Sebaran Serotipe Virus Dengue Di Provinsi Jawa Barat

Faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya masalah infeksi virus dengue ini adalah virulensi virus (serotipe), kemampuan vektor dalam menularkan virus dan kerentanan manusia. Keberadaan dan variasi serotipe virus dengue di Provinsi Jawa Barat belum diketahui secara luas. Populasi penelitian adalah penderita tersangka infeksi virus dengue di Provinsi Jawa Barat tahun 2008, sedangkan sampel adalah penderita yang di rawat di Rumah Sakit terpilih dan bersedia diambil serumnya. Serum diperiksa dengan metode RT-PCR (Reverse Transcriptase - Polymerase Chain Reaction) untuk memastikan keberadaan virus. Jumlah serum penderita adalah 523 sampel, namun 123 serum tidak diketahui hasilnya. Sebagian besar serum yang diperiksa memperoleh hasil negatif yaitu 53,73% (215 serum), sedangkan hasil positif untuk tiap serotipe terbanyak adalah Den-3 yaitu 85 serum (21,25%), kemudian diikuti oleh Den-2 sebanyak 50 serum (12,5%), Den-1, 37 serum (9.25%), dan Den-4 , 13 serum (3.25%). Wilayah yang memiliki sebaran empat serotipe (hiperendemis) adalah Kabupaten Bekasi, Kabupaten Garut, Kota Cirebon, Kota Sukabumi dan Kota Tasikmalaya, sedangkan kota/kabupaten yang mempunyai sebaran tiga serotipe jumlahnya mendominasi di wilayah Provinsi Jawa Barat. Data ini memberikan informasi bagi instansi terkait di Propinsi Jawa Barat bahwa beberapa wilayah telah teridentifikasi sebagai daerah hiperendemis (empat serotype ditemukan)

Exploiting Fluorescent Reporter Molecules for Process Analytical Technology (PAT): FH – HES

Process Analytical Technology (PAT) launched by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) aims to ensure the quality of pharmaceutical products. One important tool to obtain a deeper process understanding is the use of modern real-time process sensors and analyzers. In this context an industrially accepted optical probe for turbidity measurement (Aquasant probe) has been adapted for on-line and real-time fluorescence measurement in (bio-)reactors. By tagging product proteins with fluorescent reporter molecules (e.g. GFP) it was possible to quantify product concentrations during a fermentation process with the new probe. The on-line obtained signal showed a high correlation to the off-line signal. This new method has remarkable advantages compared to classical off-line product lab analyses and can serve as a platform-independent quantification method of products to be used in either up- or downstream processing

Kinks in the Kondo problem

We find the exact quasiparticle spectrum for the continuum Kondo problem of $k$ species of electrons coupled to an impurity of spin $S$. In this description, the impurity becomes an immobile quasiparticle sitting on the boundary. The particles are ``kinks'', which can be thought of as field configurations interpolating between adjacent wells of a potential with $k+1$ degenerate minima. For the overscreened case $k>2S$, the boundary has this kink structure as well, which explains the non-integer number of boundary states previously observed. Using simple arguments along with the consistency requirements of an integrable theory, we find the exact elastic $S$-matrix for the quasiparticles scattering among themselves and off of the boundary. This allows the calculation of the exact free energy, which agrees with the known Bethe ansatz solution.Comment: 9 pages +1 figur

The beta function of the multichannel Kondo model

The beta function of the multichannel Kondo model is calculated exactly in the limit of large spin N and channel number M=gamma*N, with constant gamma. There are no corrections in any finite order of 1/N. One zero is found at a finite coupling strength, showing directly the Non--Fermi liquid behavior of the model. This renormalization group flow allows to introduce a variational principle for the entropy, to obtain the low temperature thermodynamics. Such in particular the low temperature thermodynamics of the non--crossing approximation to the Kondo model becomes accessible.Comment: 4 page

Manganese surface segregation in NiMnSb

A quantitative analysis of the surface composition of the Heusler alloy NiMnSb has been undertaken using angle-resolved x-ray photoemission spectroscopy and the surface composition characterized. With sufficient annealing cycles, the stoichiometric surface evolves to a surface that is manganese rich. This indicates that the surface enthalpy is different from the bulk for the Heusler alloy NiMnSb. ©2000 American Institute of Physics

Time needed to intubate and suction a manikin prior to instituting positive pressure ventilation: a simulation trial

Tracheal suctioning in non-vigorous newborn delivered through meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) is supposed to delay initiation of positive pressure ventilation (PPV), but the magnitude of such delay is unknown. To compare the time of PPV initiation when performing immediate laryngoscopy with intubation and suctioning vs. performing immediate PPV without intubation in a manikin model. Randomized controlled crossover (AB/BA) trial comparing PPV initiation with or without endotracheal suctioning in a manikin model of non-vigorous neonates born through MSAF. Participants were 20 neonatologists and 20 pediatric residents trained in advanced airway management. Timing of PPV initiation was longer with vs. without endotracheal suctioning in both pediatric residents (mean difference 13\ua0s, 95% confidence interval 8 to 18\ua0s; p\ua0< 0.0001) and neonatologists (mean difference 12\ua0s, 95% confidence interval 8 to 16\ua0s; p < 0.0001). The difference in timing of PPV initiation was similar between pediatric residents and neonatologists (mean difference 12 1\ua0s, 95% confidence interval 12 7 to 6\ua0s; p\ua0= 0.85). Conclusions: Performing immediate laryngoscopy with intubation and suctioning was associated with longer\u2014but not clinically relevant\u2014time of initiation of PPV compared with immediate PPV without intubation in a manikin model. While suggesting negligible delay in starting PPV, further studies in a clinical setting are warranted. Registration: clinicaltrial.gov NCT04076189.What is Known:\u2022 Management of the non-vigorous newborn delivered through meconium-stained amniotic fluid remains still controversial.\u2022 Tracheal suctioning in non-vigorous newborn delivered through meconium-stained amniotic fluid is supposed to delay initiation of positive pressure ventilation, but the magnitude of such delay is unknown.What is New:\u2022 Performing immediate ventilation without intubation was associated with shorter\u2014but not clinically relevant\u2014time of initiation of ventilation compared to immediate laryngoscopy with intubation and suctioning in a manikin model.\u2022 Further studies in a clinical setting are warranted

On the Corrections to Dashen's Theorem

The electromagnetic corrections to the masses of the pseudoscalar mesons $\pi$ and $K$ are considered. We calculate in chiral perturbation theory the contributions which arise from resonances within a photon loop at order $O(e^2 m_q)$. Within this approach we find rather moderate deviations to Dashen's theorem.Comment: 14 pages, sligthly enlarged version; a numerical error is corrected and the embedding of the figures is improved. The complete paper, including figures, is also available via anonymous ftp at ftp://www-ttp.physik.uni-karlsruhe.de/ , or via www at http://www-ttp.physik.uni-karlsruhe.de/cgi-bin/preprints/; to be published in Phys.Rev.

SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS: A CASE STUDY IN AYURVEDIC SETTINGS

ABSTRACT Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multisystem disorder of unknown cause characterized by fibrosis of skin, blood vessels, and visceral organs including the gastrointestinal tract, lungs, heart, and kidneys. There are two distinct clinical presentations viz., Diffuse and limited forms. We are herewith reporting a case of diffuse cutaneous scleroderma in a 21 year old female student. The possible understanding of the case in terms of Ayurveda and a therapeutic protocol with promising result has beendiscussed

Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless Transition in Spin-Charge Separated Superconductor

A model for spin-charge separated superconductivity in two dimensions is introduced where the phases of the spinon and holon order parameters couple gauge-invariantly to a statistical gauge-field representing chiral spin-fluctuations. The model is analyzed in the continuum limit and in the low-temperature limit. In both cases we find that physical electronic phase correlations show a superconducting-normal phase transition of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless type, while statistical gauge-field excitations are found to be strictly gapless. The normal-to-superconductor phase boundary for this model is also obtained as a function of carrier density, where we find that its shape compares favorably with that of the experimentally observed phase diagram for the oxide superconductors.Comment: 35 pages, TeX, CSLA-P-93-