Indirect selection for content of carotenoid in pumpkin accessions

Carotenoid quantification in foods can be performed by various techniques, such as spectrophotometry, mass spectrometry, high performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography and colorimetry. The objective of this study was to verify the feasibility of indirect selection of total carotenoids in pumpkin accessions. The experimental design was in complete randomized blocks with two replications and three plants per plot. The treatments consisted of 51 Cucubita moschata Duch accessions from the DCAF/UFERSA Cucurbitaceae germplasm collection and a commercial C. maxima Duch cultivar. After maturation, the fruits were harvested and colorimetric and total carotenoid contents were evaluated. Pulp color intensity parameters and hº angle indicated the possibility of indirect selection of accessions with higher total carotenoid contents. The ABO22 access presented higher total carotenoid content under the evaluation conditions of the experiment. Highlights There is variability in the total carotenoid content in pumpkin accessions. The pumpkin accessions studied have potential for food biofortification. Feasibility of indirect selection in pumpkin accessions for high total carotenoid content.Carotenoid quantification in foods can be performed by various techniques, such as spectrophotometry, mass spectrometry, high performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography and colorimetry. The objective of this study was to verify the feasibility of indirect selection of total carotenoids in pumpkin accessions. The experimental design was in complete randomized blocks with two replications and three plants per plot. The treatments consisted of 51 Cucubita moschata Duch accessions from the DCAF/UFERSA Cucurbitaceae germplasm collection and a commercial C. maxima Duch cultivar. After maturation, the fruits were harvested and colorimetric and total carotenoid contents were evaluated. Pulp color intensity parameters and hº angle indicated the possibility of indirect selection of accessions with higher total carotenoid contents. The ABO22 access presented higher total carotenoid content under the evaluation conditions of the experiment. Highlights There is variability in the total carotenoid content in pumpkin accessions. The pumpkin accessions studied have potential for food biofortification. Feasibility of indirect selection in pumpkin accessions for high total carotenoid content

Produtividade de cultivares de alface em função da idade de colheita no semiárido Potiguar, Brasil

No Nordeste brasileiro, o cultivo da alface restringe-se a pequenas áreas, com a utilização de cultivares pouco adaptadas às condições climáticas da região, dessa forma, ocorre o florescimento precoce e baixa produtividade. Diante disso, a pesquisa foi realizada objetivando-se avaliar as respostas agronômicas de cultivares de alface em função da idade de colheita, quando cultivadas em condições semiáridas. O experimento foi conduzido em campo, entre os meses de outubro de 2013 e janeiro de 2014, em Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, arranjados em parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições. As parcelas consistiram em cinco idades de colheita (20, 25, 30, 35 e 40 dias após o transplantio – DAT), enquanto as subparcelas corresponderam a seis cultivares de alface dos grupos: Lisa (Babá de Verão, Lívia e Aurélia) e Crespa (Jullie, Elba e Maravilha 4 Estações). Foram avaliadas as características: altura e diâmetro de plantas, número de folhas por planta, produtividades total e comercial, e massa seca da parte aérea. A cultivar Babá de Verão é a mais produtiva dentre as cultivares de alface do grupo Lisa e a Jullie dentre as Crespas. A cultivar de alface Aurélia, do grupo Lisa, é a menos produtiva em relação as demais estudadas. A idade de colheita ideal à máxima produtividade comercial foi aos 30 DAT para todas as cultivares de alface

Nutrient uptake in sesame cultivars under cultivation in semiarid conditions

Sesame is considered the oldest oleaginous seed in use by mankind. It is a culture of high morphophysiological complexity with great variability in growth habit. The accumulation of nutrients in the sesame crop is, in relative terms, proportional to its average productivity. It is a crop that requires the availability of sufficient amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium to obtain a desired yield. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the uptake of nutrients for sesame cultivars in two growing seasons conditions semiarid. The experiments were performed in Horta Didatics of Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Ãrido, in Brazil, from November 2014 to February 2015 (Growing Season I); and from April to July 2015 (Growing Season II). The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications. Treatments were arranged in a split plot where cultivars (CNPA G2, CNPA G3, and CNPA G4) were placed on the following plots with harvesting dates 21, 35, 49, 63, 77, 91, and 105 days after sowing (DAS) of subplots. The vegetative part of the sesame crop had greater uptake of potassium in Growing Season I (the period from November 2014 to February 2015) and of nitrogen in Growing Season II (the period from April to July 2015) for all the cultivars, whereas in the fruits the greatest uptake was that of nitrogen, independent of growing season. As for the total uptake of nutrients at the end of the cycle, it followed the descending order N > K > P in both growing seasons. The period of greatest demand for nutrients occurred between 77 and 105 DAS. In relation to the cultivars, the CNPA G3 obtained larger uptakes in Growing Season I (the period from November 2014 to February 2015), while the CNPA G4 did so in Growing Season II (the period from November 2014 to February 2015)

Crescimento inicial do melão após aplicação de herbicidas em pós-emergência

The control of weeds in melon crops is hampered by the lack of selective herbicide information for the crop. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of post-emergence herbicide application on yellow melon and toad skin culture. Two experiments (one for each cultivar) were carried out in a completely randomized design with four replications. The treatments were composed by the application of the herbicides in post-emergence: fomesafen (250 g a.i. ha-1); flumioxazin (2000 g a.i. ha-1); fenoxaprop (110 g a.i. ha-1); ioxynil (1005 g a.i. ha-1); carfentrazone (20 g a.i. ha-1); oxyfluorfen (960 g a.i. ha-1); oxadiazon (1200 g a.i. ha-1); and control without application. Phytotoxicity evaluations were performed at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after application (DAA). The leaf number, stem length, leaf area, stem diameter and total dry matter evaluations were performed at 28 DAA. Oxadiazon and oxyfluorfen herbicides negatively influenced the initial growth of yellow melon. Oxadiazon and ioxynil herbicides negatively influenced the initial growth of toad skin melon. The herbicides flumioxazin and fomesafen did not alter the initial growth of yellow melon and frog skin melon presenting great potential for selectivity tests.O controle de plantas daninhas em cultivos do meloeiro é dificultado pela falta de informações de herbicidas seletivos para a cultura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação de herbicidas em pós-emergência no melão cultivar amarelo e cultivar pele de sapo. Dois experimentos (um para cada cultivar) foram realizados em casa de vegetação no delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram compostos pela aplicação dos herbicidas em pós-emergência: fomesafen (250 g i.a. ha-1); flumioxazin (2000 g i.a. ha-1); fenoxaprop (110 g i.a. ha-1); ioxynil (1005 g i.a. ha-1); carfentrazone (20 g i.a. ha-1); oxyfluorfen (960 g i.a. ha-1); oxadiazon (1200 g i.a. ha-1); mais uma testemunha sem aplicação. Avaliações de fitotoxidade foram realizadas aos 7, 14, 21 e 28 dias após a aplicação (DAA). As avaliações de número de folhas, comprimento da haste, área foliar, diâmetro do caule e matéria seca total foram realizadas aos 28 DAA. Os herbicidas oxadiazon e oxyfluorfen influenciaram negativamente no crescimento inicial do melão amarelo. Os herbicidas oxadiazon e ioxynil influenciaram negativamente no crescimento inicial do melão pele de sapo. Os herbicidas flumioxazin e fomesafen não alteraram o crescimento inicial do melão amarelo e do melão pele de sapo apresentando grande potencial para testes de seletividade

Agro-economic profitability of sweet potato cultivars as a function of the harvest age and times of cultivation in the semi-arid

The objective of this work was to evaluate the profitability of sweet potato cultivars, harvested at different ages and cultivated in different periods (rainy and dry) in the municipality of Mossoró, semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications and treatments arranged in split plots scheme. The plots were composed of three sweet potato cultivars (ESAM 1, Paraná and Mother of Family) and the subplots for five harvest ages (90 , 105, 120, 135 and 150 days after transplanting - DAT). Productivity of commercial roots and production costs was evaluated, as well as the economic indicators: gross income, net income, rate of return and profit margin. Independently of the growing periods, the productivity of commercial roots increased with the later harvest of the crop and differentiated the cultivars. Production costs averaged R$6,087.97 ha-1 in the rainy season and R$ 6,181.42 ha-1 in the dry period. Labor expenditures were the most impacting of total expenditures. The cultivars ESAM 1 and Paraná presented higher productivities of commercial roots and profitability when cultivated in the rainy season, while Paraná cultivar was superior to the other cultivars in the crop in the dry season. In both growing periods, the harvest age of 150 DAT promoted higher productivities of commercial roots and profitability to sweet potato production

Efficiency of nitrogen use by sesame genotypes under brazilian semi-arid conditions

Nitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth and rate applications can influence the performance of sesame, and when applied in excess can cause nitrogen loss in the environment, and consequently make the cost of production more costly to the producer. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of nitrogen use by different cultivars of irrigated sesame seeds under the edaphoclimatic conditions of the northeastern semi-arid region in two harvests. The experiments were carried out from February to May (1st harvest) and from July to October (2nd harvest) in 2016. The treatments were arranged in a split plot scheme, in which the plots were the five nitrogen doses (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1), and in the subplots, the four sesame genotypes (CNPA G2, CNPA G3, CNPA G4 and BRS Seda), the design was in randomized complete blocks with four replications. The nitrogen use efficiency assessments evaluated were: agronomic efficiency (AE), physiological efficiency (PE), agrophysiological efficiency (APE), recovery efficiency (RE) and efficiency of use (EU). The rate that provided the greatest efficiency of use was 30 kg ha-1 of N applied. The cultivar BRS Seda had greater efficiency of use in relation to the other cultivars studied. The crop that had better efficiency of use was the 2nd agricultural harvest

SENTIMENTOS VIVENCIADOS POR ACOMPANHANTES DE PACIENTES CRÍTICOS INTERNADOS EM UNIDADES DE TRATAMENTO INTENSIVO

Introduction: The Intensive Care Unit is a hospital sector that differs from the others, as it is a place for advanced care and constant monitoring, which generally contributes to the development of family fragility, especially when the patient is in a state of hemodynamically unstable. Objective: Reflect on the emotions of family members and transcend a broad reflection, covering the feelings of family members regarding the patient's hospitalization in the Intensive Care Unit. Methodology: This is a study of the narrative literature review type, with characteristics of a theoretical-reflective type, with a qualitative approach and an exploratory bias. The search took place in the databases, BDENF, LILACS and the SciELO portal, with the inclusion criteria, articles published in full with free access and that addressed the subject of the study, dissertations, theses, book chapters, in Portuguese and English. And exclusion criteria, studies incompatible with the research theme. Furthermore, there was a search for health descriptors combined with the Boolean operator “AND”. Results: In this scenario, they showed that the main feelings shown by the companions of critically ill patients in the ICU are: anguish, fear, impotence, sadness, guilt and despair. Conclusion: Therefore, qualified professionals are important to promote a better connection with companions, and thus improve the assistance offered, which also applies to companions, taking care of the emotional factor and solving any possible doubts that may arise.Introducción: La Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos es un sector hospitalario que se diferencia de los demás, porque es un lugar de cuidados avanzados y monitoreo constante, lo que suele corroborar el desarrollo de la fragilidad familiar, especialmente cuando el paciente se encuentra en un estado hemodinámicamente inestable. Objetivo: Reflexionar sobre las emociones de los familiares y trascender una amplia reflexión, abarcando los sentimientos de los familiares respecto a la hospitalización del paciente en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio del tipo de revisión narrativa de la literatura, con características del tipo teórico-reflexivo, de abordaje cualitativo y sesgo exploratorio. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos, BDENF, LILACS y en el portal SciELO, con los criterios de inclusión, artículos publicados en la integración de libre acceso y que abordaron el tema del estudio, disertaciones, tesis, capítulos de libros, en portugués e inglés. Y criterios de exclusión, estudios incompatibles con el tema de investigación. Además, se investigaron los descriptores de salud combinados con el operador booleano "AND". Resultados: En este escenario, mostraron que los principales sentimientos mostrados por los acompañantes de pacientes críticamente enfermos en la UCI son: angustia, miedo, impotencia, tristeza, culpa y desesperación. Conclusión: Por lo tanto, los profesionales son importantes y cualificados para promover una mejor conexión con los acompañantes, y así mejorar la asistencia ofrecida, lo que también se aplica a los acompañantes, cuidando el factor emocional y conteniendo cualquier duda que pueda surgir.Introdução: A Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, é um setor hospitalar que se difere dos demais, por se tratar de um local destinado a cuidados avançados e constante monitorização, que geralmente corrobora para o desenvolvimento de fragilidade familiar, principalmente quando o paciente se encontra em estado hemodinamicamente instável. Objetivo: Refletir sobre as emoções dos familiares e transcender uma reflexão ampla, abrangendo os sentimentos dos familiares em relação a internação do paciente em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo revisão narrativa da literatura, com características do tipo teórico-reflexivo, de abordagem qualitativa e viés exploratória. A busca ocorreu nas bases, BDENF, LILACS e no portal SciELO, com os critérios de inclusão, artigos publicados na integra de acesso gratuito e que abordassem a temática do estudo, dissertações, teses, capítulos de livros, nos idiomas português e inglês. E critérios de exclusão, estudos incompatíveis com a temática da pesquisa. Ademais, ocorreu a pesquisa dos descritores em saúde combinados com o operador booleano “AND”. Resultados: Nesse cenário, evidenciaram que os principais sentimentos mostrados pelos acompanhantes de pacientes críticos na UTI são: angustia, medo, impotência, tristeza, culpa e desespero. Conclusão: Portanto, são importantes profissionais habilitados para promoverem uma melhor conexão com os acompanhantes, e assim melhorar a assistência ofertada, que também se aplica aos acompanhantes, cuidando do fator emocional e sanando todas as eventuais dúvidas que possam a vir surgir

CHARACTERIZATION OF CUCURBIT PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND DISEASE PREVALENCE IN MUNICIPALITIES IN PERNAMBUCO

Cucurbits have great economic, nutritional and social importance in the Brazilian semiarid region. In this region, many factors can result in reduced productivity of these crops, especially fungal and viral diseases. Therefore, knowledge of cucurbits is crucial for proper disease management. The objective of this work was to identify the major diseases of cucurbits grown in some municipalities in the Hinterland of the state of Pernambuco. Thus, plant samples were collected with symptoms in crops in the municipalities of Salgueiro, Serra Talhada, Floresta, Petrolândia, Ibimirim, Custódia and Inajá. A questionnaire was also applied to gather information about the production profile of producers. Seven fungal pathogens infecting cucurbits were identified: Pseudoperonospora cubensis, Colletotrichum sp., Podosphaera xanthii, Rhizoctonia solani, Didymella bryoniae, Fusarium sp. e Alternaria sp., and three viruses as well: Papaya ringspot virus - watermelon strain (PRSV-W), Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV). It was found that in small crops, there is limited search for technical information om cropping, and these crops originate mostly from native seeds, in contrast to medium and large producers, who use improved cultivars. The melon and watermelon crops are the most commercially exploited, while pumpkins are used in subsistence agriculture. As for plant health problems, most respondents reported knowing the main diseases that occur in crops and perform disease control based on personal experience and / or through the help of the technical assistance provided by agricultural stores. In a few cases, in large farms, there was an agronomist to assist in this type of control

GROWTH DYNAMICS OF SESAME CULTIVARS

Sesame is a plant with high morphological and physiological complexity, with great variability in growth habit. Quantitative growth analysis is an accessible and accurate tool for evaluating plant development and the contribution of different physiological processes to plant performance. In view of this, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the growth of sesame cultivars in two cropping seasons in the conditions of Mossoró-RN. Two experiments were conducted in Horta Didactics of UFERSA. The experimental delineation in each time was a randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatments were arranged in split plots where each experimental plot contained different sesame cultivars, CNPA G2, CNPA G3 and CNPA G4, and the subplots represented seven collection times, 21, 35, 49, 63, 77, 91 and 105 days after sowing (DAS). The growth of the sesame cultivars was slow at the beginning of the crop cycle, intensifying at the beginning of flowering (after 35 DAS). Among the physiological indexes studied, CNPA G4 cultivar was more efficient in relation to growth and varied depending on the cropping season