17,398 research outputs found
Investigation of the chemical kinetics of an advanced high energy propellant system Quarterly progress report, 1 Jun. - 1 Sep. 1968
Reaction kinetics of high energy oxygen difluoride diborane propellant syste
Maneuver and buffet characteristics of fighter aircraft
Recent research efforts in the improvement of the maneuverability of fighter aircraft in the high-subsonic and transonic speed range are reviewed with emphasis on the factors affecting aerodynamic boundaries, such as maximum obtainable lift, buffet onset, pitchup, wing rock, and nose slice. The investigations were made using a general research configuration which encompassed a systematic matrix of wing-design parameters. These results illustrated the sensitivity of section and planform geometry to a selected design point. The incorporation of variable-geometry wing devices in the form of flaps or leading-edge slats was shown to provide controlled flow over a wide range of flight conditions and substantial improvements in maneuver capabilities. Additional studies indicated that the blending of a highly swept maneuver strake with an efficient, moderately swept wing offers a promising approach for improving maneuver characteristics at high angles of attack without excessive penalties in structural weight
Quantum Hall Ferromagnets: Induced Topological term and electromagnetic interactions
The quantum Hall ground state in materials like GaAs is well known
to be ferromagnetic in nature. The exchange part of the Coulomb interaction
provides the necessary attractive force to align the electron spins
spontaneously. The gapless Goldstone modes are the angular deviations of the
magnetisation vector from its fixed ground state orientation. Furthermore, the
system is known to support electrically charged spin skyrmion configurations.
It has been claimed in the literature that these skyrmions are fermionic owing
to an induced topological Hopf term in the effective action governing the
Goldstone modes. However, objections have been raised against the method by
which this term has been obtained from the microscopics of the system. In this
article, we use the technique of the derivative expansion to derive, in an
unambiguous manner, the effective action of the angular degrees of freedom,
including the Hopf term. Furthermore, we have coupled perturbative
electromagnetic fields to the microscopic fermionic system in order to study
their effect on the spin excitations. We have obtained an elegant expression
for the electromagnetic coupling of the angular variables describing these spin
excitations.Comment: 23 pages, Plain TeX, no figure
Evaluating epidemic forecasts in an interval format
For practical reasons, many forecasts of case, hospitalization and death
counts in the context of the current COVID-19 pandemic are issued in the form
of central predictive intervals at various levels. This is also the case for
the forecasts collected in the COVID-19 Forecast Hub
(https://covid19forecasthub.org/). Forecast evaluation metrics like the
logarithmic score, which has been applied in several infectious disease
forecasting challenges, are then not available as they require full predictive
distributions. This article provides an overview of how established methods for
the evaluation of quantile and interval forecasts can be applied to epidemic
forecasts in this format. Specifically, we discuss the computation and
interpretation of the weighted interval score, which is a proper score that
approximates the continuous ranked probability score. It can be interpreted as
a generalization of the absolute error to probabilistic forecasts and allows
for a decomposition into a measure of sharpness and penalties for over- and
underprediction
Demonstration and Characterization of an Epidermal Angiogenic Factor
In this study the vasoproliferative effects of adult hamster epidermis and epidermal homogenates on the microvasculature of the hamster cheek pouch were observed. Implants of epidermis stimulated a rapid growth of new vessels both upon direct implantation and when separated from the vascular bed by a microporous filter. No significant vasoproliferation was seen with dermis, polythene, dialysis membrane, Millipore filter, with epidermis placed on or within sheets of dialysis membrane, or when the epidermis had been inactivated by heat treatment. Epidermal homogenates, Millipore filtrates, and dialysis tenates induced new vessel growth whereas similar preparations from dermis did not. Activity was found to be present in the aqueous but not the organic phase following ethyl acetate extraction and was deactivated by heating or removed by precipitation with trichloroacetic acid. Vasoproliferative activity was not affected by maintenance at 4° C for up to 7 days. These observations are interpreted as evidence for a specific, heat-labile, diffusible but nondialyzable protein “epidermal angiogenic factor.
On the Dynamics and Structure of Three-Dimensional Trans-Alfvenic Jets
Three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamical simulations of strongly magnetized
``light'' conical jets have been performed. An investigation of the transition
from sub-Alfv\'enic to super-Alfv\'enic flow has been made for nearly poloidal
and for helical magnetic fields. The jets are stable to asymmetric modes of jet
distortion provided they are sub-Alfv\'enic over most of their interior but
destabilize rapidly when they become on average super-Alfv\'enic. The jets are
precessed at the origin and the resulting small amplitude azimuthal motion is
communicated down the jet to the Alfv\'en point where it couples to a slowly
moving and rapidly growing helical twist. Significant jet rotation can
contribute to destabilization via increase in the velocity shear between the
jet and the external medium. Destabilization is accompanied by significant mass
entrainment and the jets slow down significantly as denser external material is
entrained. Synchrotron intensity images satisfactorily reveal large scale
helical structures but have trouble distinguishing a large amplitude elliptical
jet distortion that appears as an apparent pinching in an intensity image.
Smaller scale jet distortions are not clearly revealed in intensity images,
largely as a result of the relatively small total pressure variations that
accompany destabilization and growing distortions. Fractional polarization is
high as a result of the strong ordered magnetic fields except where the
intensity image suggests cancellation of polarization vectors by integration
through twisted structures.Comment: 27 pages, 11 figures, AASTeX, to appear in Oct 20 issue of ApJ,
postscript versions of Figures 5 and 6 are available at this URL
http://crux.astr.ua.edu/~rosen/tralf/hr.htm
Evidence for Multiple Mergers among Ultraluminous IR Galaxies (ULIRGs): Remnants of Compact Groups?
In a large sample of ULIRGs imaged with HST, we have identified a significant
subsample that shows evidence for multiple mergers. The evidence is seen among
two classes of ULIRGs: (1) those with multiple remnant nuclei in their core,
sometimes accompanied by a complex system of tidal tails; and (2) those that
are in fact dense groupings of interacting (soon-to-merge) galaxies. We
conservatively estimate that, in the redshift range 0.05<z<0.20, at least 20
(out of 99) ULIRGs satisfy one or both of these criteria. We present several
cases and discuss the possibility that the progenitors of ULIRGs may be the
more classical weakly interacting compact groups of galaxies (Hickson 1997). An
evolutionary progression is consistent with the results: from compact groups to
pairs to ULIRGs to ellipticals. The last step follows the blowout of gas and
dust from the ULIRG.Comment: 5 pages, including 1 color postscript figure. Published in the
Astrophysical Journal Letters (1 Feb 2000). Replaced with final edited
version, including corrected typos and additional references, plus the color
figure has been improved and is only available her
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Ubiquitous Internet in an integrated satellite-terrestrial environment: The SUITED solution
yesThe current Internet architecture appears to
not be particularly suited to addressing the
emerging needs of new classes of users who wish
to gain access to multimedia services made available
by ISPs, regardless of their location, while
in motion and with a guaranteed level of quality.
One of the main objectives of so-called nextgeneration
systems is to overcome the limitations
of today¿s available Internet by adopting an
approach based on the integration of different
mobile and fixed networks. The SUITED project
moves in this direction since it aims at contributing
to the design and deployment of the global
mobile broadband system (GMBS), a unique
satellite/terrestrial infrastructure ensuring
nomadic users access to Internet services with a
negotiated QoS. A description of the main features
of the GMBS architecture, characterized
by the integration of a multisegment access network
with a federated ISP network is given in
this article. The GMBS multimode terminal is
schematically described, and an overview of the
so-called QoS-aware mobility management
scheme, devised for such a heterogeneous scenario,is provided
A Three Dimensional Lattice of Ion Traps
We propose an ion trap configuration such that individual traps can be
stacked together in a three dimensional simple cubic arrangement. The isolated
trap as well as the extended array of ion traps are characterized for different
locations in the lattice, illustrating the robustness of the lattice of traps
concept. Ease in the addressing of ions at each lattice site, individually or
simultaneously, makes this system naturally suitable for a number of
experiments. Application of this trap to precision spectroscopy, quantum
information processing and the study of few particle interacting system are
discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 4 Figures. Fig 1 appears as a composite of 1a, 1b, 1c and
1d. Fig 2 appears as a composite of 2a, 2b and 2
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