Influence of Different Shellfish Matrices on the Separation of PSP Toxins Using a Postcolumn Oxidation Liquid Chromatography Method

The separation of PSP toxins using liquid chromatography with a post-column oxidation fluorescence detection method was performed with different matrices. The separation of PSP toxins depends on several factors, and it is crucial to take into account the presence of interfering matrix peaks to produce a good separation. The matrix peaks are not always the same, which is a significant issue when it comes to producing good, reliable results regarding resolution and toxicity information. Different real shellfish matrices (mussel, scallop, clam and oyster) were studied, and it was seen that the interference is not the same for each individual matrix. It also depends on the species, sampling location and the date of collection. It was proposed that separation should be accomplished taking into account the type of matrix, as well as the concentration of heptane sulfonate in both solvents, since the mobile phase varies regarding the matrix. Scallop and oyster matrices needed a decrease in the concentration of heptane sulfonate to separate GTX4 from matrix peaks, as well as dcGTX3 for oysters, with a concentration of 6.5 mM for solvent A and 6.25 mM for solvent B. For mussel and clam matrices, interfering peaks are not as large as they are in the other group, and the heptane sulfonate concentration was 8.25 mM for both solvents. Also, for scallops and oysters, matrix interferences depend not only on the sampling site but also on the date of collection as well as the species; for mussels and clams, differences are noted only when the sampling site variesThe research leading to these results received funding from the following FEDER cofunded-grants: CDTI and Technological Funds, supported by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, AGL2012-40185-CO2-01 and Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria, GRC2013-016, and through Axencia Galega de Innovación, Spain, ITC-20133020 SINTOX; from CDTI under ISIP Programme, Spain, IDI-20130304 APTAFOOD; and from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme managed by REA – Research Executive Agency (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement 312184 PHARMASEAS

Desarrollo de una Aplicación Web de Apoyo a la Gestión de Dondeproc de Licanten

121 p.La comuna de Licantén cuenta con el Fondo de Desarrollo Productivo Comunal (FONDEPROC), que financia pequeñas iniciativas productivas. El FONDEPROC actualmente no tiene un proceso definido y estable, la evaluación de los proyectos que postulan al financiamiento es deficiente, y el sistema de registros acumula gran cantidad de datos dificultando el seguimiento de los proyectos que fueron beneficiados con el fondo. Por esto, surge la inquietud de desarrollar una aplicación web de apoyo a la gestión del FONDEPROC, que ayude a generar información relevante para el proceso de torna de decisiones. Para el desarrollo del proyecto se utilizó una extensión del Proceso Unificado de Desarrollo de Software, Web Application Extensión (WAE)

Calidad del cuidado de enfermería. Empresa Social del Estado Hospital Universitario de Santander

RESUMEN El objetivo del trabajo fue diseñar un modelo de garantía de calidad del cuidado de enfermería en la Empresa Social del Estado Hospital Universitario de Santander de Bucaramanga, que permitiera identificar fortalezas y debilidades en la atención de enfermería, plantear acciones de mejoramiento, correctivas y preventivas.Se realizó una investigación operativa. Se hizo un diagnóstico de la calidad del cuidado de enfermería: revisión documental para evidenciar el compromiso con la calidad y los avances de la Subgerencia de enfermería; evaluación de la calidad de procedimientos claves teniendo como referencia los eventos adversos reportados. A partir del diagnóstico, se conformó el comité de calidad del cuidado de enfermería, se estableció su competencia y operatividad. Se implemento un programa para sensibilizar el personal de la subgerencia sobre las políticas de calidad y estrategias para asegurar la calidad del cuidado de enfermería en la institución. Con base en los protocolos vigentes, se diseñaron los procesos prioritarios y se definieron los indicadores de calidad y diseñaron los procesos e instrumentos de recolección de información. Palabras clave: Garantía de la calidad de atención, control de calidad, administración de la calidad, calidad del cuidado de enfermería ABSTRACT The objective of the work was to design a model of guarantee of quality of the infirmary care in the Social Company of the State Hospital Universitario de Santander of Bucaramanga, that allowed to identify strengths and weaknesses in the infirmary attention, to outline actions of improvement and preventive.Was carried out an operative investigation. A diagnosis of the quality of the infirmary care was made: documental revisión to evidence the commitment with the quality and the advances of the infirmary Subgerencia; evaluation of the quality of key procedures of infirmary having like reference the reported adverse events. Starting from the diagnosis, he/ she conformed to the committee of quality of the infirmary care, he/she settled down their competition and operability. A program was implemented to sensitize the infirmary personnel on the politicians of quality and strategies to assure the quality of the infirmary care in the institution. With base in the effective protocols, the high-priority processes were designed and they were defined the indicators of quality and they designed the processes and instrumente of gathering of information.  Keywords: Quality assurance, health care; quality control; quality of health car

Calidad del cuidado de enfermería. Empresa Social del Estado Hospital Universitario de Santander

RESUMEN El objetivo del trabajo fue diseñar un modelo de garantía de calidad del cuidado de enfermería en la Empresa Social del Estado Hospital Universitario de Santander de Bucaramanga, que permitiera identificar fortalezas y debilidades en la atención de enfermería, plantear acciones de mejoramiento, correctivas y preventivas.Se realizó una investigación operativa. Se hizo un diagnóstico de la calidad del cuidado de enfermería: revisión documental para evidenciar el compromiso con la calidad y los avances de la Subgerencia de enfermería; evaluación de la calidad de procedimientos claves teniendo como referencia los eventos adversos reportados. A partir del diagnóstico, se conformó el comité de calidad del cuidado de enfermería, se estableció su competencia y operatividad. Se implemento un programa para sensibilizar el personal de la subgerencia sobre las políticas de calidad y estrategias para asegurar la calidad del cuidado de enfermería en la institución. Con base en los protocolos vigentes, se diseñaron los procesos prioritarios y se definieron los indicadores de calidad y diseñaron los procesos e instrumentos de recolección de información. Palabras clave: Garantía de la calidad de atención, control de calidad, administración de la calidad, calidad del cuidado de enfermería ABSTRACT The objective of the work was to design a model of guarantee of quality of the infirmary care in the Social Company of the State Hospital Universitario de Santander of Bucaramanga, that allowed to identify strengths and weaknesses in the infirmary attention, to outline actions of improvement and preventive.Was carried out an operative investigation. A diagnosis of the quality of the infirmary care was made: documental revisión to evidence the commitment with the quality and the advances of the infirmary Subgerencia; evaluation of the quality of key procedures of infirmary having like reference the reported adverse events. Starting from the diagnosis, he/ she conformed to the committee of quality of the infirmary care, he/she settled down their competition and operability. A program was implemented to sensitize the infirmary personnel on the politicians of quality and strategies to assure the quality of the infirmary care in the institution. With base in the effective protocols, the high-priority processes were designed and they were defined the indicators of quality and they designed the processes and instrumente of gathering of information.  Keywords: Quality assurance, health care; quality control; quality of health car

Determination of Gonyautoxin-4 in Echinoderms and Gastropod Matrices by Conversion to Neosaxitoxin Using 2-Mercaptoethanol and Post-Column Oxidation Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection

Paralytic Shellfish Toxin blooms are common worldwide, which makes their monitoring crucial in the prevention of poisoning incidents. These toxins can be monitored by a variety of techniques, including mouse bioassay, receptor binding assay, and liquid chromatography with either mass spectrometric or pre- or post-column fluorescence detection. The post-column oxidation liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection method, used routinely in our laboratory, has been shown to be a reliable method for monitoring paralytic shellfish toxins in mussel, scallop, oyster and clam species. However, due to its high sensitivity to naturally fluorescent matrix interferences, when working with unconventional matrices, there may be problems in identifying toxins because of naturally fluorescent interferences that co-elute with the toxin peaks. This can lead to erroneous identification. In this study, in order to overcome this challenge in echinoderm and gastropod matrices, we optimized the conversion of Gonyautoxins 1 and 4 to Neosaxitoxin with 2-mercaptoethanol. We present a new and less time-consuming method with a good recovery (82.2%, RSD 1.1%, n = 3), requiring only a single reaction stepThis research was partially funded by the Portuguese Fundation of Science and Technology (FCT) project UID/Multi/04423/2013 and by the projects MARBIOTECH (reference NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000047) within the Scientific Resaerch and Technological Development (SR&TD) Integrated Program. MARVALOR—Building research and innovation capacity for improved management and valorizationof marine resources, supported by the Programa Operacional Regional do Norte (ON.2-O Novo Norte) and NOVOMAR (reference 0687-NOVOMAR-1-P), supported by the European Regional Development Fund. Marisa Silva also acknowledges FCT for the grant SFRH/BD/73269/2010. The spanish research leading to these results has received funding from the following European Fund for Economic and Regional Development (FEDER) cofunded-grants. From Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial (CDTI) and Technological Funds, supported by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, AGL2012-40185-CO2-01, AGL2014-58210-R, and Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria, GRC2013-016. From CDTI under India&Spain Innovating Program (ISIP) Programme, Spain, IDI-20130304 APTAFOOD. From the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme managed by REA—Research Executive Agency (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement 312184 PHARMASEAS

Emerging analgesic drugs for Parkinson's disease

Introduction: Pain affects between 40 and 85% of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. It is a frequently disabling and overlooked feature, which can significantly reduce health-related quality of life. Unfortunately, there are no universally recommended treatments for this condition. Areas covered: Evidence about the efficacy and safety of available analgesic treatments is summarized in this review. Potential targets for upcoming therapies are then discussed in light of what is currently known about the physiopathology of pain in PD. Protocols for efficacy and safety assessment of novel analgesic therapies are discussed. Finally, critical aspects of study protocol design such as patient selection or outcomes to be evaluated are discussed. Expert opinion: Preliminary results indicate that duloxetine, cranial electrotherapy stimulation, rotigotine, subthalamic or pallidum nuclei stimulation or lesion or levodopa could be effective for treating pain in PD. Similarly, some case reports indicate that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) or apomorphine could be effective for relieving painful off-period dystonia. Clinical trials with rTMS or oxycodone/naloxone prolonged-release tablets for neuropathic pain or botulinum toxin for off-period dystonia are underway. Success of clinical trials about analgesic strategies in PD will depend on the selection of the right PD population to be treated, according to the type of pain, and the proper selection of study outcomes and follow-up of international recommendations.Fil: Perez Lloret, Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier; Francia. Fundación para la Lucha Contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia. Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas "Raúl Carrea"; ArgentinaFil: Rey, María Verónica. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier; Francia. Fundación para la Lucha Contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia. Instituto de Investigaciones Neurológicas "Raúl Carrea"; ArgentinaFil: Dellapina, Estelle. Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier; FranciaFil: Pellaprat, Jean. Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier; FranciaFil: Brefel Courbon, Christine. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier; FranciaFil: Rascol, Olivier. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier; Franci

Drugs associated with restless legs syndrome: A case/noncase study in the French pharmacovigilance database

BACKGROUND: Several case reports have suggested that drugs could induce restless legs syndrome. However, no systematic review of this adverse drug reaction (ADR) in a pharmacovigilance database has been published. OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency of restless legs syndrome in the French Pharmacovigilance Database. METHODS: We selected all ADR reports from January 1, 1984 to December 31, 2009 coded as restless legs syndrome. Restless legs syndrome diagnosis was validated from case descriptions. Using a case/noncase approach, reporting odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated for ''suspected'' drugs with 2 or more observations. RESULTS: Twenty-six ADR reports were found. Four cases were excluded because of alternative diagnosis. Fourteen cases were women (64%). Median age was 57. Most frequently suspected drugs were antidepressants (reporting odds ratio, 15.9 [6.4-39.7]; amitriptyline, escitalopram, mianserine, mirtazapine, duloxetine), neuroleptics (17.8 [6.1-51.7]; thioridazine, loxapine, risperidone, aripiprazole) or tramadol (18.2 [6.3-52.8]). CONCLUSIONS: Restless legs syndrome is a very rare ADR that was more frequently reported in association with antidepressants, neuroleptics, or tramadol.Fil: Perez Lloret, Santiago. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Francia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Rey, María Verónica. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; FranciaFil: Bondon Guitton, Emmanuelle. Inserm; FranciaFil: Rascol, Olivier. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; FranciaFil: Montastruc, And Jean-Louis. Inserm; Franci

Liquid Chromatography with a Fluorimetric Detection Method for Analysis of Paralytic Shellfish Toxins and Tetrodotoxin Based on a Porous Graphitic Carbon Column

The research leading to these results has received funding from the following FEDER cofunded-grants. From CDTI and Technological Funds, supported by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, AGL2012-40185-CO2-01, AGL2014-58210-R, Xunta de Galicia Axencia Galega de Innovación, ITC-20133020 SINTOX, and Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria, GRC2013-016. From CDTI under ISIP Programme, Spain, IDI-20130304 APTAFOOD. From the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme managed by REA—Research Executive Agency (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement 312184 PHARMASEAS

One week impact of Somofilcon-A and Omafilcon-A lens

Purpose: Clinicians play a key role in prescribing contact lenses that are best suited for fitting which materials have an impact on ocular surface parameters. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact on symptomatology, tear film dynamics and ocular surface integrity of a silicone-hydrogel (Somofilcon-A) and a hydrogel (Omafilcon-A) lens before and after wearing for one week in contact lens neophyte participants. Methods: Somofilcon-A and Omafilcon-A were randomly fitted to one the eye in an initial group of 28 participants. Subjects were scheduled for three sessions: basal session previous fitting, second session after 4-wear hours, and final session after 7-wear days for up to 10 hours. In each session, CLDEQ-8, tear meniscus height and hyperemia with and without lenses, as well as lipid layer thickness and corneal/conjunctival staining without lenses were assessed. Values were compared between lenses and sessions. Results: In intrasession comparison, there were no differences in any parameter between materials on any session with or without lenses (all p≥0.176), except on the conjunctival staining where values obtained during Somofilcon-A wear (all p≤0.006). In intersession analysis, CLDEQ-8 score, tear meniscus height and lipid layer thickness showed a statistical difference during both materials wear (all p≤0.009), while conjunctival hyperemia does not (p=0.237); corneal staining showed differences during Omafilcon-A wear (p=0.037), contrary to conjunctival staining which showed differences only during Somofilcon-A wear (p<0.001). Conclusion: Contact lens wear had an impact on ocular parameters that have some specific influences on the material on which lenses were manufactured.S

Prevalence and pharmacological factors associated with impulse-control disorder symptoms in patients with parkinson disease

BACKGROUND: Impulse-control disorders (ICDs) occur in patients with Parkinson disease (PD), especially in younger patients on dopamine therapies. OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of ICD symptoms and its pharmacological correlations in a sample of French patients with PD and without PD (poststroke). METHODS: Outpatients with PD and without PD (poststroke) were screened for compulsive behaviors related to hypersexuality, compulsive shopping, pathological gambling, or compulsive eating by means of the Questionnaire for Impulse-Control Disorders-short version. Full medical history and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale scores were also recorded. Dose of dopamine agonists were converted to defined daily doses (DDDs), according to the World Health Organization Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification system classification system. RESULTS: Two hundred three patients with PD and 52 patients without PD were recruited (mean ± SD age, 67 ± 1 vs 69 ± 2, P= 0.4; males: 62% vs 55% P= 0.2). Symptoms of ICDs were reported by 0% of poststroke patients and 25% of the patients with PD (P < 0.001). Hypersexuality was reported by 10% of the patients with PD, compulsive shopping by 6%, pathological gambling by 3%, and compulsive eating by 14%. A logistic regression analysis found that age younger than 68 years (odds ratio [OR], 3.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.6-6.6) and exposure to dopamine agonists (OR, 20.3; 95% confidence interval, 2.7-65.0) or monoaminooxidase-B inhibitor (OR, 3.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-12.6) were significant factors associated with increased ICD frequency. Patients with ICD symptoms were exposed to higher dopamine doses than those without them (1.6 ± 0.1 vs 1.0 ± 0.1 daily-defined doses; P < 0.001). A dose-response pharmacodynamic model disclosed a significant nonlinear dose-response relationship between dopamine agonists and frequency of ICD symptoms (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Impulse-control disorder symptoms were more frequent in the patients with PD than in the poststroke patients with PD. Impulse-control disorder symptoms were related to younger age and exposure to monoaminooxidase-B inhibitors, and showed a nonlinear dose-response relationship with dopamine agonists.Fil: Perez Lloret, Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Inserm; FranciaFil: Rey, María Verónica. Inserm; FranciaFil: Fabre, Nelly. No especifíca;Fil: Ory, Fabienne. No especifíca;Fil: Spampinato, Umberto. No especifíca;Fil: Brefel Courbon, Christine. No especifíca;Fil: Montastruc, Jean Louis. No especifíca;Fil: Rascol, Olivier. Inserm; Franci