Un análisis del perfil del cuidador y su impacto sobre la situación laboral: cuidadores principales de enfermos de Alzheimer y otras demencias en el Sur Oeste de España

The aim of this paper is to analyse the main demographic and socio-economic conditions of the primary caregivers of Alzheimer's and dementia sufferers, and their relationship to the employment situation of the caregiver. Material and Methods: Empirical analysis of the data obtained from surveys of 694 primary caregivers of Alzheimer's and dementia sufferers through the Andalusian Associations of Relatives of Alzheimer’s Patients. The sampling procedure was selective non-probabilistic sampling. The SPSS 19 statistical software package was used to process the data. The verification of the hypothesis of independence of variables was performed using the chi square test under the usual parameters. Results: The employment rate of working-age caregivers is much lower than that of the general population, especially in older women with low levels of education who live with the patient. The data revealed that caregiving which takes place in the home represents the main restriction preventing access to the labour market, i.e. living with the patient is an additional handicap, and an even greater one for women. Conclusions: Those who care for dementia patients have greater limitations in accessing the labour market than the rest of the population, and this limitation is significantly greater when care is provided in the home. As such, health and social policy, with a view towards encouraging employment, needs to take into account the option of boosting available resources outside of family care.El objetivo es analizar las principales características demográficas y socio-económicas de los cuidadores principales de enfermos de Alzheimer y otras demencias, y buscar una la relación entre dichas características y su vinculación con el mercado laboral. Material y Métodos: Análisis empírico de los datos obtenidos de 694 encuestas realizadas a cuidadores principales de enfermos de Alzheimer y otras demencias, a través de Asociaciones de familiares de enfermos de Alzheimer andaluzas. El procedimiento de muestreo fue el muestreo no probabilístico selectivo. Para el tratamiento de los datos se ha utilizado el paquete estadístico SPSS 19. El contraste de las hipótesis de independencia de variables se ha realizado con el test de la chi cuadrado bajo los parámetros habituales. Resultados: La tasa de ocupación de los cuidadores en edad laboral es muy inferior a la de la población general, especialmenteen mujeres, de mayor edad, nivel de formación bajo y que conviven con el enfermo. De los datos analizados se revela como principal restricción para el acceso al mercado laboral el modelo de cuidado en casa, es decir, la convivencia con el enfermo es un hándicap adicional, mayor para el colectivo femenino. Conclusiones: Cuidar de un enfermo es una limitación superior respecto a población no cuidadora para el acceso al mercado laboral, y esta limitación es significativamente superior cuando el enfermo se atiende en el domicilio, por lo que de cara a políticas socio-sanitarias con incidencia en el fomento del empleo es necesario considerar la opción de incrementar recursos externos al cuidado familiar

La pintura de iconos: técnicas y procedimientos

Este artículo presenta una breve historia de la pintura de iconos, con un especial foco en la producción medieval rusa. Explora además las distintas técnicas y procedimientos de la pintura de iconos

Machine learning model from a Spanish cohort for prediction of SARS-COV-2 mortality risk and critical patients

Patients affected by SARS-COV-2 have collapsed healthcare systems around the world. Consequently, different challenges arise regarding the prediction of hospital needs, optimization of resources, diagnostic triage tools and patient evolution, as well as tools that allow us to analyze which are the factors that determine the severity of patients. Currently, it is widely accepted that one of the problems since the pandemic appeared was to detect (i) who patients were about to need Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and (ii) who ones were about not overcome the disease. These critical patients collapsed Hospitals to the point that many surgeries around the world had to be cancelled. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to provide a Machine Learning (ML) model that helps us to prevent when a patient is about to be critical. Although we are in the era of data, regarding the SARS-COV-2 patients, there are currently few tools and solutions that help medical professionals to predict the evolution of patients in order to improve their treatment and the needs of critical resources at hospitals. Moreover, most of these tools have been created from small populations and/or Chinese populations, which carries a high risk of bias. In this paper, we present a model, based on ML techniques, based on 5378 Spanish patients’ data from which a quality cohort of 1201 was extracted to train the model. Our model is capable of predicting the probability of death of patients with SARS-COV-2 based on age, sex and comorbidities of the patient. It also allows what-if analysis, with the inclusion of comorbidities that the patient may develop during the SARS-COV-2 infection. For the training of the model, we have followed an agnostic approach. We explored all the active comorbidities during the SARS-COV-2 infection of the patients with the objective that the model weights the effect of each comorbidity on the patient’s evolution according to the data available. The model has been validated by using stratified cross-validation with k = 5 to prevent class imbalance. We obtained robust results, presenting a high hit rate, with 84.16% accuracy, 83.33% sensitivity, and an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.871. The main advantage of our model, in addition to its high success rate, is that it can be used with medical records in order to predict their diagnosis, allowing the critical population to be identified in advance. Furthermore, it uses the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD 9-CM) standard. In this sense, we should also emphasize that those hospitals using other encodings can add an intermediate layer business to business (B2B) with the aim of making transformations to the same international format.This paper has been partially funded by the AETHER-UA (PID2020-112540RB-C43) project by the Ministry of Science and Innovation, the BALLADEER (PROMETEO/2021/088) project by the Conselleria de Innovación, Universidades, Ciencia y Sociedad Digital. Both Jose M. Barrera (I-PI 98/18) and Alejandro Reina (I-PI 13/20) hold an Industrial PhD Grants co-funded by the University of Alicante and the Lucentia Lab Spin-off Company

The NDT Development Process

Web systems are more complex every day. This has produced that the research community poses the neccesity of developing methodological proposals which offer a suitable reference when a web information system is developed. Since the first proposal, HDM, was published [5] a lot of other methodologies have been developed in this environment. This paper presents NDT (Navigational Development Techniques) [3]. This proposal offers a different development process that starts with requirements treatment and allows to get design models using a systematic process

Requisitos de almacenamiento de información e identificación de actores para una biblioteca digital de bienes muebles

Desarrollar una biblioteca digital no es una tarea sencilla. En ella intervienen técnicos y expertos que deben tener una fluida comunicación que permita que el sistema resultante se adecue a las necesidades del usuario. Este trabajo presenta las necesidades de almacenamiento que requiere una biblioteca digital para la gestión del patrimonio mueble andaluz, así como la identificación de los actores que van a interactuar con el sistema. Al final del trabajo se presenta una aproximación metodológica para el desarrollo de sistemas para el tratamiento de bibliotecas digitales que se está elaborando en el contexto del proyecto de investigación MADEIRA(Metodologías y Arquitecturas para la Difusión Electrónica de Información por la Red )Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología Madeira TIC2000-1673-C06-0

Attention to Diversity from Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) is influencing various sectors of society, including the educational field. The use of AI can have great potential in education, however, it is necessary to know both its performance and its limitations. The main objective of this study is to analyze the prompts made by teachers in initial training in relation to the topic of specific educational support needs, classifying them according to Bloom's Taxonomy. For this, 63 students from the first year of the Primary Education Degree in the subject Information and Communication Technology applied to Education participated. The results show that the highest frequency of prompts made by students correspond to the highest levels of Bloom's taxonomy (apply and create), which suggests that students are capable of using the knowledge acquired in the subject to create new learning situations with their future students. This confirms that the implementation of this methodology is beneficial for the development of cognitive and pedagogical skills of future teachers.VI Research and Transfer Plan of the University of Seville (VI PPIT-US)IV Plan Propio de Docencia. Convocatoria de Apoyo a la Coordinación e Innovación Docente (ref. 221) – Convocatoria 2023/2024. Referencia 113

La formación histórica de los estados de excepción

La presente contribución tiene como objetivo justificar la localización del más remoto precedente de nuestro actual derecho de excepción, entendiendo por tal la constitucionalización del sistema de defensa del Estado realizada por la primera norma de 1869. Para ello se extiende en la historia constitucional precedente al hilo del análisis de las muchas vidas de la Ley de 17 de abril de 1821, una norma que, aprobada en las Cortes del Trienio, fungió como Ley de Orden Público hasta 1870; aportando además una valoración crítica del sistema creado por el primer constitucionalismo del SexenioThe aim of this paper is to justify the identification of the most remote precedent of our current law of exception, understood as the constitutionalisation of the mechanism for the protection of the State carried out by the Magna Carta of 1869. In order to do so, it draws from the preceding constitutional history by analysing the many lives of the Law of 17 April 1821, a regulation which was passed by the Cortes of the Trienio and served as the Law of Public Order until 1870; it also provides a critical assessment of the system created by the first constitutionalism of the Sexeni

Clinical protocol of leg length inequality

[Abstract] Objectives: To propose a clinical protocol valid and reliable for the study of the differences in length of lower limb (hereinafter DLMI) scan.Materials and Methods: Literature review in scientific databases, and descriptive study with a total sample of 115 participants: study of different methods of determination and measurement of DLMI.Results: There is no consensus as to the reliability and validity of methods and measurement instruments existing in the literature. It has been proven the reliability of the proposed protocol, according to the results of other authors and the data obtained in our study.Conclusions: The Weber-Barstow maneuver, study with tape measure, PALM® and tablets and pelvic compensation level for clinical determination of DLMI is proposed. The anteroposterior telemetry lower limb load as a complementary test, and the Foot Posture Index (hereinafter FPI) and Navicular Drop Test (hereinafter NDT) for the analysis of the position of the foot[Resumen] Objetivos: Proponer un protocolo clínico de exploración válido y fiable para el estudio de las diferencias de longitud de miembro inferior (en adelante DLMI).Material y método: Revisión bibliográfica en bases de datos científicas, y estudio descriptivo sobre con una muestra total de 115 participantes: estudio de los diferentes métodos de determinación y medición de las DLMI.Resultados: No existe consenso en cuanto a la fiabilidad y validez de los métodos e instrumentos de medida existentes en la bibliografía consultada. Se ha comprobado la fiabilidad del protocolo propuesto, según los resultados de otros autores y por los datos obtenidos en nuestro estudio.Conclusiones: Se propone la maniobra Weber-Barstow, estudio con cinta métrica, PALM® y compensación con tablillas y nivel pélvico para la determinación clínica de las DLMI. La telemetría anteroposterior de miembros inferiores en carga como prueba complementaria, y el Foot Posture Index (en adelante, FPI) y Navicular Drop Test (en adelante, NDT) para el análisis de la posición del pi

Estudio descriptivo de los pacientes asistidos en el servicio de Pie de Riesgo del Área Clínica de Podología de la Universidad de Sevilla

El Área Clínica de Podología de la Universidad de Sevilla cuenta entre sus servicios con la Unidad de Pie de Riesgo. Donde se presta atención podológica integral a pacientes con lesiones podológicas o riesgo de padecerlas por enfermedades sistémicas que comprometen especialmente las funciones neurológicas y vasculares del pie, en especial la Diabetes. En el año 2012 se atendieron en este servicio un total de 117 pacientes. Se realiza un estudio descriptivo longitudinal retrospectivo de los principales datos registrados en las Historias clínicas de estos pacientes. Hay muchas variables que no están registradas en las Historias clínicas. Se propone la utilización de un registro especíi co para este servicio para intentar mejorar el grado de implementación de la Historia clínica.The Podiatry Clinic at the University of Seville among its services with risk foot unit. Where comprehensive podiatric care is provided to patients with podiatric injury or risk of suffering from systemic diseases especially involving neurological and vascular functions of the foot, especially diabetes. In 2012 this service was attended by a total of 117 patients. We performed a descriptive longitudinal retrospective study of the main data recorded in the medical records of these patients. There are many variables that are not recorded in medical records. We propose the use of a specii c register for this service to try to improve the level of implementation of the clinical history