermentation processes was carried out using the Web of Science and Derwent World Patents Index™ databases, using the keywords and Boolean operators “fermentation” AND “single cell protein” OR “single-cell protein.” The dataset was processed and graphics generated using the bibliometric software VOSviewer and OriginPro 8.1.ResultsThe analysis performed recovered a total of 360 articles, of which 271 were research articles, 49 literature review articles and 40 publications distributed in different categories, such as reprint, proceedings paper, meeting abstract among others. In addition, 397 patents related to the field were identified, with China being the country with the largest number of publications and patents deposits. While this topic is largely interdisciplinary, the majority of work is in the area of Biotechnology Applied Microbiology, which boasts the largest number of publications. The area with the most patent filings is the food sector, with particular emphasis on the fields of biochemistry, beverages, microbiology, enzymology and genetic engineering. Among these patents, 110 are active, with industries or companies being the largest depositors. Keyword analysis revealed that the area of study involving single cell protein has included investigation into types of microorganisms, fermentation, and substrates (showing a strong trend in the use of agro-industrial by-products) as well as optimization of production processes.ConclusionThis bibliometric analysis provided important information, challenges, and trends on this relevant subject

Síndrome de Hutchinson: Hutchinson syndrome

Introdução: A doença de Huntington (DH) é uma doença neurodegenerativa autossômica dominante que ocorre devido a mutação no gene da huntingtina, em seu terminal 5 ́, levando a uma expansão instável do tripleto de bases nitrogenadas CAG (citosina-adenina-guanina). Sua transmissão é autossômica dominante. Apresentação do caso Paciente do sexo feminino, com idade de 1 ano 5 meses, deu entrada no serviço ambulatorial de pediatria para acompanhamento devido atraso do crescimento e baixo peso corporal para faixa etária. Nascida com 37 semanas, de parto normal, a termo, com peso 3000 gramas, estatura de 51 cm, perímetro cefálico 34cm, APGAR 7. Discussão: a doença de huntington (DH) foi descrita no século 19 por George Huntington, o qual identificou características clínicas da doença e sua natureza hereditária. No entanto, foi apenas em 1993 que conseguiu isolar o gene e descobrir que a mutação responsável pela doença é a expansão da repetição dos trinucleotídeos CAG(citosina- adenina- guanina) localizada na região 5 do gene IT15 no braço curto do cromossomo 4.  O gene IT15 é responsável pela codificação da proteína Huntingtina, que está presente em vários tecidos do corpo, principalmente no cérebro. Quando no tecido cerebral, ela é quase exclusiva do citoplasma neural, sendo vista nos axônios, dendritos e corpo celular. Conclusão: é possível compreender a importância do manejo da Síndrome de Hutchinson desde sua apresentação até o tratamento de complicações visto que sua cura ainda está em investigação científica

Accuracy and reliability of the Pfeffer Questionnaire for the Brazilian elderly population

The aging population calls for instruments to assess functional and cognitive impairment in the elderly, aiming to prevent conditions that affect functional abilities. OBJECTIVE: To verify the accuracy and reliability of the Pfeffer (FAQ) scale for the Brazilian elderly population and to evaluate the reliability and reproducibility of the translated version of the Pfeffer Questionnaire. METHODS: The Brazilian version of the FAQ was applied to 110 elderly divided into two groups. Both groups were assessed by two blinded investigators at baseline and again after 15 days. In order to verify the accuracy and reliability of the instrument, sensitivity and specificity measurements for the presence or absence of functional and cognitive decline were calculated for various cut-off points and the ROC curve. Intra and inter-examiner reliability were assessed using the Interclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots. RESULTS: For the occurrence of cognitive decline, the ROC curve yielded an area under the curve of 0.909 (95%CI of 0.845 to 0.972), sensitivity of 75.68% (95%CI of 93.52% to 100%) and specificity of 97.26%. For the occurrence of functional decline, the ROC curve yielded an area under the curve of 0.851 (95%CI of 64.52% to 87.33%) and specificity of 80.36% (95%CI of 69.95% to 90.76%). The ICC was excellent, with all values exceeding 0.75. On the Bland-Altman plot, intra-examiner agreement was good, with p>0.05 consistently close to 0. A systematic difference was found for inter-examiner agreement. CONCLUSION: The Pfeffer Questionnaire is applicable in the Brazilian elderly population and showed reliability and reproducibility compared to the original test

Hepatoprotective effects of four Brazilian savanna species on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in HepG2 cells

We investigated four Cerrado plant species, i.e., Cheiloclinium cognatum (Miers) A.C.Sm, Guazuma ulmifolia Lam., Hancornia speciosa Gomes, and Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne, against acetaminophen toxicity using an in vitro assay with HepG2 cells. The activity against acetaminophen toxicity was evaluated using different protocols, i.e., pre-treatment, co-treatment, and post-treatment of the cells with acetaminophen and the plant extracts. HepG2 cell viability after treatment with acetaminophen was 39.61 ± 5.59% of viable cells. In the pre-treatment protocol, the extracts could perform protection with viability ranging from 50.02 ± 15.24% to 78.75 ± 5.61%, approaching the positive control silymarin with 75.83 ± 5.52%. In the post-treatment protocol, all extracts and silymarin failed to reverse the acetaminophen damage. In the co-treatment protocol, the extracts showed protection ranging from 50.92 ± 11.14% to 68.50 ± 9.75%, and silymarin showed 77.87 ± 4.26%, demonstrating that the aqueous extracts of the species also do not increase the toxic effect of acetaminophen. This protection observed in cell viability was accompanied by a decrease in ROS. The extracts’ hepatoprotection can be related to antioxidant compounds, such as rutin and mangiferin, identified using HPLC-DAD and UPLC-MS/MS. The extracts were shown to protect HepG2 cells against future APAP toxicity and may be candidates for supplements that could be used to prevent liver damage. In the concomitant treatment using the extracts with APAP, it was demonstrated that the extracts do not present a synergistic toxicity effect, with no occurrence of potentiation of toxicity. The extracts showed considerable cytoprotective effects and important antioxidant characteristics.Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde (FS)Departamento de Farmácia (FS FAR)Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (IB)Departamento de Botânica (IB BOT)Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêutica

DIVERTICULITE COMPLICADA (HINCHEY 1B)

<p>Através da camada muscular do cólon, que os divertículos colônicos são herniações não complicadas da mucosa e da submucosa colônica. Quando com o tempo ocorrem essas modificações são definidos falsos divertículos ou pseudodivertículos, já que não envolvem todas as camadas da parede dos cólons, pois se envolvessem, seriam chamados de divertículos verdadeiros (KOHL <i>et al.</i>, 2018).</p&gt