Octafluorocyclooctatetraene at 238K

This is the publisher's version, also available electronically from http://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/paper?S0567740882003781

InnateDB: systems biology of innate immunity and beyond—recent updates and continuing curation

peer-reviewedInnateDB (http://www.innatedb.com) is an integrated analysis platform that has been specifically designed to facilitate systems-level analyses of mammalian innate immunity networks, pathways and genes. In this article, we provide details of recent updates and improvements to the database. InnateDB now contains >196 000 human, mouse and bovine experimentally validated molecular interactions and 3000 pathway annotations of relevance to all mammalian cellular systems (i.e. not just immune relevant pathways and interactions). In addition, the InnateDB team has, to date, manually curated in excess of 18 000 molecular interactions of relevance to innate immunity, providing unprecedented insight into innate immunity networks, pathways and their component molecules. More recently, InnateDB has also initiated the curation of allergy- and asthma-related interactions. Furthermore, we report a range of improvements to our integrated bioinformatics solutions including web service access to InnateDB interaction data using Proteomics Standards Initiative Common Query Interface, enhanced Gene Ontology analysis for innate immunity, and the availability of new network visualizations tools. Finally, the recent integration of bovine data makes InnateDB the first integrated network analysis platform for this agriculturally important model organism.This work was supported by Genome BC through the Pathogenomics of Innate Immunity (PI2) project and by the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research under the Grand Challenges in Global Health Research Initiative [Grand Challenges ID: 419]. Further funding was also provided by AllerGen grants 12ASI1 and 12B&B2. D.J.L. was funded in part during this project by a postdoctoral trainee award from the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research (MSFHR). F.S.L.B. is a MSFHR Senior Scholar and R.E.W.H. holds a Canada Research Chair (CRC). Funding to enable bovine systems biology in InnateDB is provided by Teagasc [RMIS6018] and the Teagasc Walsh Fellowship scheme. IMEx is funded by the European Commission under the PSIMEx project [contract number FP7-HEALTH-2007-223411]. Funding for open access charge: Teagasc [RMIS6018]

Studies on malarial sporozoites. I. Effect of various environmental conditions

Data are presented on the infectivity of sporozoites of P. gallinaceum under various conditions. Mosquitoes exposed to ether in excess or to temperatures below freezing showed drastic reduction of infectivity. Considerable exposure to tobacco smoke, DDT or pyrethrum, minimal exposure to ether, or chilling at temperatures above freezing were apparently harmless to sporozoites.Saline solutions of 0.21, 0.43 and 0.85% were injurious to sporozoites. In the presence of 4.5% blood 0.85% saline was less deleterious than more or less concentrated saline solutions. Heparinized chick blood, plasma, or serum inactivated at 56 [deg]C for 30 minutes were good media, allowing prolonged survival of sporozoites. Normal serum slightly but definitely reduced infectivity. Temperatures up to 21 [deg]C allowed nearly quantitative survival of sporozoites for 3-4 hours. Temperatures of 26 [deg]C or higher markedly reduced infectivity within this period.Intravenous inoculation of sporozoites gave regular, intense infections. Intrahepatic injection was apparently nearly as good. Intramuscular, subcutaneous, and intraperitoneal inoculations resulted in irregular infections of mostly prolonged incubation period. Inoculations by stomach tube were negative. One of four orally inoculated chicks became infected with a prolonged prepatent period.A convenient method is described for routine quantitative induction of infection with sporozoites of Plasmodium gallinaceum.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/32540/1/0000651.pd

Studies on malarial sporozoites. II. Effect of age and dosage of sporozoites on their infectiousness

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/32533/1/0000635.pd

Searching for an Intermediate Mass Black Hole in the Blue Compact Dwarf galaxy MRK 996

The possibility is explored that accretion on an intermediate mass black hole contributes to the ionisation of the interstellar medium of the Compact Blue Dwarf galaxy MRK996. Chandra observations set tight upper limits (99.7 per cent confidence level) in both the X-ray luminosity of the posited AGN, Lx(2-10keV)<3e40erg/s, and the black hole mass, <1e4/\lambda Msolar, where \lambda, is the Eddington ratio. The X-ray luminosity upper limit is insufficient to explain the high ionisation line [OIV]25.89\mu m, which is observed in the mid-infrared spectrum of the MRK996 and is proposed as evidence for AGN activity. This indicates that shocks associated with supernovae explosions and winds of young stars must be responsible for this line. It is also found that the properties of the diffuse X-ray emission of MRK996 are consistent with this scenario, thereby providing direct evidence for shocks that heat the galaxy's interstellar medium and contribute to its ionisation.Comment: Submitted to MNRA