THE DEITY BꝪPEF (Y) IN ANCIENT EGYPTIAN RELIGION

المعبود بابف(ى) فى الديانة المصرية القديمة [Ar] تهدف هذه الورقة البحثية إلى جمع المعلومات المتاحة الخاصة بالإله بابف(ى) لتحديد الشخصية الحقيقية لهذا الإله الذى كان واحدًا من الآلهة الثانوية وكان نادر الظهور سواء فى النصوص أو المناظر على الرغم من وجود كاهنات له، مما يشير إلى وجود تأثير له فى المجال الديني. هذه الورقة هى ايضًا محاولة لتحليل الأشكال المختلفة لاسمه ودلالتها، وايضًا تحليل دوره فى الديانة المصرية القديمة من خلال إشارات فى نصوص الأهرام، نصوص التوابيت، الكتب الدينية ومختلف النصوص التى ذُكر فيها الإله، بالإضافة إلى الكاهنات اللاتى ارتبطن بخدمته. [En] The present paper aims to collect the available information concerning the deity Bapef (y) to determine the real character of this minor deity who was rarely attested in texts and scenes although his clergy has been documented which means that he had an impact on the religious sphere. This paper also attempts to collect and analyze the various forms of his name and its significance, and to analyze the role of Bapef (y) in Ancient Egyptian religion through indications in the Pyramid texts, Coffin texts and the individuals\u27 monuments, religious books and various texts where the deity is mentioned

Investigation and ranking antiscalants and biocides in a new monitoring system for reverse osmosis desalination and benchmarking results to the conventional system

Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes are growing to be the dominant technology for water purification applications. However, fouling is the primary obstacle affecting the RO technologies, and it forces the operator to apply higher operating pressure and use more cleaning chemicals. Therefore, the membrane research major objective is to develop complementary approaches to control fouling based on the development of effective antiscalants and biocides to control fouling and biofouling. Moreover, useful tools for quantitative online monitoring of fouling at early stages and evaluation of cleaning steps. The three experimental research chapters in this thesis are covering the two approaches. Three antiscalants were assessed in Chapter 7 to investigate the promotion of the RO recovery percentage despite the high saturation indices of feed water. The study was carried out on a model reject brine solution. Two cross-flow RO membrane units were utilised in the test. The scaling experiments were carried by circulating the feed solution through membrane modules for 90 hours in a total recycle mode at a flow rate of 48 L/h, the temperature was kept between 20 to 25 oC, and the operating pressure was controlled at 10 bars. The assessment was based on the normalised permeate flux decline and the normalised pressure drop in the absence of antiscalant dose and (2, 10 and 20 mg/L antiscalant doses). Additionally, at the end of each scaling run, membrane autopsies were carried out on a fouled membrane to provide a quantitative and quantified analysis. Two biocides were evaluated in chapter 8. The study was focusing on simulating biofouling accumulation in the cross-flow RO filtration units by utilising fresh bacterial inoculum and nutrients and exposing the system to biocide dose for cleaning. The feed water was recirculated through the system at flow rate 18 L/h in a total recycle mode for two weeks. The tank temperature was kept at 40 oC to keep the bacteria growing. The operating pressure was controlled at 10 bars. The biocide was added stepwise when the permeate flux dropped by 10-15 % of initial values. The permeate flux and normalised pressure drop were continuously monitored to verify the ability of biocide to control biofouling on RO membrane. At the end of the test, the membrane coupons were examined to determine the effect of biocide on the biofilm accumulation. The research objective of chapter 9 was to develop a prototype for real-time monitoring membrane fouling. The primary aims were to verify the device accuracy for detecting fouling of the spacer grids and membrane surface in the early phase, the device response to chemical addition (Biocide and Antiscalants), and its capability to classify and distinguish between biofouling and fouling

Quantum Dot Infrared Photodetector Fabricated by Pulsed Laser Deposition Technique

Pulsed laser deposition is used to fabricate multilayered Ge quantum-dot photodetector on Si(100). Growth was studied by reflection high-energy electron diffraction and atomic force microscopy. The difference in the current values in dark and illumination conditions was used to measure the device sensitivity to radiation. Spectral responsivity measurements reveal a peak around 2 μm, with responsity that increases three orders of magnitude as bias increases from 0.5 to 3.5 V

Assessment of Neurocognitive Functions in Children Treated for Cancer

Background: About eight percent of adults and children who receive a cancer diagnosis today are projected to live at least 5 years thanks to advancements in pediatric cancer therapy over the last several decades. More than half a million people will have survived childhood cancer by 2020, according to current estimates. Objective: To evaluate the association between childhood cancer, antineoplastic treatment and neurocognitive dysfunction.Patients and Methods: In the Pediatrics Department of the Faculty of Medicine at Zagazig University, a case control study was undertaken on 25 cancer patients who had completed their treatment and on 25 healthy children between August 2020 and July 2021. Children of both sexes, aged 5-15, were enrolled in the study. Results: In terms of full and performance intelligence quotient (IQ) scale, there was statistically significant difference between the groups (much higher in the control group), but the verbal scale did not differ statistically between the groups. Regarding verbal IQ, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups examined. However, there were no significant differences in IQ subtests for information, vocabulary, arithmetic, comprehension, picture completion, mazes or block design between groups. Control group was significantly higher as regard similarity and geometric design. Conclusions: Neurocognitive function is affected in cancer survivors of children as there is statistically significant difference between the studied groups regarding full, and performance IQ scale (significantly higher in control group) but verbal scale was not statistically different between the groups

Phenotyping and Molecular Characterization of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases among Clinical Isolates of Gram-Negative Bacilli in Arar Tertiary Care Hospital, Saudi Arabia

Objectives: The emergence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in drug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli isolates in critically ill patients is posing a serious threat. Lack of data on the prevalence of drugresistant Gram-negative bacilli with respect to enzymes responsible for drug resistance in the tertiary care hospital at Arar necessitated this study.Methods: All the Gram-negative bacilli isolated from clinical specimens were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing. Drug-resistant organisms were screened for the presence of ESBLs, and confirmed by phenotypic methods. Molecular characterizations of these organisms were performed by conventionalPCR to identify the ESBLs genes.Results: A total of 3711 specimens were processed over a period of one year and 428 Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) were isolated. Out of 428 GNB, 91 (21.2%) were ESBL producers which include Escherichia coli (46), Klebsiella pneumoniae (33), Proteus mirabilis (11), and Klebsiella oxytoca(1). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for ceftazidime and ceftazidime plus clavulanic acid for all the ESBL (91) isolates were >16 μg/mL and 32 μg/mL and <0.25 to 0.5 μg/mL respectively. CTX gene 44(48.3%), was predominant among all ESBL producers; next to it was SHV 15(16.5%) and TEM 2(2.2%), and 30(32.9%) isolates had all the three genes (CTX, SHV, and TEM).Conclusion: The findings in our study revealed the higher prevalence of ESBL in the community. Surveillance of antibiotic resistance with respect to ESBLs will provide a platform for framing antibiotic policy

The occurrence and significance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from some meat products in Sohag city.

Contamination of meat and meat products with pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms is one of the most important challenges facing the meat industry that results in a range of human health problems and economic losses. This work aimed to identify the occurrence of Pseudomonas spp. especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) in some processed and ready-to-eat meat products in Sohag governorate. A total of 200 random meat product samples; minced beef meat, luncheon, burger, and sausage (50 of each) were purchased from different markets in Sohag governorate, Egypt over a period of 12 months from November 2020 to October 2021. Pseudomonas spp. was suspected in 32 (15%) of the meat products examined samples using the colony morphology on Cetrimide agar, represented as follows; 30%, 18%, 6%, and 10% in minced beef meat, luncheon burger, and sausage, respectively. Using the morphological and biochemical methods, P. aeruginosa was suspected in 12 isolates (37.5%) with an incidence of 12/200 (6%) of the total examined samples. The PCR results revealed that only 8/12 (66.7%) of the suspected isolates encoded the 16S rDNA gene of P. aeruginosa with an incidence of 4% of the total examined samples, 4 (50%) of which were detected in the minced beef meat samples, 2 (25%) in the sausage samples while in the luncheon and burger P. aeruginosa was identified in only 1 sample (12.5%) for each

Optimizing diagnostic imaging data using LI-RADS and the Likert scale in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Purpose: The study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS), which incorporates fixed criteria, and the Likert scale (LS), which mainly depends on an overall impression in liver lesion diagnosis. Material and methods: Diagnostic data of 110 hepatic nodules in 103 high-risk patients for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were included. Data including diameter, arterial hyperenhancement, washout, and capsule were reviewed by 2 readers using LI-RADS and LS (range, score 1-5). Inter-reader agreement (IRA), intraclass agreement (ICA), and diagnostic performance were determined by Fleiss, Cohen's k, and logistic regression, respectively. Results: There were 53 triphasic enhanced computed tomography (CT) and 50 dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) examinations. Overall, IRA was excellent (k = 0.898). IRA was good for arterial hyperenhancement (k = 0.705), washout (k = 0.763), and capsule (k = 0.771) and excellent for diameter (k = 0.981) and tumour embolus (k = 0.927). Overall, ICA between LI-RADS and LS was fair 0.32; ICA was good for scores of 1 (k = 0.682), fair for scores of 2 (k = 0.36), moderate for scores of 5 (k = 0.52), but no agreement was found for scores of 3 (k = –0.059) and 4 (k = –0.022). LIRADS produced relatively high accuracy (87.3% vs. 80%), relatively low sensitivity (84.3% vs. 98%), and significantly higher specificity (89.83% vs. 64.4%) and positive likelihood ratio (+LR: 8.29 vs. 2.75) compared to LS approach. Conclusions: LI-RADS revealed higher diagnostic accuracy as compared to LS with statistical proof higher specificity and +LR showing its ability to foretell malignancy in high-risk patients. We recommend the practical application of the LI-RADS system in the detection and treatment response monitoring of patients with HCC

A prospective study correlating fluid balance and outcome in critically ill patients

Background: Fluid administration can be lifesaving as fluid accumulation after initial resuscitation and stabilization of hemodynamics can lead to avoidable adverse effects and less favorable outcomes.Objective: The aim of the work was to evaluate whether even fluid balance in comparison to negative or even fluid status is correlated with increased morbidity and mortality rates in critically ill patients.Patients and Methods: An observational prospective study was done on 145 patients older than eighteen years, admitted to the general intensive care (Medical &amp; Surgical ICU) units in Helwan University Hospitals and Ain Shams University Hospitals during the period from November 2020 till May 2021.Results: One hundred twenty-four patients (85.5%) who survived, having the median cumulative fluid balance of -110ml (IQR-2.1 – 2.2L) after four days following randomization while the median cumulative fluid balance of the 21 patients (14.5%) who didn’t survive was 3800 ml (IQR 1.7-5.2L), after four days of ICU admission. Fluid balance more than 1.2 liters per day in our study had higher ICU complications: Increased risk of AKI, longer ICU and hospital stays, mechanical ventilation and fluid balance was an independent factor associated with increased mortality.Conclusion: It could be concluded that negative fluid balance for 4 days in critically ill patients was associated with less length of stay in the general ICU, and less mechanical ventilation duration, while positive fluid balance, leads to higher mechanical ventilation duration, vasopressors requirements, and significantly associated with higher mortality

Prevalence of Sexual Long COVID (SLC) in Egypt: A Single Institute Study

Objectives: we conducted a cross section study to assess the prevalence and severity of ED among COVID-19 survivors presenting to andrology outpatients’ clinics, Kasr AlAiny hospital, faculty of medicine, Cairo university. Materials and Methods: a total of 1000 COVID-19 survivors were screened for ED using validated Arabic version of the international index of erectile function (ArIIEF-5) during the period between Jan 2022 till Jan 2023. All patients were previously diagnosed with positive PCR for COVID-19 infection at least 3 months before the time of data collection.&nbsp;&nbsp; Result: we found that the prevalence of ED among COVID-19 survivors were 11.4%, mild ED in 7%, moderate in 3.2% and severe ED in 1.2%, severity of ED was not associated with demographic, clinical, laboratory and penile duplex characteristics. Conclusion: severity of ED among COVID-19 survivors showed no statistically significant association with demographics, depression, anxiety, penile duplex findings and hormonal disturbances

Performance Analysis of YOLO-based Architectures for Vehicle Detection from Traffic Images in Bangladesh

The task of locating and classifying different types of vehicles has become a vital element in numerous applications of automation and intelligent systems ranging from traffic surveillance to vehicle identification and many more. In recent times, Deep Learning models have been dominating the field of vehicle detection. Yet, Bangladeshi vehicle detection has remained a relatively unexplored area. One of the main goals of vehicle detection is its real-time application, where `You Only Look Once' (YOLO) models have proven to be the most effective architecture. In this work, intending to find the best-suited YOLO architecture for fast and accurate vehicle detection from traffic images in Bangladesh, we have conducted a performance analysis of different variants of the YOLO-based architectures such as YOLOV3, YOLOV5s, and YOLOV5x. The models were trained on a dataset containing 7390 images belonging to 21 types of vehicles comprising samples from the DhakaAI dataset, the Poribohon-BD dataset, and our self-collected images. After thorough quantitative and qualitative analysis, we found the YOLOV5x variant to be the best-suited model, performing better than YOLOv3 and YOLOv5s models respectively by 7 & 4 percent in mAP, and 12 & 8.5 percent in terms of Accuracy.Comment: Accepted in 25th ICCIT (6 pages, 5 figures, 1 table