Principals’ Management Techniques for Resolving Disciplinary Problems in Nigerian Public Secondary Schools

This study examined the management techniques of principals for resolving disciplinary problems.  Two research questions and two hypotheses were raised and tested at 0.05 level of significance.  Two hundred randomly selected principals from Delta State constitute the sample.  The questionnaire was the instrument used.  The face and content validity of the instrument was established, and the r-value of 0.70 was obtained using the split half method which measured the internal consistency.   Simple regression and means were the statistical tools used to analyze the data collected.  Results revealed a significant positive relationship between male and female principals’ management techniques for handling disciplinary problems.  It also showed that there is a significant positive relationship between male and female principals’ management techniques and their assessment of students’ behavioural outcomes.  It was recommended that there should be re-orientation by way of counselling to fight against manifested disciplinary problems.  Also, there should be adequate funding.  Teachers should be motivated in order to pay proper attention to the psychological and emotional needs of the students. Keywords:  Principals, Disciplinary problems, Management techniques, Public secondary school, Nigeria

The status of career development in the elementary school as viewed by elementary school counselors of Virginia

Although 1970 has been proclaimed the contennial year of the founding of the public school system in Virginia,1 organized guidance in the elementary schools had its beginning only five years ago.2 During the ensuing years, there has been increased interest in offering more and improved guidance services in the elementary schools of the state. An additional emphasis has been placed on the developmental aspect of guidance, specially trained persons have been employed in some of the elementary schools in Virginia. One of the this developmental aspect of guidance in which there is great concern is career development. Because of the rapidly changing conditions that characterize the world of work, many educators are seeking ways to provide the young child with a vocational awareness which is both relevant and up to date. The basic idea behind the vocational awareness concept is that boys and girls of elementary school age will receive adequate training and experiences to help foster self-knowledge in relation to the world of work. Such experiences should provide these youngsters with an occupational readiness which will enable them to make meaningful occupational choices later in life. Thus, the guidance movement is directing its attention to ways in which the experiences of the elementary school child will affect his ultimate decisions and ability to cope with current and future problems.

Test re-test reliability of the UNC Functional Performance Test

Context. Football is a high risk contact sport in which many injuries are sustained to the lower extremity. Functional screening tests exist for football, but it is unknown if they are specifically used as criteria for return to play. The UNC Functional Performance Test has been used as criteria for return to play but reliability for this test is unknown. Objective . The purpose of this study was to establish reliability for the UNC Functional Performance Test (UNCFPT), a battery of functional skills. Design. This study was conducted as a prospective test re-test design. Setting. One site was used with only one test administrator. Data collection occurred at the athletic facilities on the campus of a division II Mid-Atlantic University. Patients and other participants. A total of 47 participants from a D-II football program were used for this study aged 18--23 (19.77 +/- 1.43 years), mass of 73.48 to 147.87 kg (101.38 +/- 20.08 kg), and a height of 167.6 to 198.1 cm (184.45 +/- 7.62 cm). All participants that volunteered for the study were current players encompassing a variety of position groups and were free of a lower extremity injury within the last six months. Interventions. The participants were asked to complete the UNC Functional Performance Test of which included the shuffle box drill, figure eight test, single leg (SL) hop test for time, carioca test, and SL triple hop for distance. There was an aerobic warm-up period followed by both static and dynamic stretches prior to testing as well as a cool down period upon completion of all tasks. Testing protocol following the warm-up consisted of a demonstration of the task, 50% effort by the subject, a thirty second rest, 75% effort by the subject, two minute break and three maximum trials. Athletes were given thirty seconds of rest between maximal trials and additional thirty seconds before the next task was demonstrated. The examiner documented the maximal attempts in seconds for all tasks except for the SL triple jump of which data was recorded in inches. The procedure remained exactly the same for each week of testing. Data was collected at the site over two separate three week periods. For each testing session, the first week consisted of a training session followed by the second week of data collection and then another data collection a week later. Main outcome measures. The expectations of this study will be that the UNC Functional Performance Test will be a reliable objective functional measure and similar results will be evident throughout Weeks 2 and 3. Results. The individual components of the UNCFPT had excellent ICC and low standard error of measurement (SEM) scores indicating the tasks were reliable and precise. Little variation would exist in the results if the same person repeated the tasks multiple times. The shuffle box drill had an ICC of .933 (.880 to .963, 95% CI) with a SEM of .202. The figure eight had an ICC score of .892 (.806 to .940, 95% CI) with a SEM of .329. The SL hop test had the lowest ICC score of .873 (.772 to .929, 95% CI) with a .211 SEM score. The carioca had an ICC score of .930 (.874 to .961, 95% CI) along with a SEM score of .173. The SL triple hop had the highest ICC score of .956 (.931 to .973, 95% CI) and SEM of 5.975 for the right side and a SEM on the left side of 5.890. Therefore, with these independent ICC and SEM scores, it can be speculated that the UNCFPT as a whole would have an approximate ICC score of .9168 (95% CI) and have a SEM between .173 and 5.975. Due to the fact the tasks had different forms of measure (time and distance), the actual ICC and SEM could not be calculated for the UNCFPT. Conclusion . The UNC Functional Performance Test is a reliable objective functional assessment tool that can be used to aid clinicians in the return to play decision making process. It should not be used alone but should be used in conjunction with other clinical measures such as ROM, anthropometric girth, manual muscle testing and subjective pain ratings. Further research needs to be conducted on the validity of the UNC Functional Performance Test since excellent reliability was established in this study

Improving Students' Ability in Writing Procedure Text by Using Picture to the Second Year Class F Students of SMP N 13 Pontianak

This research is aimed to finding the answers' problems in teaching procedure text using picture to the students through classroom action research and have been done in three cycles. In cycle I, students were difficult to write their ideas into English because there were some unfamiliar words in the text. In cycle I, they were better because they divided into some groups. They were be motivated and paid more attention to the teacher. In the cycle III, the students more interested to the material because they have been met with the words likes lettuce, tomato, cheese, carrot, cucumber, butter, and bread. The researcher taken the average research's' result from student's score in each cycle, with the score; Cycle I was 50.16, higher score is 80 and lower score is 30; cycle II is 62.82, higher score is 85 and lower score is 45; cycle III is 79.22, higher score is 90 and lower score is 65. The result showed that students' ability improved and better in each cycle after they were teaching using a picture in writing procedure text. Key words : students' ability, writing, procedure text, pictur

Biochar From Waste Banana Peels as Growth Promoter for Holy Basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum) And Chili Pepper (Capsicum annuum)

Biochars are porous materials prepared by combustion of biomass under the presence of low oxygen levels. Its application as soil fertilizer has been shown to have positive effects on the plants by increasing the fertility and raising the soil pH, increasing nutrient cycling and moisture holding capacity, improving cation exchange capacity, and reducing the amount of pesticides and nutrients leaching to the surface and ground water (Laird 2008, Speratti 2017). In this study, waste banana peels of the Lakatan variety (Musa x paradisiaca) were pyrolized at temperatures 300, 400, 500 and 700 °C, the resulting basic char were obtained at 4-9% yield. The char from the different pyrolysis conditions were characterized and evaluated as growth promoter for holy basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum) and chili pepper (Capsicum annuum). The results show that the ability of the char to promote growth were found to be beneficial when the pyrolysis temperature of the char is lower (300 – 500 °C) for both plants. Conversely, the soil containing 1 wt% of char was found to be beneficial to the growth of chili compared to the control

Accuracy in Selecting Reconfigurable Web Services

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) provides a flexible framework for service composition. Using standard-based protocols (such as SOAP and WSDL).There are several constraints meant for selecting the right and appropriate service to be designed as reconfigurable dynamic web services. Those constraints leverage to the following factors availability, response time, failure handling and supports dynamic configuration. Our paper presents the way of predicting the service methods which are really necessary for providing as a dynamic web service. Since all the service methods cannot be used as dynamically as it depends upon the number of users really using the service by the service providers