Identification of Vanadium on Iron Ore Sample from a Depo-sit in Choghart Area, Iran from Beneficiation Point of View

Large deposits of titanoferous vanadium bearing magnet-ites have been reported from different parts of Iran including those of Choghart area which are rich in vanad-ium. These deposits cannot be directly used for the prod-uction of vanadium because of the unknown feature and characteristics of vanadium in the deposits. To know the mineralogical composition, shape of the particles, chemi-cal character and mesh of grind which play vial role in flowsheet design, samples from Choghart have been subjec-ted to detailed mineralogical and microscopic studies especially SEM, sieve analysis, liberation studies using Davis tube, sink and float tests and particle counting methods and chemical analysis. The results show that most of vanadium is present in magnetite minerals analysing V205 0.45%.Magnetite, hematite, talc (as major minerals) and apatite, calcite, goethite, feldspars, amphibole and pyroxene (as minor minerals) are present in the order of abundance and liberation studies have shown that most of the magnetite particles are free at below 150 microns in which, vanadium element replaced iron, in magnetite structure. This and evenly distribution of vanadium in magnetite sample were further confirmed by SEM technique. Based on the characterization studies carried out it can be predicted, that the combination of low intensity magnetic separation, roasting and leaching would the possible techniques to recover vanadium without ineffective destruction of magnetite structure

Characterization and Lytic Activity of Isolated Escherichia coli Bacteriophages against Escherichia coli in vitro.

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the most common cause of urinary tract infection (UTI) and typically treated with antibiotics. Unrestricted use of antibiotics may lead to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The present study aimed to isolate and characterize phages against E. coli from infected urine samples and to determine the lytic activity of phages against E. coliin vitro. The present experimental study was conducted in the Laboratory of Bouali Sina Hospital (Sari, Iran) in May 2018. E. coli was identified from nine urine samples of patients with UTI using conventional microbiological methods. Bacteriophages were isolated from the infected urine specimens, and their lytic activity was determined using the spot test. The titer of the bacteriophages was measured using the double-layer agar technique. The morphology of the bacteriophages was revealed using transmission electron microscopy, and the latent time period and burst size were determined. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software package. E. coli was isolated from nine infected urine samples. The lytic activity of bacteriophages against E. coli was determined using the spot test by observing the formation of inhibition zones. Transmission electron microscopy showed E. coli phages belonging to the Myoviridae family. The latent time period was 20 minutes with a burst size of 1,200 plaque-forming unit (PFU) per infected cell. The results of the double-layer agar assay showed that the titer of bacteriophages was 20×10 <sup>8</sup> PFU/mL. The E. coli bacteriophage was isolated from infected urine samples and characterized, and their lytic activity against E. coli was determined in vitro

P 419 Comparison of tight junctions permeability and modulation in iris pigment epithelium and retinal pigment epithelium in vitro

Amb una superfície: 0,61 ha, de basalt i aigua nebulitzada.Barragán, Pedro (dissenyador)Gran pla general de El Volcà,conegut com la Carbonera. El carbó calent era mullat per aigua subterrània i desprenia vapor. Actualment està inactiu. Destaquen el pg. Josep Carner amb el monument a Colom i els edificis de Capitania i Duana

A Method to Relate the Affecting Parameters and Estimate Dilution in Coal Mines

This study provides an overview of the various issues influencing Out-of-Seam Dilution (OSD) in longwall mining method. The collected data has been statistically analyzed to examine the effect of the some factors causing OSD in front of the longwall mining face. Multiple parameter regression analysis was conducted on affecting parameters and the OSD. The SPSS (Statistics Package for Social Sciences) for Windows software package was used for the statistics analysis. Finally, a relationship between affecting parameters and the OSD is established by using the multiple parameter regression results. Results of this study have revealed that depth of seam, dip of seam, roof quality and variation in seam thickness are the most important influence factors for OSD. The proposed method may be utilized for the estimation of OSD for similar mines since, it was based on actual collected data from the coal mines

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Quantification of bronchodilator effects by using hyperpolarized ³He MR imaging

PURPOSE: To evaluate short-acting bronchodilator effects in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by using hyperpolarized helium 3 (³He) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, spirometry, and plethysmography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen ex-smokers with COPD provided written informed consent to a local ethics board-approved and Health Insurance and Portability Accountability Act-compliant protocol and underwent hyperpolarized ³He and hydrogen 1 MR imaging, spirometry, and plethysmography before and a mean of 25 minutes ± 2 (standard deviation) after administration of 400 μg salbutamol. Distribution of ³He gas was evaluated by using semiautomated segmentation of ³He voxel intensities, where cluster 1 represented regions of signal void or ventilation defect volume (VDV), and clusters 2-5 (C2-C5) represented gradations of signal intensity from hypointensity (C2) to hyperintensity (C5). ³He ventilation defect percentage (VDP) was calculated as VDV normalized to the thoracic cavity volume. Comparisons of pre- and post-salbutamol means were performed by using a two-way mixed-design repeated measures analysis of variance, and comparisons of the magnitude of the treatment effect between pulmonary function and ³He MR imaging measurements were performed by using effect size (ES) calculations. The relationships between pulmonary function and ³He MR imaging findings were determined by using Spearman correlation coefficients. RESULTS: After salbutamol administration, there were significant changes in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁) (P = .001), total lung capacity (P = .04), and functional residual capacity (P = .03), as well as VDP (P \u3c .0001) and ³He gas distribution (C2, P = .01; C3, P = .03; C4, P \u3c .0001; and C5, P = .02). Treatment ES was greater for ³He VDP than for FEV(1) (0.50 vs 0.22). There was a significant correlation between baseline VDP and post-salbutamol FEV₁ change (r = -0.77, P = .001). Although five patients were classified as bronchodilator responders and nine patients were classified as bronchodilator nonresponders according to American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society criteria, there was no significant difference in the magnitude of the ³He MR imaging changes after salbutamol administration between responder groups. CONCLUSION: ³He MR imaging depicted significant improvements in the distribution of ³He gas after bronchodilator therapy in ex-smokers with COPD with and those without clinically important changes in FEV₁

Temperature measurement on neurological pulse generators during MR scans

According to manufacturers of both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machines, and implantable neurological pulse generators (IPGs), MRI is contraindicated for patients with IPGs. A major argument for this restriction is the risk to induce heat in the leads due to the electromagnetic field, which could be dangerous for the surrounding brain parenchyma. The temperature change on the surface of the case of an ITREL-III (Medtronic Inc., Minneapolis, MN) and the lead tip during MRI was determined. An anatomical realistic and a cubic phantom, filled with phantom material mimicking human tissue, and a typical lead configuration were used to imitate a patient who carries an IPG for deep brain stimulation. The measurements were performed in a 1.5 T and a 3.0 T MRI. 2.1°C temperature increases at the lead tip uncovered the lead tip as the most critical part concerning heating problems in IPGs. Temperature increases in other locations were low compared to the one at the lead tip. The measured temperature increase of 2.1°C can not be considered as harmful to the patient. Comparison with the results of other studies revealed the avoidance of loops as a practical method to reduce heating during MRI procedures

Hyperpolarized 3He functional magnetic resonance imaging of bronchoscopic airway bypass in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

A 73-year-old exsmoker with Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease stage III chronic obstructive pulmonary disease underwent airway bypass (AB) as part of the Exhale Airway Stents for Emphysema (EASE) trial, and was the only EASE subject to undergo hyperpolarized 3He magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of lung function pre- and post-AB. 3He magnetic resonance imaging was acquired twice previously (32 and eight months pre-AB) and twice post-AB (six and 12 months post-AB). Six months post-AB, his increase in forced vital capacity wa

On-resin N-methylation of cyclic peptides for discovery of orally bioavailable scaffolds.

Backbone N-methylation is common among peptide natural products and has a substantial impact on both the physical properties and the conformational states of cyclic peptides. However, the specific impact of N-methylation on passive membrane diffusion in cyclic peptides has not been investigated systematically. Here we report a method for the selective, on-resin N-methylation of cyclic peptides to generate compounds with drug-like membrane permeability and oral bioavailability. The selectivity and degree of N-methylation of the cyclic peptide was dependent on backbone stereochemistry, suggesting that conformation dictates the regiochemistry of the N-methylation reaction. The permeabilities of the N-methyl variants were corroborated by computational studies on a 1,024-member virtual library of N-methyl cyclic peptides. One of the most permeable compounds, a cyclic hexapeptide (molecular mass = 755 Da) with three N-methyl groups, showed an oral bioavailability of 28% in rat

Hyperpolarized 3He and 129Xe magnetic resonance imaging apparent diffusion coefficients: physiological relevance in older never- and ex-smokers

Noble gas pulmonary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is transitioning away from (3)He to (129)Xe gas, but the physiological/clinical relevance of (129)Xe apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) parenchyma measurements is not well understood. Therefore, our objective was to generate (129)Xe MRI ADC for comparison with (3)He ADC and with well-established measurements of alveolar structure and function in older never-smokers and ex-smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In four never-smokers and 10 COPD ex-smokers, (3)He (b = 1.6 sec/cm(2)) and (129)Xe (b = 12, 20, and 30 sec/cm(2)) ADC, computed tomography (CT) density-threshold measurements, and the diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) were measured. To understand regional differences, the anterior-posterior (APG) and superior-inferior (∆SI) ADC differences were evaluated. Compared to never-smokers, COPD ex-smokers showed greater (3)He ADC (P = 0.006), (129)Xe ADCb12 (P = 0.006), and ADCb20 (P = 0.006), but not for ADCb30 (P \u3e 0.05). Never-smokers and COPD ex-smokers had significantly different APG for (3)He ADC (P = 0.02), (129)Xe ADCb12 (P = 0.006), and ADCb20 (P = 0.01), but not for ADCb30 (P \u3e 0.05). ∆SI for never- and ex-smokers was significantly different for (3)He ADC (P = 0.046), but not for (129)Xe ADC (P \u3e 0.05). There were strong correlations for DLCO with (3)He ADC and (129)Xe ADCb12 (both r = -0.95, P \u3c 0.05); in a multivariate model (129)Xe ADCb12 was the only significant predictor of DLCO (P = 0.049). For COPD ex-smokers, CT relative are

The promising applications of ultrasound in emergency medicine and critical care related to in cancer: A review

The referral of critically ill cancer patients to an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is a matter of controversial debate. During the past decade, ultrasound imaging performed by emergency physicians and critical care providers has gained significant clinical importance. A number of researches reported the ability of emergency physicians and critical care providers to carry out and interpret bedside assessments exactly, along with a great effect on the quality of care. It is possible assessing ultrasound-mediated subjects who are very much instable to be evaluated through alternative imaging methods. Furthermore, ultrasound in the emergency medicine and critical care open a new way towards facilitate diagnosis, simplify rapid dispositions, and influence management decisions. The primarily perspective of bedside ultrasound by emergency physicians and critical care providers was limited to a few applications. However, it was observed a number of new applications due to the universal and extensive adaptation of ultrasound in emergency uses. In this review, we discussed the promising applications of ultrasound for emergency medicine and critical care that encompass telemedicine, prehospital setting, soft tissue, fractures, ocular, paracentesis, pneumothorax, foreign bodies, bladder and arthrocentesis ultrasound. © Oncology and Radiotherapy