A bacterial protein targets the BAHD1 chromatin complex to stimulate type III interferon response

International audienceIntracellular pathogens such as $Listeria\ monocytogenes$ subvert cellular functions through the interaction of bacterial effectors with host components. Here we found that a secreted listerial virulence factor, LntA, could target the chromatin repressor BAHD1 in the host cell nucleus to activate interferon IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). IFN-$\lambda$ expression was induced in response to infection of epithelial cells with bacteria lacking LntA; however, the BAHD1-chromatin associated complex repressed downstream ISGs. In contrast, in cells infected with $lntA$-expressing bacteria, LntA prevented BAHD1 recruitment to ISGs and stimulated their expression. Murine listeriosis decreased in BAHD1$^{+/-}$ mice or when $lntA$ was constitutively expressed. Thus, the LntA-BAHD1 interplay may modulate IFN-$\lambda$-mediated immune response to control bacterial colonization of the host

Scoring and psychometric properties of the Eye-Drop Satisfaction Questionnaire (EDSQ), an instrument to assess satisfaction and compliance with glaucoma treatment

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The objective of this study was to ascertain the scoring and assess the psychometric properties of the Eye-Drop Satisfaction Questionnaire (EDSQ), a 43-item Patient-Reported Outcome instrument developed to assess patients' satisfaction and compliance with glaucoma treatment.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The EDSQ was administered during an observational, retrospective study to 184 French patients treated for glaucoma. The hypothesized structure, including six dimensions (patient-clinician relationship; patient experience; patient-treatment interaction; apprehension; patient knowledge; travel), was tested by assessing the internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha) and construct-related validity (item convergent and discriminant validity). As unsatisfactory results were demonstrated, another structure was defined using a principal component analysis (PCA) combined with content of items. Psychometric properties of this new structure were assessed. Scores were compared between low, moderate and high compliance profile groups defined using data collected with the Travalert electronic device.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Analyses were performed with the 169 patients who completed at least half of the EDSQ items. The hypothesized structure showed a Cronbach's alpha lower than 0.70 for four dimensions out of six and an overall poor construct-related validity (range of item-scale correlations: 0.00-0.68). The new structure obtained with the PCA included six dimensions: concern about treatment (five items); concern about disease (two items); satisfaction with patient-clinician relationship (five items); positive beliefs (three items); treatment convenience (three items); and self-declared compliance (three items). A score ranging from 0 to 100 was calculated for each dimension, with higher scores indicating more of the attribute referred to in the dimension. Internal consistency reliability was good (Cronbach's alpha greater than 0.70 for five dimensions). The structure offered good construct-related validity (range of item-scale correlations: 0.36-0.82). Ceiling effects of 21% and 49%, were observed for the satisfaction with patient-clinician relationship and self-declared compliance scores. Patients in low compliance profile group reported the lowest score for the satisfaction with patient-clinician relationship, positive beliefs, treatment convenience and self-declared compliance dimensions, and the highest score for the concern about treatment dimension.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The scoring of the EDSQ was developed and the questionnaire proved to have satisfactory psychometric properties. EDSQ scores showed a promising relationship to compliance profiles. The EDSQ could be used in future studies.</p

Prévalence et facteurs prédictifs de l infection à Clostridium difficile au cours des poussées de Maladies Inflammatoires Chroniques Intestinales nécessitant une hospitalisation

PARIS7-Xavier Bichat (751182101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Experimental measurement of portlandite carbonation kinetics with supercritical CO2

International audienceA series of experiments was performed to observe and quantify the reactivity of portlandite with supercritical CO2. The experiments were carried out in a batch reactor under different conditions: pressure of 160 bar, temperatures of 80, 120, and 200 °C, presence or absence of liquid water. Initial reaction rates are proposed, based on two independent techniques: measurements of the advancement of reaction by X-ray diffractometry (i.e. quantification of newly formed mineral assemblage), and monitoring of volume of CO2 injected into the batch reactor to compensate for pressure drop during the experiment (CO2 consumption, exsolution of secondary H2O). The scanning electron microscopy observations show two different behaviours: in the presence of liquid water, the reaction leads to the complete carbonation of the portlandite into calcite. On the other hand, in the absence of a liquid phase, partial carbonation leads to the passivation of the portlandite surface by precipitation of a coating of tiny calcite crystals, and an incomplete weathering reaction of the portlandite

Hepatobiliary MR contrast agent uptake as a predictive biomarker of aggressive features on pathology and reduced recurrence-free survival in resectable hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison with dual-tracer 18F-FDG and 18F-FCH PET/CT

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Multiphase Liver MRI for Identifying the Macrotrabecular-Massive Subtype of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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Impact of Extended Use of Ablation Techniques in Cirrhotic Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis

Background: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the extended use of ablation for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with cirrhosis in an expert ablation center when compared to the non-extended use of ablation in equivalent tertiary care centers. Methods: Consecutive cirrhotic patients with non-metastatic HCC, no prior treatment, and referred to three tertiary care centers between 2012 and 2016 were retrospectively identified. The Bondy group, including all of the patients treated at Jean Verdier Hospital, where the extended use of ablation is routinely performed, was compared to the standard of care (SOC) group, including all of the patients treated at the Beaujon and Mondor Hospitals, using propensity score matching. A cost-effectiveness analysis was carried out from the perspective of French health insurance using a Markov model on a lifetime horizon. Results: 532 patients were matched. The Bondy group led to incremental discounted lifetime effects of 0.8 life-years gained (LYG) (95% confidence interval: 0.4, 1.3) and a decrease in lifetime costs of EUR 7288 (USD 8016) (95% confidence interval: EUR 5730 [USD 6303], EUR 10,620 [USD 11,682]) per patient, compared with the SOC group, resulting in a dominant mean incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). A compliance with the Barcelona Clinic Liver Classification (BCLC) guidelines for earlier stage contributed to the greater part of the ICER. Conclusion: The extended use of ablation in cirrhotic patients with HCC was more effective and less expensive than the non-extended use of the ablation strategy

Circovirus hepatitis infection in heart-lung transplant patient, France

International audienceIn March 2022, a 61-year-old woman in France who had received a heart-lung transplant sought treatment with chronic hepatitis mainly characterized by increased liver enzymes. After ruling out common etiologies, we used metagenomic next-generation sequencing to analyze a liver biopsy sample and identified an unknown species of circovirus, tentatively named human circovirus 1 (HCirV-1). We found no other viral or bacterial sequences. HCirV-1 shared 70% amino acid identity with the closest known viral sequences. The viral genome was undetectable in blood samples from 2017–2019, then became detectable at low levels in September 2020 and peaked at very high titers (10^10 genome copies/mL) in January 2022. In March 2022, we found >10^8 genome copies/g or mL in the liver and blood, concomitant with hepatic cytolysis. We detected HCirV-1 transcripts in 2% of hepatocytes, demonstrating viral replication and supporting the role of HCirV-1 in liver damage