Error estimates for the numerical approximation of a distributed optimal control problem governed by the von K\'arm\'an equations

In this paper, we discuss the numerical approximation of a distributed optimal control problem governed by the von Karman equations, defined in polygonal domains with point-wise control constraints. Conforming finite elements are employed to discretize the state and adjoint variables. The control is discretized using piece-wise constant approximations. A priori error estimates are derived for the state, adjoint and control variables under minimal regularity assumptions on the exact solution. Numerical results that justify the theoretical results are presented

Neutron scattering studies on URu2Si2

This paper is aiming to review some of the neutron scattering studies performed on URu2Si2 in Grenoble. This compound has been studied for a quarter of century because of a so-called hidden order ground state visible by most of the bulk experiments but almost invisible by microscopic probes like neutrons, muons NMR or x-ray. We stress on some aspects that were not addressed previously. Firstly, the comparison of the cell parameters in the 1-2-2 systems seems to point that the magnetic properties of URu2Si2 are leading by an U4+ electronic state. Secondly, a compilation of the different studies of the tiny antiferromagnetic moment indicates that the tiny antiferromagnetic moment has a constant value which may indicate that it is not necessary extrinsic. We also present the last development on the magnetic form factor measurement in which the magnetic density rotates when entering in the hidden order state. To end, the thermal dependence of the two most intense magnetic excitation at Q0=(1,0,0) and Q1=(0.6,0,0) seems to indicate two different origins or processes for these excitations.Comment: 18 pages, 18 figures, published in Philosophical Magazine, 201

Self-propulsion through symmetry breaking

In addition to self-propulsion by phoretic mechanisms that arises from an asymmetric distribution of reactive species around a catalytic motor, spherical particles with a uniform distribution of catalytic activity may also propel themselves under suitable conditions. Reactive fluctuation-induced asymmetry can give rise to transient concentration gradients which may persist under certain conditions, giving rise to a bifurcation to self-propulsion. The nature of this phenomenon is analyzed in detail, and particle-level simulations are carried out to demonstrate its existence.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures. Appeared in EPL (Europhysics Letters

How well do diffusion indexes capture business cycles? A spectral analysis

Sampling (Statistics) ; Business cycles

Accommodating rising population in rural areas : the case of Loudoun County, Virginia

Population

An Empirically-Based Taxonomy of Dutch Manufacturing: Innovation Policy Implications

The paper studies the degree of homogeneity of innovative behavior in order to determine empirically an industry classi¯cation of Dutch manufacturing that can be used for policy purposes. We use a two-limit tobit model with sample selection, which explains the decisions by business enterprises to innovate and the impact these decisions have on the share of innovative sales. The model is estimated for eleven industries based on the Dutch Standard Industrial Classification (SBI 1993). A likelihood ratio test (LR) is then performed to test for equality of the parameters across industries. We find that Dutch manufacturing consists of three groups of industries in terms of innovative behavior, a high-tech group, a low-tech group and the industry of wood, where firms seem to have a rather different innovative behavior from the remaining industries. The same pattern shows up in the three Dutch Community Innovation Surveys.mathematical economics and econometrics ;