Earnings Effects of Sexual Orientation Revisited: Evidence from the CPS

Objective. To measure the wage premium or penalty associated with sexual orientation of partnered lesbians and gays and to compare these estimates with those produced using smaller sample sizes and alternative definitions of homosexuality. Data Source and Sampling Methods. Data are drawn from the Current Population Survey, produced by the U.S. Census Bureau. Extracting household information from the out-going March rotation provides a sample of 37,000 households interviewed in the years 1995 and 2000. Only workers living with a partner are included in the analysis. Study Design. Following the methodology used by Black et al. (2003), this study uses a Mincerian wage regression to determine the effect of demographic and employment characteristics on earnings. A respondent’s sexual orientation is determined by marital status and whether or not they live with a partner of the same sex. With logged wages as the dependent variable, I estimate the effect of sexual orientation on earnings using an ordinary least squares regression. I run two regressions for each gender: one with controls for occupation and one without. Demographic control variables are: education, potential experience, race/ethnicity, and the region in which the respondent resides. Principal Findings. Not controlling for occupation, gay partnered couples earn more than similar heterosexual married couples, although this effect is stronger for men than for women. Controlling for occupation, being gay still has a positive and significant effect on men’s earnings. Once occupation is added, however, there is a positive effect of being gay on women’s earnings, but this effect is no longer statistically significant. Conclusion. Homosexuals living with a partner earn significantly higher wages than those in heterosexual partnerships. This wage premium diminishes slightly when controlling for a worker’s occupation and remains statistically significant for men. These results are consistent with various hypotheses of the effect of sexual orientation on labor market outcomes. It also suggests that lesbians earn a wage premium because they tend to cluster into higher paying occupations

Competing by Saving Lives: How Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Companies Create Shared Value in Global Health

This report looks at how pharmaceutical and medical device companies can create shared value in global health by addressing unmet health needs in low- and middle-income countries. Companies have already begun to reap business value and are securing competitive advantages in the markets of tomorrow

Elements of mentoring the novice principal

The primary purpose of this study was to explore the characteristics of mentoring relationships and to identify components that can be used in administrative preparation programs. Four major elements of the study included: (1) key beliefs or characteristics of mentors; (2) types of mentors; (3) role and functions of mentors; and (4) benefits of having been mentored;Concepts from a number of research projects were used to create a questionnaire of 37 items. The study involved 157 novice elementary principals who were in their first five years of a principalship. A Likert-type response mode was used for six questions on the key beliefs or characteristics of a mentor, six questions on the types of mentors, and 14 questions on the roles of mentors. Ninety-eight respondents had a mentor and further answered five questions on the benefits of being mentored. The level of significance was established at the.05 level. Of the 157 principals, 15 were from state affiliates of the National Association of Elementary School Principals (NAESP) membership, 67 were from the state of Maine, and 75 were from North Carolina;The key beliefs most important for the novice principal were that a mentor demonstrate effective leadership qualities and that model the principals of learning and reflection. The most important type of mentor found in educational administration was the supportive boss who served in a direct supervisory position over the mentee. The most important role and function the mentor performed was to have open lines of communication through which the protege\u27s concerns could be discussed. The most significant benefit of being mentored was that of developing confidence and competence;Aspirants to school administration who are enrolled in graduate preparation programs that have mentorships were helped to find solutions to complexities, to ambiguities, and to uncertainties found in a principal\u27s work

The Effectiveness of Aquatic Therapy, Robot Assisted Gait Training, and Virtual Reality on Patients with Parkinson\u27s Disease: A Literature Review

Background & Purpose: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects a person’s central nervous system (CNS) as well as dopamine production. Most cases of PD cause the patient to have postural instability, difficulty with ambulation, as well as a resting tremor. Patients diagnosed with PD show a slow decline in overall function and therefore, need to maintain physical activity in order to plateau PD. Traditionally, patients with PD undergo conventional methods of physical therapy (PT) to help plateau their disease. Our literature review looked into the effectiveness of non-traditional methods such as aquatic therapy, robot-assisted gait training (RAGT), and virtual reality (VR). Methods: We started our search in January 2021, using the PubMed database, and found 7,222 articles. Using the combination of “Parkinson’s disease” with the terms “aquatic therapy”, “robot-assisted gait training”, “virtual reality”, “pathophysiology”, “end-effector”, and “stepping time” and narrowed down our articles to 11. As this is a literature review, we would skim the abstracts and then decide from there whether to read the entire article to use it for our research. Results & Discussion: Aquatic therapy, RAGT, and VR are all beneficial to individuals with PD when looking for balance improvement. Conclusion: More research is needed in aquatic therapy, RAGT, and VR when looking into the effectiveness and benefits for individuals with PD and PT should consider treating patients with PD with non-conventional methods if available.https://digitalcommons.misericordia.edu/research_posters2021/1067/thumbnail.jp

The Domestic Face of Globalization: Law\u27s Role in the Integration of Immigrants in the United States

This article applies a global perspective to immigration in the United States, focusing in particular on law’s role in the integration of immigrants into U.S. society. The global perspective illuminates the relationship of immigration to other forms of transnationalism, as well as to the situation of non-immigrant minorities and the working poor. We review the history of immigration law in the United States as well as the main elements of current debate. Drawing on the Constitution’s guarantees of equal protection, as well as the preemption doctrine, we suggest specific ways in which immigration law might optimally evolve in the future. While information and communication technology are not discussed at length in the paper, we suggest the context in which media pluralism is relevant to a multicultural society

Assessment and Treatment of Self-Injurious Behavior in a Dog

Canine acral lick dermatitis (ALD) is the outcome of self-injurious behavior (SIB) characterized by excessive licking and biting most often of the dorsal forelimbs. In this single-subject study, the covert SIB of a ten-year-old Rottweiler/Shepherd mix was assessed to determine the variables controlling the occurrence and maintenance of the behavior. Following the assessment, the efficacy of non-contingent toys, contingent and non-contingent petting, and protective equipment were evaluated to reduce self-injury hypothesized to be maintained by automatic reinforcement. To eliminate the protective equipment (e.g., Elizabethan collar), two methods were investigated to remove the component while maintaining low levels of ALD. The treatment plan successfully reduced, and subsequently ameliorated the dog’s ALD for a year following the intervention. More work is needed to determine the applicability of these methods and to identify additional effective behavioral strategies to treat this, often debilitating, condition in dogs

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