106 research outputs found
Recommended from our members
Global predictability of temperature extremes
Extreme temperatures are one of the leading causes of death and disease in both developed and developing countries, and heat extremes are projected to rise in many regions. To reduce risk, heatwave plans and cold weather plans have been effectively implemented around the world. However, much of the world’s population is not yet protected by such systems, including many data-scarce but also highly vulnerable regions. In this study, we assess at a global level where such systems have the potential to be effective at reducing risk from temperature extremes, characterizing (1) long-term average occurrence of heatwaves and coldwaves, (2) seasonality of these extremes, and (3) short-term predictability of these extreme events three to ten days in advance. Using both the NOAA and ECMWF weather forecast models, we develop global maps indicating a first approximation of the locations that are likely to benefit from the development of seasonal preparedness plans and/or short-term early warning systems for extreme temperature. The extratropics generally show both short-term skill as well as strong seasonality; in the tropics, most locations do also demonstrate one or both. In fact, almost 5 billion people live in regions that have seasonality and predictability of heatwaves and/or coldwaves. Climate adaptation investments in these regions can take advantage of seasonality and predictability to reduce risks to vulnerable populations
The position of mefloquine as a 21st century malaria chemoprophylaxis
BACKGROUND: Malaria chemoprophylaxis prevents the occurrence of the symptoms of malaria. Travellers to high-risk Plasmodium falciparum endemic areas need an effective chemoprophylaxis. METHODS: A literature search to update the status of mefloquine as a malaria chemoprophylaxis. RESULTS: Except for clearly defined regions with multi-drug resistance, mefloquine is effective against the blood stages of all human malaria species, including the recently recognized fifth species, Plasmodium knowlesi. New data were found in the literature on the tolerarability of mefloquine and the use of this medication by groups at high risk of malaria. DISCUSSION: Use of mefloquine for pregnant women in the second and third trimester is sanctioned by the WHO and some authorities (CDC) allow the use of mefloquine even in the first trimester. Inadvertent pregnancy while using mefloquine is not considered grounds for pregnancy termination. Mefloquine chemoprophylaxis is allowed during breast-feeding. Studies show that mefloquine is a good option for other high-risk groups, such as long-term travellers, VFR travellers and families with small children. Despite a negative media perception, large pharmaco-epidemiological studies have shown that serious adverse events are rare. A recent US evaluation of serious events (hospitalization data) found no association between mefloquine prescriptions and serious adverse events across a wide range of outcomes including mental disorders and diseases of the nervous system. As part of an in-depth analysis of mefloquine tolerability, a potential trend for increased propensity for neuropsychiatric adverse events in women was identified in a number of published clinical studies. This trend is corroborated by several cohort studies that identified female sex and low body weight as risk factors. CONCLUSION: The choice of anti-malarial drug should be an evidence-based decision that considers the profile of the individual traveller and the risk of malaria. Mefloquine is an important, first-line anti-malarial drug but it is crucial for prescribers to screen medical histories and inform mefloquine users of potential adverse events. Careful prescribing and observance of contraindications are essential. For some indications, there is currently no replacement for mefloquine available or in the pipeline
1: Tomo primo che contiene il libro primo e secondo
In Padova : presso Brandolese, 1806
Segn.: A-H8
Legato con il v. 2.
Fa parte di: Codice civile de' francesi
https://galileodiscovery.unipd.it/discovery/fulldisplay?context=L&vid=39UPD_INST:VU1&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&tab=Everything&docid=alma99000405353020604
2: Tomo secondo che contiene la parte prima del libro terzo
In Padova : presso Brandolese, 1806
Segn.: A-G8 H56
//Legato con il vol. 1.
Fa parte di: Codice civile de' francesi
https://galileodiscovery.unipd.it/discovery/fulldisplay?context=L&vid=39UPD_INST:VU1&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&tab=Everything&docid=alma99000405354020604
3: Tomo terzo che contiene il libro terzo parte seconda
In Padova : presso Brandolese, 1806
Segn.: A-H8.
Legato con il v. 4. PP. 13-14 strappate.
Fa parte di: Codice civile de' francesi tomo primo [-quarto]
https://galileodiscovery.unipd.it/discovery/fulldisplay?context=L&vid=39UPD_INST:VU1&search_scope=MyInst_and_CI&tab=Everything&docid=alma99000405355020604
2: Tomo secondo che contiene la parte prima del libro terzo
In Padova : presso Brandolese, 1806
Segn.: A-G8 H56
//Legato con il vol. 1.
Fa parte di: Codice civile de' francesi
http://catalogo.unipd.it/F?func=find-c&ccl_term=IDN=PUVE016212&local_base=SBP0
4: Tomo quarto che contiene il compimento del libro terzo, le leggi transitorie, e la tavola generale delle materie
In Padova : presso Brandolese, 1806
Segn.: A-D8 E4
//Legato con il v. 3.
Fa parte di: Codice civile de' francesi
http://catalogo.unipd.it/F?func=find-c&ccl_term=IDN=PUVE016214&local_base=SBP0
4: Tomo quarto che contiene il compimento del libro terzo, le leggi transitorie, e la tavola generale delle materie
In Padova : presso Brandolese, 1806
Segn.: A-D8 E4
//Legato con il v. 3.
Fa parte di: Codice civile de' francesi
http://catalogo.unipd.it/F?func=find-c&ccl_term=IDN=PUVE016214&local_base=SBP0
2: Tomo secondo che contiene la parte prima del libro terzo
In Padova : presso Brandolese, 1806
Segn.: A-G8 H56
//Legato con il vol. 1.
Fa parte di: Codice civile de' francesi
http://catalogo.unipd.it/F?func=find-c&ccl_term=IDN=PUVE016212&local_base=SBP0
- …