Differential Gene Expression of Human Mast cell Activation Reveals Gene profiles of Innate and Adaptive Immunity.

High-density oligonucleotide microarray is a promising approach for high throughput analysis. It has been extensively used in many areas of biomedical research. Immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated allergic response (type-1 hypersensitivity) is one of the most powerful reactions of the immune system. Tissue Mast Cells (MCs) and circulating basophils are the major effector cells in these reactions. By dissecting the regulatory circuitry of mast cells by analyzing the genome wide effects of antigen stimulation triggered by FcεRI, offers a potential for finding novel genes as ‘targets’ for therapeutic intervention. In this work, we tried to study the gene expression pattern in IgE sensitized and FcεRI cross linked cord blood derived MCs using one of the latest techniques, high density oligonucleotide expression probe array (HG-Focus array, Gene Chip, Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA). Microarray hybridization of RNA from cord blood derived MCs revealed coordinated changes in gene expression in response to IgE stimulation and receptor cross linking at different time points. Among the most prominent findings, we observed 2 to 32-fold increased expression of different transcripts. Real-time PCR confirmed reliability of microarray data. This enabled us to classify and cluster genes by functional families as well as to understand known genes in signaling pathways. These results defined a list of primary candidates for finding novel genes as ‘targets’ for therapeutic intervention

Expression profile of immune response genes in patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) emerged in later February 2003, as a new epidemic form of life-threatening infection caused by a novel coronavirus. However, the immune-pathogenesis of SARS is poorly understood. To understand the host response to this pathogen, we investigated the gene expression profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from SARS patients, and compared with healthy controls. RESULTS: The number of differentially expressed genes was found to be 186 under stringent filtering criteria of microarray data analysis. Several genes were highly up-regulated in patients with SARS, such as, the genes coding for Lactoferrin, S100A9 and Lipocalin 2. The real-time PCR method verified the results of the gene array analysis and showed that those genes that were up-regulated as determined by microarray analysis were also found to be comparatively up-regulated by real-time PCR analysis. CONCLUSIONS: This differential gene expression profiling of PBMCs from patients with SARS strongly suggests that the response of SARS affected patients seems to be mainly an innate inflammatory response, rather than a specific immune response against a viral infection, as we observed a complete lack of cytokine genes usually triggered during a viral infection. Our study shows for the first time how the immune system responds to the SARS infection, and opens new possibilities for designing new diagnostics and treatments for this new life-threatening disease

Expression profile of immune response genes in patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-0

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Expression profile of immune response genes in patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome"</p><p>BMC Immunology 2005;6():2-2.</p><p>Published online 18 Jan 2005</p><p>PMCID:PMC546205.</p><p>Copyright © 2005 Reghunathan et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</p>erent classes of gene expression profiles. Each row represents a separate gene and each column a separate SARS patient. 248 genes have been selected for this analysis which is described in methods. The expression index for each gene (rows) in each sample (column) is indicated by a color code. The color scale ranges from saturated green for log ratios -3.0 and above to saturated red for log ratios 3.0 and above. Red indicates increased gene expression levels, whereas green indicates decreased levels compared with normal samples. . Pie chart showing the percentage distribution of the differentially expressed genes from the PBMCs of 10 SARS patients

Expression profile of immune response genes in patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-1

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Expression profile of immune response genes in patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome"</p><p>BMC Immunology 2005;6():2-2.</p><p>Published online 18 Jan 2005</p><p>PMCID:PMC546205.</p><p>Copyright © 2005 Reghunathan et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.</p> and from 5 influenza virus infected patients (Influenza). Total RNA was extracted from all the samples and Light-Cycler Real-Time PCR was performed. The concentrations of these genes mRNA were calculated using respective standard curves. Lactoferrin expression (LTF); Lipocalin expression (Lipocalin); S100P expression (S100P); FCGR3A expression (FCGR3A); TLR2 expression (TLR2); Interferon Alpha expression (IFNa); Interferon Beta expression (IFNb); Interleukin 12-p40 expression (IL-12); Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha expression (TNFa); and GAPDH expression (GAPDH). Results are expressed as average ± SD of gene expression for each group (control n = 4; SARS n = 10; and influenza n = 5)

Epstein-Barr virus-associated T/natural killer-cell lymphoproliferative disorder in children and young adults has similar molecular signature to extranodal nasal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma but shows distinctive stem cell-like phenotype

10.3109/10428194.2014.983099LEUKEMIA & LYMPHOMA5682408-2415UNITED KINGDO

Differential signal transduction, membrane trafficking, and immune effector functions mediated by Fc&#947;RI versus Fc&#947;RIIa

Receptors for the fragment crystallizable region of immunoglobulin-G (FcγRs) play an important role in linking the humoral and cellular arms of the immune response. In this study, we present a comprehensive functional comparison of 2 human Fc-receptors, FcγRI and FcγRIIa. Activation of FcγRI results in a novel signaling cascade that links phospholipase D1 to sphingosine kinase-1 in U937 cells and primary human monocytes. This induces the expression of proinflammatory mediators and is associated with trafficking of immune complexes into human leukocyte antigen-DM positive antigen-processing compartments coupled with improved MHC class II–mediated antigen presentation to T lymphocytes. In contrast, activation of FcγRIIa elicits signaling through phospholipase Cγ1, resulting in increases in intracellular calcium, activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidative burst, and differential membrane trafficking combined with impaired antigen presentation and proinflammatory cytokine expression. These data provide a mechanistic insight into the disparate activities associated with Fc receptors in immunity, namely, reinforcement of immune responses through stimulation of proinflammatory signaling and antigen presentation, versus the maintenance of immunologic homeostasis through the noninflammatory clearance of immune complexes