Payload/orbiter contamination control assessment support

The development and use is described of a basic contamination mathematical model of the shuttle orbiter which incorporates specific shuttle orbiter configurations and contamination sources. These configurations and sources were evaluated with respect to known shuttle orbiter operational surface characteristics and specific lines-of-sight which encompass the majority of viewing requirements for shuttle payloads. The results of these evaluations are presented as summary tables for each major source. In addition, contamination minimization studies were conducted and recommendations are made, where applicable, to support the shuttle orbiter design and operational planning for those sources which were identified to present a significant contamination threat

Payload/orbiter contamination control requirement study

The Spacelab carrier induced contaminant environment and Spacelab's ability to meet established contamination control criteria for the shuttle program are determined. The primary areas of on-going activity include updating, refining, and improving the Spacelab Contamination Computer Model and contamination analysis methodology; establishing the resulting adjusted induced environment predictions for comparison with the applicable criteria; determining Spacelab design and operational requirements necessary to meet the criteria; conducting mission feasibility analyses of the combined Spacelab/orbiter contaminant environment for specific proposed missions and payload mixes; and establishing a preliminary Spacelab mission support plan and model interface requirements. A summary is given of these activities conducted to date including any modifications in approach or methodology utilized in the contamination assessment of the Spacelab vehicle. The emphasis is placed on the Spacelab modeling efforts

Ülitundlikkusreaktsioonid kemoteraapiale ja desensibiliseeriv ravi

Järjest suurenev kasvajavastase ravi kasutamine viimaste kümnendite jooksul on suurendanud ka erinevate kõrvaltoimete esinemist. Ülitundlikkusreaktsioonid kemoteraapilistele ravimitele, sh monokloonsetele antikehadele, põhjustavad sageli patsiendi esmavaliku ravi lõpetamise ning sellest omakorda elukvaliteedi halvenemise ja elulemuse kahanemise, sest kasutatavad alternatiivsed ravimid võivad sageli olla vähem efektiivsed, toksilisemad ja/ või kallimad. Tekkivate reaktsioonide mehhanismid ei ole sageli teada, kuid eeldatavasti on kaasatud erinevad ülitundlikkusmehhanismid. Nii IgE vahendatud kui mitte-IgE poolt vahendatud kasvajavastaste ravimite ülitundlikkusreaktsioonide korral on üheks võimaluseks kasutada kiiret desensibiliseerimist, mis võimaldab patsientidel vajalik ravikuur ohutult läbida ja parandab seeläbi nii patsiendi ravivõimalusi kui ka prognoosi. Eesti Arst 2017; 96(5):275–27

A Görgei Artúr rehabilitációját elindító 1884-1885-ös kezdeményezés hatása a honvédegyleti mozgalomra

Barely ten years after the defeat of the Hungarian war of self-defense and revolution of 1848- 1849, the first veterans’ association was founded in Hungary, and the number of such groups grew to about 90 in the years following the Austro-Hungarian Compromise. The declared goal of these associations was to support the wounded veterans and the families of the fallen soldiers of the war, to preserve the ideas and memory of the revolution, and to represent the surviving soldiers. Their beliefs were defined by their loyalty to Lajos Kossuth, the former Governor-President was a revered hero in their eyes. Therefore it is understandable that the motion to redefine the historical role of General Artúr Görgei, and absolve him of the accusations of treason in the mid-1880s faced considerable resistance and anger. This study examines the reactions to this motion from the members of the veterans’ associations, how it motivated even those organizations that had no real activity for a long time, how it divided the already less than unified veterans’ movement, and finally the verdict of the national assembly of these associations on their former leader

Polyhexamethylene Biguanide Release by Chitosan-Heparin Nanoparticles

Chitosan and heparin were used to synthesize nanoparticles using polyelectrolyte complexation. The optimal mixing ratio was determined to be 1:4 by studying the particle characteristics of zeta potential and dynamic light scattering of the ratios 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 and 1:6 (chitosan: heparin). The particles were loaded with the antibiotic polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) and the release was measured over 335 hours using the dialysis membrane incubation method and detected via ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. Around 80% of the encapsulated PHMB was released over the measured period. The goal of this part of the study was to determine the drug release behavior of chitosan-heparin nanoparticles and their viability as release agents for future wound healing applications. This study concluded that the performance of the particles exhibits sustained release over prolonged periods to be further investigated as transport agents. Antibacterial studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of the particles in vitroagainst gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial species