409 research outputs found
Politics and Planning of the I-81 Corridor in Syracuse, New York
http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/120394/1/Renckens_PoliticsAndPlanningOfThe1-81CorridorInSyracuseNewYork.pd
Assessment and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder in individuals with intellectual disabilities
Micro-Level Interactions in the Compliance Processes of Transnational Private Governance
Transnational private governance has emerged in multiple issue areas to promote responsible business practices. While most studies assess its rule-setting function, much less research has been done on the compliance-assessment function. This chapter examines the various actors that are involved in this process—auditors, individual assessors and, to a lesser extent, accreditors—and their respective interactions. Using the Marine Stewardship Council as an empirical case, the chapter examines the level of competition among accredited auditors and assessors, and the degree of organizational interdependence. It argues that while the number of accredited auditors has increased over time, the degree of competition is rather limited, while auditors are also much less operationally independent than expected due to the mobility of assessors across auditors. As such, this chapter contributes to the TBGI literature by providing a micro-level perspective addressing interactions among governance actors within a transnational private governance regime and their potential influence on regime effectiveness
The 'good is light' and 'bad is dark' metaphor in feature films
Light and darkness can be used metaphorically to help structure GOOD and BAD in all media, but film is particularly suitable for exploiting such metaphors. On the basis of examples from three feature films, we discuss in what way the metaphor functions in general and suggest how it allows for a degree of creative play. Moreover, it is pointed out how the metaphor usually interacts with other narratologically salient elements in order to achieve its specific, context-dependent effects. The paper ends with suggestions how the study of this and other conceptual metaphors in film may benefit both metaphor and film scholarship
“El Cuerpo y La Libertad en Sartre”
Dado que según Sartre el hombre, en su calidad de arrojado en el mundo, se presenta como
pura contingencia haciendo de su existencia una condenación a la libertad, lo que implica
que el ser del hombre es equivalente al serlibre
y que solo desde esa libertad se puede
constituir una posible esencia del hombre; dado que no se puede desde el criterio sartreano
establecer una división entre un tipo de libertad exterior y un tipo de libertad interior, ya
que la libertad es la realidad humana misma, en tanto se hace a sí misma libremente; y dado
que aparentemente el cuerpo, en tanto conjunto de órganos, se presenta como una realidad
material limitada dentro de una cierta superficie, de la cual la conciencia no puede salir y se
ve atada a esta; surge la pregunta siguiente: ¿Cómo soluciona Sartre el problema de que el
“cuerpo”, en tanto visto como una cosa dotada de sus propias características que puede ser
definida desde un ámbito exterior, no representa un límite para la libertad? Ante esta
pregunta corresponde una respuesta de carácter paradójico, pues, la concepción del cuerpo
en Sartre lleva al establecimiento de que el cuerpo en tanto facticidad del serparasí
es
aquello que a su vez limita y origina la libertad del hombre, puesto que compromete a este
en el mundo pero de forma injustificada. Es decir, el hombre se adscribe a un mundo y
dentro de una situación particular sin tener, en principio, decisión sobre esta y desde la cual
parten todas sus elecciones, pero, a su vez, esa situación se configura por tales elecciones
establecidas por el hombre en tanto ser parasí.
Siendo, así, el cuerpo la medida del
accionar libre del hombre y a su vez lo que establece el límite de tal accionar. Tomando en
cuenta ello, en este texto se va a plantear como es que desde lo planteado por Sartre se
puede llegar a esa respuesta paradójica y en qué medida se establece la relación entre la
libertad y la corporalidad como serparasí
o tal cual es “para mí”. Y para ello los textos
principales que se utilizarán serán: El Ser y la Nada, El existencialismo es un humanismo y
Bosquejo de una teoría delas emociones, del cual se hará referencia con la abreviatura
BTE. Cabe también señalar que este trabajo podría resultar interesante para ser llevado, en
la actualidad, a un análisis desde las neurociencias (ya que están en auge) tomando esa
misma premisa del cuerpo como límite y origen de la libertad, y en ese caso en particular
The proteolytic system of lactic acid bacteria revisited: a genomic comparison
Contains fulltext :
87750.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)BACKGROUND: Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a group of gram-positive, lactic acid producing Firmicutes. They have been extensively used in food fermentations, including the production of various dairy products. The proteolytic system of LAB converts proteins to peptides and then to amino acids, which is essential for bacterial growth and also contributes significantly to flavor compounds as end-products. Recent developments in high-throughput genome sequencing and comparative genomics hybridization arrays provide us with opportunities to explore the diversity of the proteolytic system in various LAB strains. RESULTS: We performed a genome-wide comparative genomics analysis of proteolytic system components, including cell-wall bound proteinase, peptide transporters and peptidases, in 22 sequenced LAB strains. The peptidase families PepP/PepQ/PepM, PepD and PepI/PepR/PepL are described as examples of our in silico approach to refine the distinction of subfamilies with different enzymatic activities. Comparison of protein 3D structures of proline peptidases PepI/PepR/PepL and esterase A allowed identification of a conserved core structure, which was then used to improve phylogenetic analysis and functional annotation within this protein superfamily.The diversity of proteolytic system components in 39 Lactococcus lactis strains was explored using pangenome comparative genome hybridization analysis. Variations were observed in the proteinase PrtP and its maturation protein PrtM, in one of the Opp transport systems and in several peptidases between strains from different Lactococcus subspecies or from different origin. CONCLUSIONS: The improved functional annotation of the proteolytic system components provides an excellent framework for future experimental validations of predicted enzymatic activities. The genome sequence data can be coupled to other "omics" data e.g. transcriptomics and metabolomics for prediction of proteolytic and flavor-forming potential of LAB strains. Such an integrated approach can be used to tune the strain selection process in food fermentations
Lactobacillus plantarum gene clusters encoding putative cell-surface protein complexes for carbohydrate utilization are conserved in specific gram-positive bacteria
BACKGROUND: Genomes of gram-positive bacteria encode many putative cell-surface proteins, of which the majority has no known function. From the rapidly increasing number of available genome sequences it has become apparent that many cell-surface proteins are conserved, and frequently encoded in gene clusters or operons, suggesting common functions, and interactions of multiple components. RESULTS: A novel gene cluster encoding exclusively cell-surface proteins was identified, which is conserved in a subgroup of gram-positive bacteria. Each gene cluster generally has one copy of four new gene families called cscA, cscB, cscC and cscD. Clusters encoding these cell-surface proteins were found only in complete genomes of Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus sakei, Enterococcus faecalis, Listeria innocua, Listeria monocytogenes, Lactococcus lactis ssp lactis and Bacillus cereus and in incomplete genomes of L. lactis ssp cremoris, Lactobacillus casei, Enterococcus faecium, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Lactobacillius brevis, Oenococcus oeni, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, and Bacillus thuringiensis. These genes are neither present in the genomes of streptococci, staphylococci and clostridia, nor in the Lactobacillus acidophilus group, suggesting a niche-specific distribution, possibly relating to association with plants. All encoded proteins have a signal peptide for secretion by the Sec-dependent pathway, while some have cell-surface anchors, novel WxL domains, and putative domains for sugar binding and degradation. Transcriptome analysis in L. plantarum shows that the cscA-D genes are co-expressed, supporting their operon organization. Many gene clusters are significantly up-regulated in a glucose-grown, ccpA-mutant derivative of L. plantarum, suggesting catabolite control. This is supported by the presence of predicted CRE-sites upstream or inside the up-regulated cscA-D gene clusters. CONCLUSION: We propose that the CscA, CscB, CscC and CscD proteins form cell-surface protein complexes and play a role in carbon source acquisition. Primary occurrence in plant-associated gram-positive bacteria suggests a possible role in degradation and utilization of plant oligo- or poly-saccharides
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