Hypnotic Focused Analgesia Obtained Through Body Dysmorphism Prevents Both Pain and Its Cardiovascular Effects

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Experimental Approach to the Transmission of Information in Hypnosis

The means by which information can be transmitted in hypnosis are debated. Aim of this pilot study was to induce and maintain hypnosis without the hypnotist and the subject being in the same room. In other words, we wanted to clarify, using measurable outcomes, if the hypnotic message could be con-veyed through an electronic device. We studied 6 young healthy highly hyp-notizable volunteers. After a session aimed at creating the rapport, each par-ticipant underwent an experimental session consisting in the execution of a cold pressor test (CTP) in basal awake condition, during hypnotic focused analgesia in the presence of the hypnotist (HFA-P) and during hypnotic fo-cused analgesia suggested via transceiver (HFA-R). Cardiovascular monitor-ing was performed throughout the session. Perceived pain intensity and he-modynamic parameters during the CPT (baseline, 1stminute, end of the test) in the three phases of the experimental session were compared with paired t-test. During both HFA-P and HFA-R, perceived pain was nullified. The times of permanence in icy water significantly increased in comparison to non-hypnotic condition by 369.2% in HFA-P and by 394.3% in HFA-R. The systolic blood pressure × heart rate product increased in non-hypnotic condi-tions (+27.8%, p < 0.01, at the 1st minute; +35.3%, p = 0.01, at the end) but not during HFA-P (−1% and −0.2%, NS) or HFA-R (+7.3% and −1.6%, NS). In conclusion, hypnosis induced and maintained viatransceiver was equivalent to that in the presence of the hypnotist. The hypnotic information therefore turned out to be more important than the means chosen to transmit it

Experimental Approach to the Transmission of Information in Hypnosis

The means by which information can be transmitted in hypnosis are debated. Aim of this pilot study was to induce and maintain hypnosis without the hypnotist and the subject being in the same room. In other words, we wanted to clarify, using measurable outcomes, if the hypnotic message could be con-veyed through an electronic device. We studied 6 young healthy highly hyp-notizable volunteers. After a session aimed at creating the rapport, each par-ticipant underwent an experimental session consisting in the execution of a cold pressor test (CTP) in basal awake condition, during hypnotic focused analgesia in the presence of the hypnotist (HFA-P) and during hypnotic fo-cused analgesia suggested via transceiver (HFA-R). Cardiovascular monitor-ing was performed throughout the session. Perceived pain intensity and he-modynamic parameters during the CPT (baseline, 1stminute, end of the test) in the three phases of the experimental session were compared with paired t-test. During both HFA-P and HFA-R, perceived pain was nullified. The times of permanence in icy water significantly increased in comparison to non-hypnotic condition by 369.2% in HFA-P and by 394.3% in HFA-R. The systolic blood pressure 7 heart rate product increased in non-hypnotic condi-tions (+27.8%, p < 0.01, at the 1st minute; +35.3%, p = 0.01, at the end) but not during HFA-P ( 121% and 120.2%, NS) or HFA-R (+7.3% and 121.6%, NS). In conclusion, hypnosis induced and maintained viatransceiver was equivalent to that in the presence of the hypnotist. The hypnotic information therefore turned out to be more important than the means chosen to transmit it

The ROVIGO Study (Risk of Vascular Complications: Impact of Genetics in Old people): Protocol, Study Design, and Preliminary Results of the Initial Survey: Cardiovascular epidemiology in the elderly

none17noBACKGROUND: The epidemiology of cardiovascular risk (CV) in the elderly is far from being defined, and the reasons why some subjects retain a healthy body while growing old while others are affected by different diseases or die prematurely are still unknown. AIMS: To compare the CV risk pattern in two elderly cohorts living in North-East Italy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Risk Of Vascular complications: Impact of Genetics in Old people (ROVIGO) study is a population-based study including 580 unrelated elderly subjects representative of general population living in Rovigo in the Veneto region. They were compared to a cohort of 580 age-gender-matched unrelated subjects from the CArdiovascular STudy in the Elderly (CASTEL) living in the same region in Castelfranco Veneto and Chioggia. RESULTS: Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, and prevalence of coronary heart disease, heart failure and chronic pulmonary disease were lower in the ROVIGO than in the CASTEL cohort, while high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol and the prevalence of diabetes were higher in the former than in the latter. In the ROVIGO cohort, diabetes, left ventricular hypertrophy, coronary and cerebrovascular diseases were more represented in men. In the CASTEL cohort, systolic BP was higher in women. In both cohorts, the lipid pattern was less favourable and HR higher in women, chronic pulmonary disease more represented in men. CONCLUSIONS: People living in Rovigo were at lower CV risk than those in Castelfranco Veneto and Chioggia, mainly due to lower BP values, better lipid pattern and lower prevalence of CV and pulmonary disease.noneMazza, Alberto; Zamboni, Sergio; Ramazzina, Emilio; Schiavon, Laura; Rempelou, Panagiota; Zorzan, Sara; Bascelli, Anna; Segato, Rosa; Redi, Rossana; Pagnin, Elisa; Camerotto, Alessandro; Zuin, Marco; Rizzato, Enzo; Marcolongo, Adriano; Orsini, Arturo; Rubello, Domenico; Casiglia, EdoardoMazza, Alberto; Zamboni, Sergio; Ramazzina, Emilio; Schiavon, Laura; Rempelou, Panagiota; Zorzan, Sara; Bascelli, Anna; Segato, Rosa; Redi, Rossana; Pagnin, Elisa; Camerotto, Alessandro; Zuin, Marco; Rizzato, Enzo; Marcolongo, Adriano; Orsini, Arturo; Rubello, Domenico; Casiglia, Edoard