Biological control of post harvest disease caused by Aspergillus flavus on stored lemon fruits.

Antagonistic activity of 24 selected bacterial strains detected by previous microbiological studies to Aspergillus flavus was tested in vitro and in vivo conditions. Within 24 strains, only ten strains showed remarkable inhibition zone (6-34 mm) against the pathogen in assays carried out in Petri plates. Both cell suspension and culture filtrates of prominent 10 bacterial strains were also tested in order to control A. flavus on lemon fruits cvs Meyer and Interdonato under storage conditions. The cell suspension of nine strains and the culture filtrates of three strains led to suppression on disease development on lemon fruits. The highest control was obtained by the cell suspension of Pantoea agglomerans RK-153. Erwinia chrysanthemi RK-67 and Bacillus subtilis RK-6 treatments reduced disease severity on both lemon cultivars. Furthermore, both the cell suspension and culture filtrates of Burkholderia cepacia strain RK-277 reduced disease severity on only cvs Interdonato, but not on Meyer. There was no significant difference in decay diameters among those treatments, compared to the negative control at 35 days of inoculation. Even other tested strains also slightly reduced disease severity compared to strains determined as efficient ones; disease severity resulted from other strains were statistically significant, compared to negative control. In conclusion, these strains can be used as new biocontrol agents in controlling postharvest decay of citrus fruit

Effect of T7 heat treatment on the dry sliding friction and wear properties of the SiC-reinforced AA 2014 aluminium matrix composites produced by vacuum infiltration

Bican, Osman/0000-0003-2246-0780WOS: 000330931300007

EFFECTS OF SINTERING, AGEING AND CRYOGENIC TREATMENTS ON STRUCTURAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF AA2014-B4C COMPOSITE

Bu çalışmada, gaz atomizasyon yöntemi ile üretilen AA2014 alaşım tozlarına, basınçlı infiltrasyon yöntemiyle, %10 ve %20 B4C takviye edilerek kompozit yapı elde edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Üretilen AA2014-B4C kompozit yapısına uygulanan; sıvı faz sinterleme, yaşlandırma ve kriyojenik soğutma işlemlerinin sertliğe ve mikro yapıya etkileri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Mikro yapıların incelemelerinde SEM ve MAP analizlerinden yararlanılarak, ısıl işlemlerin mikro yapı etkileri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Kriyojenik soğutma işlemi sonrasında elde edilen sertlik değerleri, sinterleme ve yaşlandırma sonrasında elde edilen sertlik değerlerinden yüksek çıkması, kriyojenik işlemin bilhassa yaşlandırılabilir alaşımlar üzerinde etkin rol oynayabileceğini göstermektedir.In this study, powders of gas atomized AA2014 and solid B4C were mixed and then used in an infiltration system. To attain particulate reinforced aluminum composites, fine particles of B4C were added in right proportions of 10% and 20% respectively. Micro structures of AA2014-B4C composite were then analyzed systematically, where at first hardness measurement were applied after liquid phase sintering, ageing and cryogenic cooling. Samples were then analyzed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques to determine the effect of several heat treatment steps on the microstructure. It was found that hardness values particularly obtained right after cryogenic cooling treatment were considerably higher than that of sintering and ageing treatments. These results show that, application of cryogenics may play an effective role in the behaviour of age-hardenable alloys

Dev hücreli kemik tümöründe denosumab tedavisinin yeri: Literatürün gözden geçirilmesi

Denosumab kemik dev hücreli tümörünü yönetmek için etkili ve kullanışlı bir ilaçtır. İnoperable veya metastatik dev hücreli tümörlü hastalar için birinci basamak tedavide altın standart olarak düşünülmektedir. Dev hücreli kemik tümöründe denosumabınetkinliği prospektifrandomize çalışmalarda kanıtlanmıştır. Nörovasküler yapılara yakın büyük dev hücreli tümörde daha fazla morbiditeye yol açaçak rezeksiyona yönelmek yerine denosumab ile neoadjuvan tedavi dev hücreli tümörde intralezyonel cerrahiyi kolaylaştırabilir. Farklı sebeplerden dolayı tedaviyi bıraktıktan sonra yapılan biyopside psödosarkomatöz değişiklikler görülebileceği unutulmamalıdır. Dev hücreli tümörde denosumab tedavisi sonrası kalınlaşmış korteks ve subkondral kemik içerisinde tümör hücrelerinin gizlenmesi sonucu lokal tümör rekürrensi görülebilir. Denosumab çenede osteonekroz oluşumu ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Bu makalede denosumab tedavisi alan hastaların sistematik değerlendirilmesi,risk faktörleri, tanı-tedavi yararlığı, tedavi seçeneklerini öngören kılavuzlar sunulmuştur.Denosumab is an effective and usefull drug for managing the giant cell bonetumor. It is considered the gold standard for treatment of the inoperable or metastatic giant cell tumors. Theefficacy of denosumab in giant cell bone tumors has been demonstrated in prospective randomized trials. Neoadjuvant therapy with denosumab may facilitate intralesional surgery in giant cell tumor instead of resection leading to more morbidity in a large giant cell tumor close to the neurovascular structure. It should not be forgotten that pseudosarcomatous changes in biopsies may ocur after denosumab treatment due to different reasons. Giant cell tumor may result in dense cortex after denosumab treatment and local tumor recurrence after concealment of tumor cells within the subchondral bone. Denosumab is associated with jaw osteonecrosis formation. In this article, guidelines for systematic evaluation, risk factors, diagnostic-therapeutic usefullness and treatment options for patients treated with denosumab are presented