Assessment of the Level of Team Cooperation in a Selected Sports Club

Diplomová práce se zabývá posouzením týmové úrovně ve vybraném sportovním klubu. Nejprve se v úvodu stanovují hlavní cíle práce, kterými jsou 3 výzkumné otázky, které budeme analyzovat na základě aplikování vědeckých metod. Teoretická část se dělí na několik podkapitol, které mají objasnit důležité pojmy, které se týkají týmové spolupráce. Následuje představení konkrétního sportovního klubu, u kterého se dělalo výzkumné bádání. Praktická část je složena z několika vědeckých metod, která zachycují potřebná data, která jsou následně implementována do SWOT analýzy, která je hlavním výstupem pro interpretaci výzkumných otázek. Na jejich závěrech jsou postaveny náměty a doporučení pro sportovní organizaci a celkové shrnutí a ohlédnutí je v závěru diplomové práce.The diploma thesis deals with the assessment of the team level in a selected sports club. First, the main objectives of the work are set in the introduction, which are 3 research questions that we will analyze based on the application of scientific methods. The theoretical part is divided into several subchapters, which are intended to clarify important concepts related to teamwork. The following is an introduction to a specific sports club that was the subject of research. The practical part consists of several scientific methods that capture the necessary data, which are subsequently implemented in a SWOT analysis, which is the main output for the interpretation of research questions. Based on their conclusions, topics and recommendations for the sports organization are built, and the overall summary and review is at the end of the diploma thesis.115 - Katedra managementuvýborn

Organisation and Management of Sports Competition

Bakalářská práce je zaměřena na organizaci a řízení sportovní soutěže, konkrétně se jedná o Krajský přebor družstev šachu. Cílem práce je analyzování soutěžního ročníku 2020/2021, který se stal velmi specifickým, a tak bylo zapotřebí hlubší analýzy, aby se ukázaly silné stránky organizace managementu a byly odhaleny případné hrozby, které soutěž ohrožují. Mezi hlavní body práce patří zejména organizování a řízení samotné soutěže, kterou má v kompetenci Moravskoslezský krajský šachový svaz, přičemž v řízení soutěže mu pomáhá instituce Sportovně-technické komise. Taktéž následná aplikace výstupních dat na základě využití výzkumných metod, které se v komparaci s dalšími faktory sjednotí do výsledné SWOT analýzy, která nám generuje případné připomínky, náměty a doporučení, které se mohou přenést do dalších ročníků soutěže. Během práce jsou užity různorodé techniky a principy, které se odráží ve všech sférách managementu nebo se i teoretická část zaměřuje na sekundární role sportu i šachu. K získání potřebných dat bylo využito mnohých výzkumných metod, například rozhovor, dotazník, práce s dokumenty nebo vlastní pozorování. K analýze z dotazníkového šetření bylo využito grafického znázornění, které se následně překlenulo do konečné SWOT analýzy, která zanalyzovala nejen silné stránky nebo právě hrozby, na jejichž odstranění se bude muset management MKŠS do budoucích let zaměřit.The bachelor's thesis is focused on the organization and management of sports competitions, specifically the Regional Chess Team Championship. The aim of the work is to analyze the competition year 2020/2021, which has become very specific, and so a deeper analysis was needed to show the strengths of the management organization and reveal potential threats that threaten the competition. The main points of the work include in particular the organization and management of the competition itself, which is the responsibility of the Moravian-Silesian Regional Chess Association, while in the management of the competition is assisted by the institution of the Sports and Technical Commission. Also the subsequent application of output data based on the use of research methods, which in comparison with other factors will be unified into the final SWOT analysis, which generates any comments, suggestions and recommendations that can be transferred to other years of the competition. During the work, various techniques and principles are used, which are reflected in all spheres of management or the theoretical part focuses on the secondary roles of sport and chess. Many research methods were used to obtain the necessary data, such as an interview, a questionnaire, working with documents or own observations. A graphic representation was used for the analysis from the questionnaire survey, which was subsequently bridged into the final SWOT analysis, which analyzed not only the strengths or threats that the MKŠS management will have to focus on in the coming years.115 - Katedra managementuvýborn

Efficacy and safety of the anti-IL-12/23 p40 monoclonal antibody, ustekinumab, in patients with active psoriatic arthritis despite conventional non-biological and biological anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy: 6-month and 1-year results of the phase 3, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised PSUMMIT 2 trial

Objective: Assess ustekinumab efficacy (week 24/week 52) and safety (week 16/week 24/week 60) in patients with active psoriatic arthritis (PsA) despite treatment with conventional and/or biological anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) agents. Methods: In this phase 3, multicentre, placebo-controlled trial, 312 adults with active PsA were randomised (stratified by site, weight (≤100 kg/>100 kg), methotrexate use) to ustekinumab 45 mg or 90 mg at week 0, week 4, q12 weeks or placebo at week 0, week 4, week 16 and crossover to ustekinumab 45 mg at week 24, week 28 and week 40. At week 16, patients with <5% improvement in tender/swollen joint counts entered blinded early escape (placebo→45 mg, 45 mg→90 mg, 90 mg→90 mg). The primary endpoint was ≥20% improvement in American College of Rheumatology (ACR20) criteria at week 24. Secondary endpoints included week 24 Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI) improvement, ACR50, ACR70 and ≥75% improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI75). Efficacy was assessed in all patients, anti-TNF-naïve (n=132) patients and anti-TNF-experienced (n=180) patients. Results: More ustekinumab-treated (43.8% combined) than placebo-treated (20.2%) patients achieved ACR20 at week 24 (p<0.001). Significant treatment differences were observed for week 24 HAQ-DI improvement (p<0.001), ACR50 (p≤0.05) and PASI75 (p<0.001); all benefits were sustained through week 52. Among patients previously treated with ≥1 TNF inhibitor, sustained ustekinumab efficacy was also observed (week 24 combined vs placebo: ACR20 35.6% vs 14.5%, PASI75 47.1% vs 2.0%, median HAQ-DI change −0.13 vs 0.0; week 52 ustekinumab-treated: ACR20 38.9%, PASI75 43.4%, median HAQ-DI change −0.13). No unexpected adverse events were observed through week 60. Conclusions: The interleukin-12/23 inhibitor ustekinumab (45/90 mg q12 weeks) yielded significant and sustained improvements in PsA signs/symptoms in a diverse population of patients with active PsA, including anti-TNF-experienced PsA patients

Motivations for Swiss veal farmers to adopt calf health management strategies that enable reduction in antibiotic use

Context: Excess dairy calves in Switzerland are commonly shifted at a young age to specialised fattening farms for veal or beef production and are exposed to pathogens against which they may have insufficient immunity. Excessive administration of antibiotics to these calves contributes to the development of bacterial resistance, which is detrimental for human and animal health. Intervention strategies are needed to motivate farmers to adopt alternative methods for maintaining calf health. Aims: This study was aimed at identifying individual and systemic enablers and barriers driving farmer behaviour in terms of calf health management and antibiotic use. Methods: Qualitative interviews were conducted with veal, beef and/or dairy farmers who breed and take care of future fattening calves in the first weeks of life. Data were analysed according to key constructs. Key results: Measures to enhance calf health included keeping calves on birth farms until they have developed sufficient active immunity, providing sufficient milk, drenching with colostrum, and hygiene-focused stable management practices. Dairy farmers perceived excess dairy breed calves to be a financial liability, so are reluctant to commit resources to maintaining their health. Systemic barriers to reducing antibiotic use in specialised, large-scale veal-fattening systems, including increased mortality, high costs of veterinary treatment, and low profit margins causing farmers to seek economies of scale, mean that there is little potential for significantly reducing antibiotic use within the existing system. Furthermore, unwillingness to seek herd management advice hinders the application of alternative practices for maintaining calf health with reduced antibiotic use in veal production. Conclusions: The main barriers to antibiotic reduction in veal production are systemic; therefore, strategies to reduce antibiotic use should aim for a system that encourages farmers to prioritise calf health, such as implementing political and economic drivers to discourage specialisation and intensification. Such drivers could include measures to reduce the costs of veterinary services or to increase income; for example, subsidies could increase the profit potential of calves and motivate farmers to prioritise calf health. Implications: A production system in which calves are managed to maintain their health with minimal antibiotic use would provide societal benefits of slowing the development of antimicrobial resistance while fulfilling farmers’ moral responsibility for the wellbeing of calves as sentient beings

Drought or Severe Drought? Hemiparasitic Yellow Mistletoe (Loranthus europaeus) Amplifies Drought Stress in Sessile Oak Trees (Quercus petraea) by Altering Water Status and Physiological Responses

European oak species have long been considered relatively resistant to different disturbances, including drought. However, several recent studies have reported their decline initiated by complex changes. Therefore, we compared mature sessile oak trees (Quercus petraea (Matt.), Liebl.) infested versus non-infested by hemiparasitic yellow mistletoe (Loranthus europaeus Jacq.) during the relatively dry vegetation season of 2019. We used broad arrays of ecophysiological (maximal assimilation rate Asat, chlorophyll a fluorescence, stomatal conductance gS, leaf morphological traits, mineral nutrition), growth (tree diameter, height, stem increment), and water status indicators (leaf water potential Ψ, leaf transpiration T, water-use efficiency WUE) to identify processes underlying vast oak decline. The presence of mistletoe significantly reduced the Ψ by 1 MPa, and the WUE by 14%. The T and gS of infested oaks were lower by 34% and 38%, respectively, compared to the non-infested oaks, whereas the Asat dropped to 55%. Less pronounced but significant changes were also observed at the level of photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry. Moreover, we identified the differences in C content, which probably reduced stem increment and leaf size of the infested trees. Generally, we can conclude that mistletoe could be a serious threat that jeopardizes the water status and growth of oak stands

Влияние природы углеводородного радикала органических неэлектролитов различных классов на кажущуюся эффективность гидратации их функциональных групп

Large quantities of antimicrobials are used in Swiss veal production. To develop strategies to reduce antimicrobial use, it is important to understand how stakeholders along the veal production chain perceive the current situation and to find the key issues that challenge them about calf health management and antimicrobial use. However, there has been insufficient research into the individual contexts of the supply chain actors, and the central themes that they perceive to enable or limit their actions remain largely unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate the perceptions of the current situation of the Swiss veal production system, in terms of calf health management and antimicrobial use held by industry stakeholders, i.e. dairy farmers, veal producers, traders, slaughterhouse managers, advisors and veterinarians. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 27 respondents and analyzed using content analysis. The results show that stakeholders are aware of the current need to minimize resistance development and the related risks for public health by reducing antimicrobial use. The main reason for high antimicrobial use was nominated as the practice of purchasing calves from many different dairy farms and bringing them together in large groups at a young age, which exposes them to a variety of pathogens that their still developing immune systems are not able to cope with. To prevent and combat infectious diseases which are a frequent consequence of this practice, antimicrobial group treatments are commonly administered, which significantly raises the total amount of antimicrobials used. Group level treatments with antimicrobials were associated directly with the large-scale veal farming system, which uses excess calves from specialized dairy farms, and which the respondents perceive to cause financial pressure and mutual dependencies among participants. In addition, disunity between actors was perceived as a further challenge to find strategies for the reduction of antimicrobial use. The respondents suggested downscaling the production system so that calves can be treated individually but conceded that the current system may be very difficult to change, so also suggested various improvement measures within the existing system. The results of this study provide a basis for further research to investigate possible interventions that could considerably reduce antimicrobial use in veal production