Serving Students with Special Needs during COVID-19 Pandemic

The advent of the COVID-19 pandemic has largely disrupted every aspect of human life. At the height of the pandemic, the states governments\u27 suspended in-person learning in the United States to reduce coronavirus spread through human contact. The suspension was followed by policies enabling the implementation of online learning for all students with special needs, caregivers, and educators in different ways. The closure of schools has disrupted student\u27s routine, made caregivers assume the teacher\u27s role, and required educators to shift to online learning. This literature review evaluates changes in managing students with special needs by highlighting the shift in teaching, the impact of COVID-19 on learners and caregivers, innovative ways of reaching out to the students and preparing for school reopening

Zur Offenlegung von Abfindungszahlungen und Pensionszusagen an ein ausgeschiedenes Vorstandsmitglied

Abfindungszahlungen und Pensionszusagen gehören zu den besonders umstrittenen Bestandteilen der Vorstandsvergütung. Der deutsche Gesetzgeber ist mit dem Gesetz über die Offenlegung von Vorstandsvergütungen (VorstOG) der internationalen Entwicklung gefolgt. Bereits Ziff. 4.2.4 DCGK a.F. hatte die individualisierte Offenlegung der Bezüge aktueller Vorstandsmitglieder empfohlen. In Frankreich wurde bereits 2001 die Pflicht zur Offenlegung von Vorstandsgehältern in den Art. L. 225-102-1 des Code de commerce aufgenommen. Aktuell beschäftigt sich das französische Parlament mit dem Gesetz „Croissance, emploi et pouvoir d’achat: modernisation de l’économie“, das bei Vereinbarungen von Abfindungen einen Hauptversammlungsbeschluss notwendig machen würde. In England sind die Bezüge der „Directors“ in einem Remuneration Report offenzulegen (Sec. 420 CA 2006). Vorreiter auf dem Gebiet der Offenlegungspflicht waren die Vereinigten Staaten, die seit 1992 eine individualisierte Offenlegung vorschreiben. Auch die Europäische Kommission hat sich für die Pflicht zur individualisierten Offenlegung ausgesprochen. Im Mittelpunkt der Diskussion steht insbesondere die Frage der Offenlegung der Abfindungs- und Pensionszusagen. Scheidet ein Vorstandsmitglied vorzeitig aus, hat es grundsätzlich einen Vergütungsanspruch bis zur Beendigung seines Anstellungsvertrags, außer wenn der Aufsichtsrat ihm aus wichtigem Grund gekündigt hat. In der Regel werden aber mit dem Vorstandsmitglied Abfindungsvereinbarungen getroffen. Neben den Abfindungsvereinbarungen spielen auch die Pensions- und Versorgungszusagen in der Praxis eine wichtige Rolle. Mit Blick auf den Wortlaut des § 285 HGB stellt sich, auch zwei Jahre nach Inkrafttreten des VorstOG, immer noch die Frage, ob bei börsennotierten Aktiengesellschaften die Abfindungszahlungen und Pensionszusagen individualisiert oder nur aggregiert offenzulegen sind. Fraglich ist zum einen, wie eine vereinbarte Abfindungszahlung im Lagebericht bei der Angabe der Vorstandsbezüge zu behandeln ist, wenn ein Vorstandsmitglied vorzeitig ausscheidet (III.). Zum anderen stellt sich die Frage, wie Pensionszusagen darzustellen sind (IV.). Bevor auf diese beiden Fragen eingegangen werden kann, soll kurz der gesetzliche Rahmen der Offenlegungspflicht skizziert werden (II.). ..

Influence of oxygen pressure on the fs laserinduced oxidation of molybdenum thin films

We present a study of femtosecond (1028 nm, 230 fs, 54.7 MHz) laser processing on molybdenum (Mo) thin films. Irradiations were done under ambient air as well as pure oxygen (O2) at various gauge pressures (4, 8, 12 and 16 psi). Our results indicate that the high heating rates associated with laser processing allow the production of different molybdenum oxides. Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy are used to characterize the molybdenum oxidation for the different irradiation and oxygen pressures parameters chosen showing a high correlation between well-defined oxidation zones and the oxygen pressure surrounding the samples during the irradiation of the Mo thin films

AN EXAMINATION OF CHANGES IN UPPER AND LOWER BODY POWER IN ROTC CADETS OVER THE COURSE OF A YEAR

The purpose of this study was to examine upper and lower body power in Army Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) cadets over the course of a year. Twenty-three ROTC cadets completed two upper body and two lower body power assessments at three different time periods. The three time periods were April 2010, September 2010, and April 2011. The four assessments were a seated medicine ball throw, a force plate push-up, and a countermovement vertical jump on a force plate while simultaneously touching the highest vane they could reach on a VertecTM placed next to the force plate. No significant changes were found for the medicine ball throw (F = .27, p = .77) or the push-up (F = .38, p = .69). However, significant changes were found for the force plate power output (F = 7.5, p = .004) and Vertec (F = 5.39, p = .013)

Lineage Switch Macrophages Can Present Antigen

Recent reports of “lineage switching” from a lymphoid to macrophage phenotype have left unresolved the question of whether such cells are functional macrophages or nonfunctional products of differentiation gone awry. This study demonstrates that several “macrophage-like” cell lines derived from v-Ha-ras-transformed pre-B cells have gained the capacity to effectively present antigen in MHC-restricted fashion. Using an assay involving the cocultivation of putative antigen-presenting cells with chicken ovalbumin (cOVA) and a cOVA-specific T-cell hybridoma, “lineage switch” cell lines were found to present antigen as effectively as macrophage-containing peritoneal exudates. Neither the original pre-B-cell precursors nor B-cell lymphomas derived from them present antigen. Thus, we have demonstrated that these “lineage switch” macrophages are capable of antigen presentation, a mature differentiated function. While gaining macrophage characteristics, these cells have also rearranged their kappa light-chain immunoglobulin locus, suggesting that macrophage differentiation and immunoglobulin rearrangement are not mutually exclusive processes. The existence of both lymphoid and myeloid characteristics in a cell fully capable of antigen presentation suggests greater plasticity in hematopoietic lineage commitment than conventionally thought to be the case

Skunk River Review September 1992, Vol 4

https://openspace.dmacc.edu/skunkriver/1007/thumbnail.jp

Design and Construction of an Open Circulating Water Channel

Obtaining field measurements of environmental flows provides invaluable data. However, these experiments are often difficult to repeat due to various uncontrollable factors such as background flows and surface topography. Furthermore, studying interactions between fluid dynamics and aquatic organisms in their natural habitat can be problematic since these locations are often inaccessible. Because of this, having the capability to perform and repeat hydrodynamic experiments in a controlled setting is essential because one can isolate and control these factors with relative ease of access. With this in mind, an open circulating water channel was designed and manufactured by the Laboratory for Environmental Flow Modeling at the University of California, Riverside. This channel will provide opportunities for students and researchers to study fluid behavior. The assembly was designed and optimized by integrating both fluid dynamic and mechanical design requirements of the system. The water channel consists of two settling tanks and a 13 foot long, 40 inch wide, 36 inch tall test section. One settling tank is fully transparent to enable measurements of stratified layer mixing by organism dynamics. The design process, calculations, fabrication, assembling, and future recommendations of the water channel are described in detail in this presentation

Personal trainers\u27 leadership styles, motivational language and perceived quality of relationship between clients and trainers

The phenomenon of leadership style and motivational language has been studied within a diversity of settings (Bass & Avolio, 2004; Berson & Linton, 2005; Galbraith & Schvaneveldt, 2005; Jung & Sosik, 2002; Kleinman, 2004; Kuo, 2004; Martin & Epitropaki, 2001; Mayfield, Mayfield, Kopf, 1995). On the contrary, research of leadership and use of motivational language within a fitness related setting has not been explored. The central thesis of this study is to examine clients\u27 perceptions of their personal trainer\u27s leadership style, use of motivational language, and perceived quality of relationship. Findings of this study indicate that personal trainers are perceived to be effective transformational/transactional leaders, make effective use of motivational language, while the quality of the relationship with clients is perceived as highly satisfactory. In addition, statistically significant correlations are found between transformational and transactional leadership style and motivational language, and transformational leadership style and perceived quality of relationship