Teachers’ Culturally Responsive Classroom Management Self-Efficacy Scores: Relations to Teacher Expectations and Office Discipline Referrals

Nationwide out-of-school suspension and expulsion rates show historically underserved groups of students leading discipline disproportionality reports (i.e., 1.1 million African-American, 660,000 in special education, 600,000 Latino, and 210,000 ELL students; U. S. Department of Education, Office for Civil Rights, 2018). While Schoolwide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (SWPBIS) effects on racial discipline disproportionality have been promising, they have been insufficient (McIntosh, Girvan, Horner, & Smolkowski, 2014; Vincent & Tobin, 2011), and empirical work studying the interrelation between classroom management, culture, behavior, and teacher decision-making is needed for a cohesive and theoretically sound approach to addressing the racial discipline gap (Gregory & Roberts, 2017; Fallon, O’Keeffe, & Sugai, 2012; McIntosh et al., 2015). The purpose of this study was to explore the extent to which teachers’ perceived classroom management abilities predict racial discipline disproportionality in office disciplinary referrals (ODRs), and how teachers’ behavioral expectations of students mediate racially associated discipline differences. Thirty-three teachers in 28 classrooms completed the Culturally Responsive Classroom Management Self-Efficacy Survey (Siwatu, Putnam, Starker-Glass, & Lewis, 2015), and reported their expectations for all students in their classrooms (N=496) using a modified version of van den Bergh, Denessen, Hornstra, Voeten, and Holland (2010) Teacher Expectation scale. The discipline history of classroom students was measured with ODRs during the 2017-2018 academic year. Using multi-level models, a racial discipline gap was evident for African-American students in comparison to White students. Further, through multi-level models and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression with standardized errors corrected, teachers’ CRCMSE strength index score was not shown to be associated with the racial discipline gap. Additionally, some of the difference between the number of ODRs received by African-American and White peers appears to be due to the distinction in teacher expectations for these students. Findings also support that teacher expectations have a stronger influence on the ODRs received by Latino students in comparison to their White peers. A summary of findings, limitations to this work, contributions to the literature, and possible implication for future research are discussed

Autoantibodies against Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor on Exocrine Glands in Sjögren Syndrome

These investigations demonstrate that serum antibodies against muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR) in primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) and associated Sjögren syndrome (aSS) bind and activate both cholinergic receptors of M3 in salivary gland and M1 in neonatal myocardium and in the cerebral frontal cortex area subtypes; triggering the production of the second messengers and proinflammatory mediators related to mAChR activation. In this way the cholinergic autoantibodies damages these receptors, which thus starts acting as an antigen. On this basis M3 and M1 mAChR IgG can be considered new markers of pSS/aSS allowing the differentiation between dry eye and mouth of autoimmune and non-autoimmune nature. Given that cholinergic autoantibodies also deregulate the parasympathetic system of the target organs, they can also be seen as a new factor contributing to the etiopathology of the syndrome.Fil: Reina, Silvia Lorena. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Borda, Enri Santiago. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Role of M3 Muscarinic Acethylcholine Receptor Antibodies as a New Marker in Primary Sjögren Syndrome

Aims: This paper investigates the presence of M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor autoantibody present in the serum of patients with primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS). Main methods: We detected the levels of M3mAChR peptide IgG, PGE2, IL-1β in serum of SS patients using the enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA). To measure the quantity of nitrite/nitrate, we used Griess reagent system. Key findings: Titres of M3mAChR antibody in sera from SS patients are significantly enhanced compared to healthy subjects (control). The enhancement of these autoantibodies is accompanied by the increase of the levels of PGE2, IL-1β and nitrite/nitrate in serum. Under in vitro conditions, the synthetic human M3 peptide impaires the increment of M3mAChR antibody but not that of nati-Ro/SSA antibody. In positive anti-Ro/SSA antibody patients, the increment of M3mAChR peptide IgG and the measured pro-inflammatory substances is related. Significance: On this basis, anti M3mAChR peptide IgG can be said to act as a modulator of the immune system and to play a role in the host-chronic increment of proinflammatory substances in SS patients with positive Ro/SSA antibody. This association between the antibody and the pathogenesis of SS disease may result in useful predicting SS.Fil: Reina, Silvia Lorena. Universidad Catolica de Las Misiones; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Pisoni, Cecilia. Centro de Educaciones Médicas e Investigación Clínica ; ArgentinaFil: González Arana, Roberto. Centro de Educaciones Médicas e Investigación Clínica ; ArgentinaFil: Ganzinelli, Sabrina Belen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; ArgentinaFil: Borda, Enri Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; Argentin

Depth assisted composition of synthetic and real 3d scenes

In media production, previsualization is an important step. It allows the director and the production crew to see an estimate of the final product during the filmmaking process. This work focuses on a previsualization system for composite shots which involve real and virtual content. It shows the camera operator a correct perspective view of how the real objects in front of him look placed in a virtual space. The aim is to simplify the workflow, reduce production time and allow more direct control of the end result. The real scene is shot with a 3D scene capture device, which combines an RGB color camera with time-of-flight depth camera. The device’s pose is tracked using a motion capture system. Depth-based segmentation is applied to remove the background and content outside the desired volume, the captured geometry is aligned with a stream from the RGB color camera and a dynamic point cloud of the remaining real scene contents is created. The virtual objects are then also transformed into the coordinate space of the tracked camera, and the resulting composite view is rendered accordingly. The prototype camera system is implemented as a self-contained unit with local processing. A prototype system was constructed from a Microsoft Kinect v2, providing depth and color information of the real scene and a Microsoft Surface Pro 3 as a processing and display device. Both instruments were attached to a camera shoulder mount, with optical markers fixed to the body of the camera. The pose of the camera in 3D space is tracked with a Natural Point OptiTrack motion capture system, which streams the location information to the Surface device over a wireless 802.11n channel. At its current state, the system is running at 15 frames per second with a resolution of 1024x768. Subjectively, the frame rate is already smooth enough for the operator to feel as if using a regular camera. Further improvements are targeted in the processing speed and the image quality provided by the system. The image suffers from some depth capture related artifacts which influence the depth segmentation, and therefore adaptive filtering methods based on edge-aware bilateral filtering have been investigated. The tested filtering has improved the quality significantly, while more effort has to be put in implementing the filtering in an efficient way

Anti-M 3 peptide IgG from Sjögren's syndrome triggers apoptosis in A253 cells

Primary Sjögren´s syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune disease that targets salivary and lachrymal glands, characterized by anti-cholinergic autoantibodies directed against the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR). The aim of this work was to evaluate if cholinergic autoantibodies contained in IgG purified from Sjögren sera could trigger apoptosis of A253 cell line. We also determined if caspase-3 and matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3) are involved in the induction of A253 cell death. Our results demonstrated that anti-cholinergic autoantibodies stimulate apoptosis and inositol phosphate (InsP) accumulation accompanied by caspase-3 activation and MMP-3 production. All of these effects were blunted by atropine and J104794, indicating that M3 mAChRs are impacted by the anti-cholinergic autoantibodies. The intracellular pathway leading to autoantibody-induced biological effects involves phospholipase C (PLC), calcium/calmodulin (CaM) and extracellular calcium as demonstrated by treatment with U-73122, W-7, verapamil, BAPTA and BAPTA-AM, all of which blocked the effects of the anti-cholinergic autoantibodies. In conclusion, anti-cholinergic autoantibodies in IgG purified from pSS patient´s sera mediates apoptosis of the A253 cell line in an InsP, caspase-3 and MMP-3 dependent manner.Fil: Reina, Silvia Lorena. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Sterin Borda, Leonor. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; ArgentinaFil: Borda, Enri Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; Argentin

Role of Anti Muscarinic Acetylcholine IgA and anti autoantibodies in whole saliva from Primary Sjögren’s syndrome patients

Aims: The purpose of this report is to describe saliva IgA antibody against M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) and anti-Ro autoantibodies in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS). In addition we want to clarify if this antibody anti-Ro is or not related to the presence of anti-IgA M3 mAChRs autoantibodies in whole saliva of pSS patients. Methods: Whole saliva samples were collected from healthy volunteers (n=30), patients with pSS anti-Ro positive (n=60) and patients with pSS anti-Ro negative (n=30). Saliva IgA patients and healthy subjects were tested by ELISA recognized the synthetic 25-mer peptide corresponding to the extracellular loop of the human M3 mAChRs. Also, concentration of nitrite/nitrate was determined by ELISA. Results: Optical density values for saliva IgA from pSS anti-Ro positive are significantly higher than those from IgA anti-Ro negative patients and IgA from normal subjects. These molecular interactions between IgA and human M3 mAChR synthetic peptide increased in optical density values compared with IgA from pSS anti-Ro negative and healthy subjects when M3 mAChR synthetic peptide was used as coating antigen. The specificity of this reaction was assessed by the ability of the M3 synthetic peptide (1x10-5 M) to inhibit the action when whole saliva was incubated previously with the M3 synthetic peptide for 40 min at 37ºC and then added together in the microtiter plates. On the other hand, the concentration of nitrate/nitrite in whole saliva was significantly decreased in pSS anti-Ro positive patients in comparison with those from IgA anti-Ro negative patients and healthy subjects. Conclusions: Patients presenting in saliva anti IgA anti-Ro positive are statistically significant in optical density values than those IgA from anti-Ro negative patients and healthy individuals. Also, the hypofunction of the salivary glands is associated with significant decrement of nitrate/nitrites levels in the saliva in pSS-Ro positive without any changes in pSS-Ro negative and healthy subjects.Fil: Borda, Enri Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; ArgentinaFil: Reina, Silvia Lorena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; ArgentinaFil: Ganzinelli, Sabrina Belen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; Argentin

Salivary inflammatory mediators and metalloproteinase 3 in patients with chronic severe periodontitis before and after periodontal phase I therapy

The role of IL-1β, PGE2 and MMP-3 in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease is well researched. This study aimed to asses and compared the salivary IL-1β, PGE2 and MMP-3 levels in patients with untreated chronic severe periodontitis and those treated with periodontal phase I therapy and periodontally healthy individuals as controls, in relationship to the presence of salivary anti-β1 IgA.Fil: Reina, Silvia Lorena. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; Argentina;Fil: Hoyos, Fernando. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología; Argentina;Fil: Carranza, Nelson. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología; Argentina;Fil: Borda, Enri Santiago. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; Argentina

Modulation of c-Jun NH2-Terminal (JNK) by Cholinergic Autoantibodies from Patients with Sjögren’s Syndrome

Background: We wanted to determine (via an immunopharmacological approach) whether the c-Jun NH2 terminal kinase (JNK) cascade is phosphorylated in the submandibular gland by carbachol and cholinergic autoantibodies (IgG) present in the sera of patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) by interaction and activation of salivary gland muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). Methods: The JNK, PGE2 and NOS assays were measured in rat sub- mandibular gland with pSS IgG and carbachol alone or in the presence of different blocker agents. Results: pSS IgG- activated M3 mAChRs stimulated JNK phosphorylation whereas the activation of M1 mAChRs by carbachol stimulated JNK phosphorylation involving calcium-activated mechanism. The intracellular pathway leading to pSS IgG-induced biological effects on JNK activity involved activation of protein kinase C (PKC), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzymes. Also, activation of COX-2 and COX-1 by pSS IgG and carbachol-induced PGE2 generation were involved. Conclusion: These results may contribute to better understanding the modulatory role of JNK enzymes by cholinergic autoantibodies from pSS patients acting on mAChR in rat submandibular gland.Fil: Borda, Enri Santiago. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Passafaro, Daniela. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; ArgentinaFil: Reina, Silvia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Sterin Borda, Leonor. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Farmacología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; Argentin

Análisis de ergonomía biométrica, para los galponeros de la granja avícola la concepción

Desarrollar un diagnóstico y estudio de biometría postural a los galponeros del área de crianza de la granja avícola “La Concepción” mediante la utilización de metodologías de evaluación ergonómica, para la identificación de los factores de riesgos ergonómicos, que afecten a su bienestar y salud.El presente trabajo de grado trata sobre la elaboración de un análisis de ergonomía biométrica para los galponeros de la Granja Avícola La Concepción. Para iniciar con la investigación se realizó un diagnostico situacional de la Granja, a través de un análisis cualitativo de identificación de riesgos, que consta de un Check-List para la identificación de riesgos, obteniendo como resultado que el riego ergonómico se encuentra presente en todos los subprocesos de la granja. Luego se aplicó el Cuestionario Nórdico de Inconformidad Corporal que permitió determinar la evidencia de problemas y malestares a nivel musculo esquelético especialmente a nivel dorso-lumbar, caderas y rodillas, mismas que según el cuestionario se manifestaban desde hace algún tiempo y que no habían recibido ningún tipo de atención médica, a partir de ello se determinó la problemática siguiente: ¿Los trabajadores del área de crianza presentan ciertos malestares asociados a las actividades diarias que realizan, provocados principalmente por el levantamiento de carga y posturas forzadas¿ posteriormente se elaboró el levantamiento de subprocesos del proceso de crianza, mediante la observación directa de las actividades y tareas que se realizan dentro de la granja, llegando a determinar ocho sub procesos principales. Una vez establecidos los sub procesos se identificó las actividades con nivel de Riesgo Importante¿ a través de la aplicación de la matriz de estimación cualitativa del riesgo Método Simplificado de Evaluación General de Riesgos del INSHT. La investigación terminó con la realización de un análisis ergonómico utilizando los métodos de evaluación: Guía Técnica de manipulación de cargas del INSHT, que evalúa el levantamiento y transporte manual de cargas y OWAS, que evalúa posturas forzadas. El método Guía Técnica de manipulación de cargas del INSHT tuvo como resultados que el 100% de las actividades evaluadas presentan riesgo NO TOLERABLE, es decir se necesita medidas correctoras para que el riesgo reduzca a TOLERABLE. La actividad más crítica fue el regado de alimento debido a que supera dos de los tres criterios de evaluación propuestos por el método. El método OWAS arrojó como resultado que un 80% de las actividades evaluadas presentan un nivel de Riesgo 3 (posturas con efecto dañino sobre el sistema musculo esquelético). La actividad más crítica es el regado de alimento que presenta posturas con mayor influencia de malestar en los colaboradores de la Granja principalmente en la espalda

Calibration of accelerometers for the measurement of microvibrations

The accelerometers used for the measurement of microvibrations or microgravity applications, such as active control of space structures, attitude control, scientific payloads, or even on-Earth testing of structures at very low-excitation levels, require a dedicated calibration procedure that includes the gravitational effects. Otherwise, on-Earth calibrations can be inaccurate due to the collateral projection of the local gravity onto the sensitive axis. An on-Earth calibration technique for the 107102s amplitude range and 0-100-Hz frequency range is described. Special attention has been given to the modeling of gravitational effects on the response of the calibration device and the accelerometer itself. The sensitivity and resolution tests performed on piezoelectric accelerometers showthe accuracy andthe potential of thistechnique. Typical scale factorun certainty, which hasbeen carefully analyzed, is of the order of 2% at acceleration levels of 10sg