Body composition and somatotype in professional men's handball according to playing positions

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en 19 jugadores profesionales del Club Balonmano Valladolid. Las mediciones antropométricas fueron realizadas según el protocolo estándar. Se estimaron la masa grasa y ósea, se calculó el somatotipo y se analizaron las diferencias entre las variables en función de la posición. Como resultados, se obtuvo que los pivotes fueron los jugadores más pesados (con mayor porcentaje de masa grasa); los extremos, los más ligeros y los laterales, junto con los pivotes, los más altos. No se observaron diferencias en el IMC en los grupos. En la somatocarta los centrales y laterales se situaron en la zona central; los extremos y los pivotes en la endomorfa-mesomorfa y los porteros en la ecto-endomorfa. Así se evidenció que las variables antropométricas, los datos de composición corporal y la somatocarta de los deportistas confirman las características morfológicas básicas de los jugadores para la posición para la que son más aptosA cross-sectional descriptive study was accomplished in 19 professional players from Valladolid Handball Club. Anthropometric measurements were performed according to standard protocol. Body fat and bone mass were estimated, and the somatotype was calculated. As results, the line players were significantly the heaviest players; the wings were lightest and the backs, with the line players, the tallest. Nevertheless, no significant differences in BMI were observed. Regarding the body composition, the line players showed the highest values of fat-mass. No differences in BMI were observed in the groups. With respect to the somatochart, the center backs and backs were in the central area; wings and line players showed an endomorph-mesomorph development, and goalkeepers were in the ectoendomorph area. As conclusions, anthropometric variables, body composition data and the somatochart of the athletes evaluated confirm the basic morphological characteristics of the players for the position for which they are best suite

CIBERER : Spanish national network for research on rare diseases: A highly productive collaborative initiative

Altres ajuts: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.CIBER (Center for Biomedical Network Research; Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red) is a public national consortium created in 2006 under the umbrella of the Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII). This innovative research structure comprises 11 different specific areas dedicated to the main public health priorities in the National Health System. CIBERER, the thematic area of CIBER focused on rare diseases (RDs) currently consists of 75 research groups belonging to universities, research centers, and hospitals of the entire country. CIBERER's mission is to be a center prioritizing and favoring collaboration and cooperation between biomedical and clinical research groups, with special emphasis on the aspects of genetic, molecular, biochemical, and cellular research of RDs. This research is the basis for providing new tools for the diagnosis and therapy of low-prevalence diseases, in line with the International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC) objectives, thus favoring translational research between the scientific environment of the laboratory and the clinical setting of health centers. In this article, we intend to review CIBERER's 15-year journey and summarize the main results obtained in terms of internationalization, scientific production, contributions toward the discovery of new therapies and novel genes associated to diseases, cooperation with patients' associations and many other topics related to RD research

Increased resting energy expenditure by fat-free mass in children and teenagers with constitutional leanness Incremento del gasto energético en reposo por masa libre de grasa en niños y adolescentes con delgadez constitucional

Background/objectives: To compare the resting energy expenditure (REE) and the REE/Fat-free-mass (FFM) quotient in children with constitutional leanness (CL) and children with normal body weight, and to describe the within-family clustering of CL. Subjects/methods: We have studied 18 children and teenagers with CL, 10 girls and 8 boys, and 18 gender and age matched normal controls, with the same pubertal stage. All were recruited from the outpatient pediatric clinic nutrition unit. None of the children with CL showed symptoms of chronic illness, they had normal laboratory results, they had a normal caloric food intake, and they did not agree with the DSM-IV-TR criteria for anorexia nervosa. We describe the body mass index (BMI) of children and their parents. The children were classified according to Cole's recently published BMI cut-offs for thinness: under 18.5 points in CL group, stable at least in the last year, and between 18.5 and 25 cutt-offs in the control group. The body composition was calculated by anthropometric methods (skinfold thickness measurements). In addition REE was measured using fasting indirect calorimetry. Results: The CL group had a higher mean percentage of FFM, and a mean FM significantly less, relative to controls (p Objetivos: Comparar el gasto energético en reposo (GER) y el cociente GER/masa libre de grasa (MLG) entre niños con delgadez constitucional (CL) y niños con peso normal, y describir la agregación familiar de la DC. Material y métodos: Hemos estudiados 18 niños y adolescentes con DC, 10 niñas y 8 niños, y 18 controles pareados con aquellos por edad, sexo y mismo estadio puberal. Todos fueron captados en la consulta externa de la Unidad de Nutrición clinica infantil. Ninguno de los niños con DC mostraba sintomas de enfermedad crónica, todos presentaban hallazgos de laboratorio normales, tuvieron una ingesta calórica normal, y no cumplieron en ningún caso criterios de anorexia nerviosa según la DSM-IV-TR. Se describe el indice de masa corporal (IMC) de los niños y de sus padres. Los niños fueron clasificados según los puntos de corte de IMC para definición de delgadez recientemente publicados por Cole: inferior al punto 18.5 en el grupo de DC, estable durante al menos un año, y entre los puntos de corte 18.5 y 25 en el grupo control. La composición corporal fue calculada por métodos antropométricos (medida de pliegues cutáneos). Además, el GER fue determinado mediante calorimetria indirecta en ayunas. Resultados: El grupo de DC tuvo un porcentaje de MLG medio mayor, y una masa grasa (MG) media significativamente menor, en relación con los controles (p < 0,001). El GER absoluto medio fue significativamente más bajo en el grupo con DC (1.106,5 &plusmn; 240,72 kcal) que en el grupo control (1.353,3 &plusmn; 270,01 kcal/dia) (p < 0,01). Sin embargo, el GER ajustado por MLG mostró una media significativamente mayor en el grupo de DC (41,39 &plusmn; 2,26 kcal/kg MLG) (Intervalo de confianza (IC) de la media al 95%: 40,33-42,45) que en los controles (37,37 &plusmn; 3.06 kcal/kg MLG) (CI 95%: 35,93-38,81) (p < 0,001). Finalmente, en el estudio familiar, el IMC medio de los padres del grupo con DC fue significativamente más bajo (p < 0,01), pero no hubo ninguna diferencia entre el IMC de las madres. Entre los padres con IMC conocido, 8/35 padres del grupo con DC presentaron un IMC menor de 18,5, por sólo 2/36 padres del grupo control (p < 0.05). Conclusiones: El incremento en el GER por MLG diferencia niños con DC de controles. Estas diferencias metabólicas podrían estar determinadas genéticamente

Characterization of Lactococcus strains isolated from artisanal Oaxaca cheese

Lactococci strains obtained from raw-milk Oaxaca cheese through its production process in two factories from the Tulancingo Valley, Mexico, were isolated and characterized. A total of 120 colonies were selected from the growth in M17 and MRS agars. Twenty were identified as lactococci strains, all Lactococcus lactis, and were characterized by molecular and phenotypic methods including carbohydrate use, enzymatic profile, acidifying capacity, and antibiotic and phage resistance. High phenotypic diversity was observed and confirmed among the Lactococcus lactis strains by rep-PCR fingerprints. Fifty percent of the strains were resistant to streptomycin and 35% to erythromycin. Nine isolates were considered as fast acidifying strains. The predominant volatile compounds produced were 3-methylbutanol, 3-methylbutanal and butane-2,3-dione. A selection of strains isolated in this study has shown satisfactory characteristics to be used as potential starters for the industrial production of Oaxaca cheese.Peer reviewe

Different displacement of bioimpedance vector due to Ag/AgCl electrode effect

Background/Objectives:Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) is increasingly used in clinical research to assess soft tissue hydration. It is known that physical characteristics of electrodes, such as low intrinsic impedance, low electrode/skin contact impedance and type of gel, affect the reliability of noninvasive bioimpedance assessments. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of intrinsic impedance of electrode on the bioimpedance vector displacement in RXc graph.Subjects/Methods:The intrinsic impedance is measured in nine pregelled disposable Ag/AgCl electrodes usually used for bioimpedance measures. The BIVA method is performed on 35 healthy volunteers using a 50 kHz phase-sensitive bioimpedance analyzer (BIA 101 Anniversary) with the lowest intrinsic impedance electrode and highest. The individual bioimpedance vector is plotted on the bivariate normal interval of reference population. The differences in the mean bioimpedance vectors obtained with each electrode are plotted, with their 95% confidence ellipses, on the dRXc graph. The paired one-sample Hotelling's T 2 -test is used to compare the differences of the mean bioimpedance vectors.Results:We found large variability in intrinsic resistance (11-665 Ω) and reactance (0.25-2.5 Ω) values of the electrodes analyzed and significant displacement (P<0.05) of bioimpedance vector positions in healthy adults according to the paired one-sample Hotelling's T 2 -test.Conclusions:A robust study of all physical characteristics of commercial Ag/AgCl electrodes is necessary to reach consensus on pregelled Ag/AgCl electrodes valid for bioimpedance measurement. This information will enable BIVA users to avoid systemic errors when performing BIVA assessments, specifically when these measurements are used for clinical interpretations