Experimental implementation of thermal enhancement performance of air heat exchanger’s pipes utilizing unconventional turbulator

Heat exchangers are widely used in industry, however, raising their performance are important for the variety of applications. Consequently, efficiency improvement associated with low production cost is considered in this experimental work. The current study aims to enhance the rate of heat transfer in pipe-type heat exchangers experimentally by using a novel nozzle as a turbulator. The cross-sectional shape of the nozzle is hexagonal, and the diameter ratio DR is equal to 0.5. Constant heat flux was maintained in the vicinity of the section of the test tube, while the working fluid was pumped into the open system at six discrete Reynolds number values ranging from 6000 to 19500. To investigate the effect of distance among the pieces, three turbulators with different numbers were assigned and named as (N=4, 5 and 6). The results indicated an increase of 172 %, 194 % and 216 % of the heat transfer rate for cases 4, 5 and 6 respectively comparing to the benchmark tube. On the other hand, the friction factor values increased remarkably due to the inserting of turbulators by about of 722.9 % for N=4, 823.9 % for N=5 and 886.7 % for N=6 compared to a plain tube case. Moreover, it has been established that with the insertion of 6 pieces two enhancements was observed; heat transfer rate and thermal performance, where, thermal performance of all cases exceeds unity (maximum thermal performance of 1.62 has been obtained by inserting 6 pieces of hexagonal nozzles turbulators). A comparison with another types of vortex generators shows the gap between the turbulator and heated surface offers a solution for problems occurred in the pipes of heat exchanger. The study therefore suggests a wider practical implementation of the turbulator

Experimental and analysis study on GloveMAP grasping force signal using Gaussian filtering method and principal component analysis (PCA)

This research paper presents the analysis study of human grasping forces for several objects by using a DataGlove called GloveMAP.The grasping force is generated from the bending of proximal and intermediate phalanges of the fingers when touching with a surface.A flexiforce sensor is installed at the finger’s position of the GloveMAP.The acquired grasping force signals are filtered by using a Gaussian filtering for the purpose of removing noises.A Principal Component Analysis technique (PCA) is employed to reduce the dimension of the grasping force signal, and follows by the extraction of its features.In the experiment, five subjects are selected to perform the grasping activities.The experimental results show that the Gaussian filter could be used to smoothen the grasping force signals. Moreover, the first and the second principal components of PCA could be used to extract features of grasping force signals

Measurement of the Flexible Bending Force of the Index and Middle Fingers for Virtual Interaction

AbstractIn this paper the development of a new low cost dataglove based on fingertip bending tracking techniques for measuring the fingers bending on various virtual interaction activities is presented as an alternative to the rehabilitation services enhancement in the betterment of the quality of life especially for the disabled person. The purpose of the research is to design a flexible control for measurement study of virtual interaction of index and middle fingers that are important in a variety of contexts as well as the deterministic approach. These analyses of fingers flexing of the system were using the flexible bend sensor functioning as a key intermediate of the process to track the fingertip positions and orientations. The main propose of the low cost dataglove is to provide natural input control of interaction in virtual, multimodal and tele-presence environments as an input devices provide as they can monitor the dexterity and flexibility characteristics of the human hand motion. Preliminary experimental results have shown that the dataglove capable to measure several human Degree of Freedom (DoF), “translating” them into commands for the interaction in the virtual world

Analysis of EMG based Arm Movement Sequence using Mean and Median Frequency

This paper present the studies of analysis arm movement sequence which dedicated for upper limb rehabilitation after stroke. The recovery of the arm could be optimized if the rehabilitation therapy is in a right manner. Upper limb weakness after stroke is prevalent in post-stroke rehabilitation, many factors that can deficit muscle strength there are neural, muscle structure and function change after stroke. Rehabilitation process needs to start as soon as after a stroke attack, repetitive and conceptualized. On the other hand monitoring of muscle activity also need in the rehabilitation process to evaluate muscle strength, motor function and progress in the rehabilitation process. The objective of this research is to analysis arm movement sequence using the feature frequency domain. In this study deltoid, biceps and flexor carpum ulnaris (FCU) muscles will be monitored by surface electromyography (sEMG). Five healthy subjects male and female become participants in data recording. Mean frequency (MNF) and median frequency (MDF) domain are two signals processing technique used for arm movement sequence analyzing. The analysis result showed that MNF is better than MDF where MNF produced higher frequency than MDF from each segment. From the data analysis, this movement sequence design more focuses on deltoid and FCU muscles treatment. This movement sequence has five condition movements. First undemanding, second difficult, third moderate, fourth moderate and the last cool-down movements. The best movement sequence minimum has four condition movements warming up - moderate - difficult - cool-down

An Experimental Framework for Assessing Emotions of Stroke Patients using Electroencephalogram (EEG)

Abstract: This research aims to assess the emotional experiences of stroke patients using Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. Since emotion and health are interrelated, thus it is important to analyse the emotional states of stroke patients for neurofeedback treatment. Moreover, the conventional methods for emotional assessment in stroke patients are based on observational approaches where the results can be fraud easily. The observational-based approaches are conducted by filling up the international standard questionnaires or face to face interview for symptom recognition from psychological reactions of patients and do not involve experimental study. This paper introduces an experimental framework for assessing emotions of the stroke patient. The experimental protocol is designed to induce six emotional states of the stroke patient in the form of video-audio clips. In the experiments, EEG data are collected from 3 groups of subjects, namely the stroke patients with left brain damage (LBD), the stroke patients with right brain damage (RBD), and the normal control (NC). The EEG signals exhibit nonlinear properties, hence the non-linear methods such as the Higher Order Spectra (HOS) could give more information on EEG in the signal’s analysis. Furthermore, the EEG classification works with a large amount of complex data, a simple mathematical concept is almost impossible to classify the EEG signal. From the investigation, the proposed experimental framework able to induce the emotions of stroke patient and could be acquired through EEG

Conceptual design for oil palm evacuation to improve ergonomics issues of collecting fresh fruit bunch

Oil palm evacuation are still labour dependent and room for mechanisation may still exist. With the importance of this industry as one of nation’s economic contribution the efforts are still considered viable. In order to reduce, improve and empower labours a new concept design was developed. A mock-up interaction was done in virtual environment in order to assess the ergonomic aspect of the design in order to determine the pros and cons of the concept design. The findings had led to a conclusion for a requirement of a more thorough assessment to assess human machine interaction in terms of biomechanical effects