1,104 research outputs found

    Conceptual Design of a Single-Aisle Turboelectric Commercial Transport With Fuselage Boundary Layer Ingestion

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    A single-aisle commercial transport concept with a turboelectric propulsion system architecture was developed assuming entry into service in 2035 and compared to a similar technology conventional configuration. The turboelectric architecture consisted of two underwing turbofans with generators extracting power from the fan shaft and sending it to a rear fuselage, axisymmetric, boundary layer ingesting fan. Results indicate that the turbo- electric concept has an economic mission fuel burn reduction of 7%, and a design mission fuel burn reduction of 12% compared to the conventional configuration. An exploration of the design space was performed to better understand how the turboelectric architecture changes the design space, and system sensitivities were run to determine the sensitivity of thrust specific fuel consumption at top of climb and propulsion system weight to the motor power, fan pressure ratio, and electrical transmission efficiency of the aft boundary layer ingesting fan

    研究の科学性を高める要件 : 科学の思考法と研究方法を中心として

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    はじめに 序.学問における科学の位置 1.人間と自然との関わりの変遷 2.オーギュスト・コントによる人間の思索の分類 3.学問の三つのカテゴリー 1.近代科学とその思考形式 1.1近代科学誕生に到る思想と行動 1.2近代科学革命とその後の発展 1.3科学の基本的思考形式 2.科学的方法の発展 2.1科学的方法の基本手順 2.2帰納法自体の発展 3.科学でとらえる真理 3.1再現性,客観性 3.2社会科学での真理 3.3実在論と反実在論 3.4真理は変化する 4.論文掲載・公開の学問的意義 4.1新たなアイデアや発見情報の提供 4.2再現性確認の呼びかけ 4.3避けるべきこと おわり

    Design, statistical analysis and sample size calculation of a phase IIb/III study of linagliptin versus voglibose and placebo

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Many patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) require a combination of antidiabetic drugs with complementary mechanisms of action to lower their hemoglobin A<sub>1c </sub>levels to achieve therapeutic targets and reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications. Linagliptin is a novel member of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor class of antidiabetic drugs. DPP-4 inhibitors increase incretin (glucagon-like peptide-1 and gastric inhibitory polypeptide) levels, inhibit glucagon release and, more importantly, increase insulin secretion and inhibit gastric emptying. Currently, phase III clinical studies with linagliptin are underway to evaluate its clinical efficacy and safety. Linagliptin is expected to be one of the most appropriate therapies for Japanese patients with DM, as deficient insulin secretion is a greater concern than insulin resistance in this population. The number of patients with DM in Japan is increasing and this trend is predicted to continue. Several antidiabetic drugs are currently marketed in Japan; however there is no information describing the effective dose of linagliptin for Japanese patients with DM.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This prospective, randomized, double-blind study will compare linagliptin with placebo over a 12-week period. The study has also been designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of linagliptin by comparing it with another antidiabetic, voglibose, over a 26-week treatment period. Four treatment groups have been established for these comparisons. A phase IIb/III combined study design has been utilized for this purpose and the approach for calculating sample size is described.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>This is the first phase IIb/III study to examine the long-term safety and efficacy of linagliptin in diabetes patients in the Japanese population.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p>Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00654381).</p
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