ORGANIZATION OF MONITORING IN THE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS WHEN TRAINING OF SPECIALISTS

Purpose: The problem of the quality of education concerns not only Russia but also the entire world community. Many developed countries are concerned about the current state of education and are trying to improve their quality. One of the leading trends in the modernization of education in Russia is increasing attention to the problem of improving its quality, which requires the development of conceptual approaches to finding ways to solve it. Methodology: In pedagogical terms, the quality of education is considered from two positions: firstly, as the degree of compliance of the educational system with the established requirements and the quality of educational services provided by the educational institution; secondly, as the effectiveness of the educational process that meets the needs of social customers not only in terms of assimilation of a certain amount of knowledge by students, but also the development of their personality, cognitive and creative abilities. Result: The choice of an actual and effective educational program is interesting not only for the consumer but also for the educational organization (institution), as it is a quality program in many sectors of education that affects the competitiveness of the educational organization. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of the Organization of Monitoring in the Quality Management System of the Educational Process when Training of Specialists is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner

Проблемы риск-коммуникации при обеспечении радиационной безопасности: представление о радиации и атомной отрасли в массовом сознании по результатам социологических исследований в Санкт-Петербурге, Ленинградской и Мурманской областях

The study is devoted to a mass reflection of the problems of radiation safety and the functioning of the nuclear industry in the modern Russia. The analysis of the population’s awareness, peculiarities of the perception of radiation risks and the tendencies in the formation of a public assessment of large nuclear projects have been carried out. Materials and Methods: The data were collected during mass surveys of representative samples of the population of two regions located in the Northwest of the Russian Federation: 1) St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region. (2369 respondents, November 2016) and 2) the Murmansk region. (802 respondents May 2017). The results show that radiation is perceived by society as one of the most significant threats to life and health. However, the public concern does not give rise to a mass interest in the thematic information. The real level of knowledge of the population is clearly insufficient for literate actions in an extreme situation, or for the safe behavior in the everyday life. Public opinion is formed mainly on the basis of mass media reports. At the same time, it has been established that groups of the population well informed in the radiation field are much more likely, than others, to support the nuclear industry, including the least popular projects. Conclusion: Therefore, active informing of the population on the issues of the operation of nuclear facilities, the presence of radioactive contamination sites and other sources of danger, etc. objectively contribute to the growth of the industry’s reputation. It is advisable to use social technologies to overcome the cognitive and practical passivity of the Russian citizens and to form the population’s radiation culture. Целью исследования является изучение массовой рефлексии проблем радиационной безопасности и функционирования атомной отрасли в современной России. Выполнен анализ информированности населения, особенностей восприятия им радиационных рисков, тенденций формирования общественной оценки крупных ядерных проектов. Данные собраны в ходе массовых опросов репрезентативных выборок населения двух регионов Северо-Запада РФ – Санкт-Петербурга и Ленинградской области (ноябрь 2016 г., 2369 респондентов) и Мурманской области (май 2017 г., 802 респондента). Результаты показывают, что радиация воспринимается обществом как одна из самых значительных угроз для жизни и здоровья. Однако общественное беспокойство не порождает массовый интерес к тематической информации. Реальный уровень знаний населения явно недостаточен ни для грамотных действий в экстремальной ситуации, ни для безопасного поведения в повседневной жизни. Общественное мнение формируется преимущественно на основе сообщений масс-медиа. В то же время установлено, что хорошо информированные в области радиационной тематики группы населения значительно чаще остальных высказываются в поддержку атомной отрасли, включая и наименее популярные проекты. Заключение: активное информирование населения по вопросам работы атомных объектов, наличия участков радиоактивного загрязнения и других источников опасности и др. объективно способствует росту репутации отрасли. Целесообразно использование социальных технологий для преодоления когнитивной и практической пассивности россиян и формирования радиационной культуры населения.

ПРОБЛЕМЫ АНАЛИТИЧЕСКОГО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ КОММУНИКАЦИИ РИСКОВ: ОБОСНОВАНИЕ ПОДХОДОВ К РАЗРАБОТКЕ ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИХ БАЗ ДАННЫХ ПО ВОПРОСАМ РАДИАЦИОННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ И СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ РИСКОВ

One of the important stages of risk communication is the analysis of publications in traditional media and the Internet, which largely shape people’s attitudes to various issues. At the same time, the availability of large amounts of information relating to any subject area complicates the possibility of manual analysis and adequate description of all of the information. On the other hand, the availability of information causes the urgency of developing methods to improve the effectiveness of its analysis. One way to automate the analysis of large amounts of information is the development of databases or automated information systems containing information materials on the subject matter under study and suggesting the possibility of automated processing. The objective of this work is to analyze the experience of developing such systems and databases by the research teams of the St. Petersburg Institute of Radiation Hygiene and St. Petersburg State University and to identify key features of the use of bases Data for social research. The results of the analysis showed that the methodological approaches used were very close. The analysis is performed according to the method of autoethnographical research. The strategy application of the comparative analysis allows identifying common features characterizing the situation of development and implementation of databases to practice of the risk communication studies. The article discusses the features associated with them, the limitations of the primary data, such as text, discursive nature of most of the materials, information noise, high dependence on context, variability, different structure, format and appearance of materials. The important parameters for solving problems of the qualitative and quantitative analysis are given in the article. An important condition of creating effective, from the point of view of socio-communication studies information system is to implement the processing capabilities of the collected social data available to researchers programs. The requirement for automation of certain functions depends on a high degree of uniqueness of the materials, which is overcome only by the manual pre- and post-processing, which must be considered when designing research programs.Одним из важных этапов риск-коммуникации является анализ публикаций в традиционных средствах массовой информации и сети Интернет, которые в значительной степени формируют отношение людей к различным проблемам. В то же время доступность большого количества информационных материалов, относящихся к любой проблемной области, затрудняет возможности ручного анализа и адекватного описания всего объема информации. С другой стороны, доступность информации обусловливает актуальность разработки методов повышения эффективности ее анализа. Одним из способов автоматизации анализа больших объемов информации является разработка баз данных или автоматизированных информационных систем, содержащих информационные материалы по изучаемой проблематике и предполагающих возможность автоматизированной обработки. Целью данной работы является анализ опыта разработки таких систем и баз данных научными коллективами Санкт-Петербургского научно-исследовательского института радиационной гигиены и Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета и выявление ключевых особенностей применения баз данных для социальных исследований. Результаты проведенного анализа показали, что использованные методические подходы очень близки. Анализ выполнен по методике автоэтнографического исследования. Применение стратегии сравнительного анализа позволяет выявить общие черты, характеризующие ситуацию разработки и внедрения информационных систем и баз данных в практику анализа информационного поля. В статье рассматриваются особенности и связанные с ними ограничения первичных данных, такие как: текстовый, дискурсивный характер большинства материалов, информационный шум, высокая зависимость от контекста, изменчивость, разная структура, формат и вид материалов. Приводятся значимые для решения задач качественного и количественного анализа параметры. Важным условием создания эффективной, с точки зрения социально-коммуникационных исследований информационной системы, является реализация возможности обработки собранных социальных данных с помощью доступных исследователям программ. Требование автоматизации ряда функций упирается в высокую степень уникальности материалов, которая пока преодолевается только ручной пре- и постобработкой, что необходимо учитывать при проектировании исследовательских программ и систем автоматизированной обработки информации

CO2 Uptake and Cyclic Stability of MgO-Based CO2 Sorbents Promoted with Alkali Metal Nitrates and Their Eutectic Mixtures

CO2 capture and storage (CCS) is a technological solution to stabilize or even reduce the atmospheric concentration of the greenhouse gas CO2, to mitigate climate change. In this context, MgO is a promising solid CO2 sorbent, as the energy penalty sorbent regeneration is comparatively small, but it requires the addition of promoters, typically alkali metal nitrates, to yield acceptable kinetics. Under operating conditions, the promoters are in a molten state. The main objectives of this work are (i) to assess experimentally the validity of different reaction mechanisms for the CO2 uptake of promoted MgO that are currently debated in the literature and (ii) to elucidate the processes that lead to sorbent deactivation. Our experimental results support the mechanism in which the dissolution of MgO in the molten nitrate promoter is the rate-limiting step for carbonation. We were able to establish a direct correlation between the solubility of MgO in the promoter and the initial rate of carbonation. In addition, a systematic study of a large number of promoter compositions (mixtures of LiNO3, NaNO3, KNO3) indicate that promoters with a lower melting point exhibit higher CO2 uptakes, presumably due to their lower viscosity and, thus, higher ion mobility at a given temperature. Concerning the cyclic stability of promoted MgO, a decay of its CO2 uptake with number of carbonation/calcination cycles is ascribed only partially to sintering. Instead, the surface migration of the promoter was identified as an at least equally relevant deactivation mechanism. Importantly, it was also found that the CO2 uptake of the deactivated sorbent can be restored to a large extent with a simple hydration step

Organization of monitoring in the quality management system of the educational process when training of specialists

© Sergeeva et al. The problem of the quality of education concerns not only Russia but also the entire world community. Many developed countries are concerned about the current state of education and are trying to improve their quality. One of the leading trends in the modernization of education in Russia is increasing attention to the problem of improving its quality, which requires the development of conceptual approaches to finding ways to solve it. Methodology: In pedagogical terms, the quality of education is considered from two positions: firstly, as the degree of compliance of the educational system with the established requirements and the quality of educational services provided by the educational institution; secondly, as the effectiveness of the educational process that meets the needs of social customers not only in terms of assimilation of a certain amount of knowledge by students, but also the development of their personality, cognitive and creative abilities. Result: The choice of an actual and effective educational program is interesting not only for the consumer but also for the educational organization (institution), as it is a quality program in many sectors of education that affects the competitiveness of the educational organization. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of the Organization of Monitoring in the Quality Management System of the Educational Process when Training of Specialists is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner

Analysis of the structural dynamics in a NaNO3-promoted MgO-based CO2-sorbent during cyclic operation: an in situ time-resolved X-ray powder diffraction study

ISSN:0021-8898ISSN:1662-534XISSN:1662-535

Risk-communication issues in radiation safety: Mass consciousness about radiation and nuclear industry based on the results of a sociological research in St. Petersburg, the Leningrad region and the Murmansk region

The study is devoted to a mass reflection of the problems of radiation safety and the functioning of the nuclear industry in the modern Russia. The analysis of the population’s awareness, peculiarities of the perception of radiation risks and the tendencies in the formation of a public assessment of large nuclear projects have been carried out. Materials and Methods: The data were collected during mass surveys of representative samples of the population of two regions located in the Northwest of the Russian Federation: 1) St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region. (2369 respondents, November 2016) and 2) the Murmansk region. (802 respondents May 2017). The results show that radiation is perceived by society as one of the most significant threats to life and health. However, the public concern does not give rise to a mass interest in the thematic information. The real level of knowledge of the population is clearly insufficient for literate actions in an extreme situation, or for the safe behavior in the everyday life. Public opinion is formed mainly on the basis of mass media reports. At the same time, it has been established that groups of the population well informed in the radiation field are much more likely, than others, to support the nuclear industry, including the least popular projects. Conclusion: Therefore, active informing of the population on the issues of the operation of nuclear facilities, the presence of radioactive contamination sites and other sources of danger, etc. objectively contribute to the growth of the industry’s reputation. It is advisable to use social technologies to overcome the cognitive and practical passivity of the Russian citizens and to form the population’s radiation culture

CO2 Uptake and Cyclic Stability of MgO-Based CO2 Sorbents Promoted with Alkali Metal Nitrates and Their Eutectic Mixtures

ISSN:2574-096

Organization of monitoring in the quality management system of the educational process when training of specialists

© Sergeeva et al. The problem of the quality of education concerns not only Russia but also the entire world community. Many developed countries are concerned about the current state of education and are trying to improve their quality. One of the leading trends in the modernization of education in Russia is increasing attention to the problem of improving its quality, which requires the development of conceptual approaches to finding ways to solve it. Methodology: In pedagogical terms, the quality of education is considered from two positions: firstly, as the degree of compliance of the educational system with the established requirements and the quality of educational services provided by the educational institution; secondly, as the effectiveness of the educational process that meets the needs of social customers not only in terms of assimilation of a certain amount of knowledge by students, but also the development of their personality, cognitive and creative abilities. Result: The choice of an actual and effective educational program is interesting not only for the consumer but also for the educational organization (institution), as it is a quality program in many sectors of education that affects the competitiveness of the educational organization. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of the Organization of Monitoring in the Quality Management System of the Educational Process when Training of Specialists is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner