Inclusive Education: Need, Challenges and Strategies

Inclusive Education allows different and diverse students learn in the same class room. Inclusive education values the diversity and appreciates the unique contributions of each student. In inclusive education Every child feels safe and has a sense of belonging in truly inclusive setting. Inclusive system aims mainly to provide better quality education for all children without any barrier or exclusion including those who may be potentially marginalized due to disability, giftedness, migrants, poverty, gender, emotional or behavioural problems, family background etc. At present more and more efforts have been made in order to enhance inclusive education. Now it becomes important to investigate the issues making obstacles in the field of inclusive education. It is necessary to think about needs and challenges for achieving the goal of inclusive education along with the ways to create an inclusive environment to meet the needs of all children including children with disabilities. This paper discusses in detail the need, challenges and strategies to face challenges in inclusive education

In Vitro Anti-microbial effect of various extracts of Ġokṣura (Tribulus terrestris) fruits on common pathogens causing Urinary Tract Infection

Introduction: The present study was carried out with an objective to investigate the antimicrobial potentials of various extracts of Gokṣura (Tribulus terrestris Linn.) fruits on common uropathogen strains. Material and Methods: Aqueous, ethanol, chloroform, petroleum ether extracts of fruits of Tribulus terrestris were evaluated for potential antimicrobial activity against certain uropathogen strains. The antimicrobial activity was determined in the extracts using agar well diffusion method. The antibacterial activities of extracts (5%, 10% and 15% w/v) of Tribulus terrestris were tested against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumonia and Enterococcus faecalis.   Zone of inhibition of extracts were compared with that of standard drug Azithromycin 1 % w/v (Positive control) and DMSO(Negative control) for antibacterial activity. Observations and Results: Inhibition of the bacterial growth was shown against the tested organisms in all extracts but ethanol extract at 15% concentration showed highest activity against all pathogens. The phytochemical analyses of the plants were also carried out which was found to be similar to standard values of API. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that Tribulus terrestris possesses significant antibacterial activity against common uropathogens

Identification of novel inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis L-aspartate a-decarboxyalse (ADC)

Ph.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPH

Critical analysis of etiological factors of Thyroid Disorders in Ayurveda

Thyroid disease is a global health problem that can substantially impact well-being, particularly in pregnancy and childhood. WHO says that, diseases of the thyroid gland are among the most abundant endocrine disorders worldwide second only to diabetes mellitus. The prevalence in men is about one tenth of that in women. Indian statistics shows that 42 million people suffer from thyroid diseases per year. Hyper-and hypothyroidism may be due to diseases of thyroid gland, secondary to malfunction of the pituitary gland, or, tertiary to malfunction in the hypothalamus. Goitre or active thyroid nodules may occur endemic in some areas due to dietary iodine deficiency, with a prevalence of up to 15%. In Ayurveda thyroid disorders can be understand with the concept of Agni Vaishamyata and Galaganda /Gandamala. Various etiological factors highlighted in classical texts like Ati Sevana of Madhura Rasa, Mithyahara Vihar, Vishamasana & pathogenesis like Kaphaja Nanatmaja Vikara, increased Vata and Kapha leads to Medo Dhatu accumulation in Galapradesha leading Galaganda. So, analysing different etiologies & pathogenesis critically with the help of various ayurvedic classics to justify etiopathogenesis of Thyroid Disorders in Ayurveda

Intuitionistic Fuzzy Soft Set Theory and Its Application in Medical Diagnosis

For finding coherent and logical solution to various real life problems containing uncertainty, impreciseness and vagueness, fuzzy soft set theory is gaining importance. Later on a theoretical study of the intuitionistic fuzzy soft set was developed. The combination of intuitionistic fuzzy set and intuitionistic fuzzy soft set are more useful for application point of view in the field wherever uncertainty due to vagueness appear in more complex form. In the present communication the concepts of fuzzy soft set and Intuitionistic fuzzy soft Set are defined as hybridization of fuzzy set and soft set theory. A new method of application of intuitionistic fuzzy soft set is studied in Medical Diagnosis following Sanchez’s approach. A hypothetical case study is also discussed in brief using the proposed method

A Scientific Approach to Incorporate the Fundamentals of Ayurveda in our Daily Routine

Ayurveda, the science of life and longevity has a history as long as a human civilization and even beyond. Ayurveda was perfected by astute minds and adept hands and is aimed at the physical, mental and spiritual well being of human beings. This is one of the great gifts of the sages of ancient India to mankind and is accepted as the oldest scientific medical system, with a long record of clinical experience. This is the original contribution of India (Bharatha) to the world and treats man as a whole-which is a combination of body, mind and soul. Primary aim of Ayurveda is to promote positive health in people and minimize the occurrence of disease. Ayurveda principles were relevant about 3000 years ago which holds good even today. The present study deals with the advantages to involve the principles of ayurveda into daily life that can make one’s life significantly more fulfilling and meaningful

A Comparative study of the Efficacy of Ayapatra Pralipta Pippali and Plihari Vati in Iron Deficiency Anemia

Iron deficiency anemia is the most prevalent nutritional disorder in India. It can be effectively treated in line of treatment of pandu. The study was carried out to compare the efficacy of ayapatra pralipta pippali and plihari vati in iron deficiency anemia. In this randomized control study, a total of 60 patients fulfilling the assessment and inclusion criteria were included and the trial was done for a duration of 30 days. It showed highly significant result in subjective parameters like panduta, aruci, daurbalya etc and also showed an improvement in lab parameters like Hb%, RBC count, MCV, MCH etc. This effect can be attributed to the properties of the ingredients of the trial drug such as deepana, balya, rasayana etc

Chemoinformatic Identification of Novel Inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis L-aspartate α-decarboxylase

L-Aspartate α-decarboxylase (ADC) belongs to a class of pyruvoyl dependent enzymes and catalyzes the conversion of aspartate to β-alanine in the pantothenate pathway, which is critical for the growth of several micro-organisms, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Its presence only in micro-organisms, fungi and plants and its absence in animals, particularly human, make it a promising drug target. We have followed a chemoinformatics-based approach to identify potential drug-like inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis L-aspartate α-decarboxylase (MtbADC). The structure-based high throughput virtual screening (HTVS) mode of the Glide program was used to screen 333,761 molecules of the Maybridge, National Cancer Institute (NCI) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drugs databases. Ligands were rejected if they cross-reacted with S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) decarboxylase, a human pyruvoyl dependent enzyme. The lead molecules were further analyzed for physicochemical and pharmacokinetic parameters, based on Lipinski's rule of five, and ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity) properties. This analysis resulted in eight small potential drug-like inhibitors that are in agreement with the binding poses of the crystallographic ADC:fumarate and ADC:isoasparagine complex structures and whose backbone scaffolds seem to be suitable for further experimental studies in therapeutic development against tuberculosis

Validation of Drug-Like Inhibitors against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis L-Aspartate α-Decarboxylase Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR)

10.1371/journal.pone.0045947PLoS ONE79

Traditional knowledge for dairy animals in Una district of Himachal Pradesh

Traditional knowledge (TK), also known as indigenous knowledge (IK) or local knowledge (LK) generally refers to the matured long-standing traditions and practices of certain regional, indigenous, or local communities. India stands at number 1 in milk production as dairy master across the world. However, due to large number of animal population, distant/remote location, shortage of veterinary staff, some time, veterinary aids are not available to the farmers. In such instances, it is the traditional knowledge of the people which guides them to mitigate the sufferings of the animals. In this article, some of the ITKs are described based on oral communication with the people