Impacto Social del Fondo de Aportaciones para la Infraestructura Social (FAIS): Municipio de Tenancingo, Estado de México. Periodo 2014- 2015.

El objetivo es medir el impacto social de los beneficiarios del Fondo de Aportaciones para la Infraestructura Social en el municipio de Tenancingo, Estado de México, durante el ejercicio fiscal que comprende del año 2014-2015

Gender norms and the child penalty:evidence from the Dutch bible belt

There are substantial gender gaps in earnings once children are born in many developed countries, despite similar education levels of men and women and accessible childcare facilities. I examine whether gender norms are a driver of women’s higher labour market costs of having children using Dutch administrative data. Exploiting large local variation in gender norms in the Netherlands, I compare parents from the Dutch bible belt, where gender norms are on average less egalitarian, with parents from other regions in the Netherlands, where gender norms are more egalitarian. My findings show that having children leads an about 30% larger earnings decrease for women in the bible belt, mainly driven by a larger reduction in working hours. I rule out that differences in pre-child parental characteristics and institutions such as childcare availability explain this result and argue that different gender norms in these two areas likely explain this finding.</p

Starving with a full gut? Effect of suspended particles on the fitness of Daphnia hyalina

Suspended particles are abiotic factors that can affect the abundance of cladocerans such as daphnids. Ultra-oligotrophic Lake Brienz, situated in the front ranges of the Swiss Alps, is dominated by two major inflows that annually transport over 300,000 tons of suspended glacial material into the lake. A laboratory flow-through experiment was performed to test whether these suspended particles have an influence on the fitness of Daphnia hyalina from Lake Brienz, measured as body size, fecundity and juvenile growth rate, especially when they are simultaneously exposed to low food concentrations. Our results show that the concentration of suspended particles present in Lake Brienz does not reduce the fitness of daphnids, even at very low food concentration. In fact, a low concentration of suspended particles increased the fitness. Reduction of fitness could only be observed at a suspended particle concentration of over 25mgl−1, a level that has never been recorded in Lake Brien

Lake origin determines Daphnia population growth under winter conditions

In large oligotrophic lakes, growth rates of zooplankton populations decline to low or negative values in winter as a result of low food concentration and water temperature. Daphnia, a key species in the aquatic food web, has two strategies to overwinter: either by sexual reproduction resulting in diapause or as asexual clones in the open water. We investigated how asexually overwintering Daphnia clones, originating from different taxa and lakes with different trophic state, survive under winter conditions. We performed a laboratory experiment exposing D. hyalina and D. hyalina×galeata clones to low water temperature (5°C) and either no or low food (<0.1 mg C L−1) conditions. We used clones from three pre-alpine lakes in Switzerland with contrasting trophic state: ultra-oligotrophic Lake Brienz, mesotrophic Lake Constance and eutrophic Greifensee. Our results show that Daphnia clones can withstand starvation for an average of 6 weeks under low food concentration and for almost 2 weeks under complete absence of food. Besides strong clonal variation, we found a significant effect of food concentration and its interaction with lake origin on population growth rate. Our study indicates that adaptation to local winter conditions is a key factor in defining the clonal, but not necessarily the taxonomic composition of a Daphnia population in unproductive lake

Fast and Accurate Multiclass Inference for MI-BCIs Using Large Multiscale Temporal and Spectral Features

Accurate, fast, and reliable multiclass classification of electroencephalography (EEG) signals is a challenging task towards the development of motor imagery brain-computer interface (MI-BCI) systems. We propose enhancements to different feature extractors, along with a support vector machine (SVM) classifier, to simultaneously improve classification accuracy and execution time during training and testing. We focus on the well-known common spatial pattern (CSP) and Riemannian covariance methods, and significantly extend these two feature extractors to multiscale temporal and spectral cases. The multiscale CSP features achieve 73.70$\pm$15.90% (mean$\pm$ standard deviation across 9 subjects) classification accuracy that surpasses the state-of-the-art method [1], 70.6$\pm$14.70%, on the 4-class BCI competition IV-2a dataset. The Riemannian covariance features outperform the CSP by achieving 74.27$\pm$15.5% accuracy and executing 9x faster in training and 4x faster in testing. Using more temporal windows for Riemannian features results in 75.47$\pm$12.8% accuracy with 1.6x faster testing than CSP.Comment: Published as a conference paper at the IEEE European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO), 201

An Open Platform to Teach How the Internet Practically Works

Each year at ETH Zurich, around 100 students collectively build and operate their very own Internet infrastructure composed of hundreds of routers and dozens of Autonomous Systems (ASes). Their goal? Enabling Internet-wide connectivity. We find this class-wide project to be invaluable in teaching our students how the Internet infrastructure practically works. Among others, our students have a much deeper understanding of Internet operations alongside their pitfalls. Besides students tend to love the project: clearly the fact that all of them need to cooperate for the entire Internet to work is empowering. In this paper, we describe the overall design of our teaching platform, how we use it, and interesting lessons we have learnt over the years. We also make our platform openly available.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figure