Euler hydrodynamics of one-dimensional attractive particle systems

We consider attractive irreducible conservative particle systems on $\mathbb{Z}$, without necessarily nearest-neighbor jumps or explicit invariant measures. We prove that for such systems, the hydrodynamic limit under Euler time scaling exists and is given by the entropy solution to some scalar conservation law with Lipschitz-continuous flux. Our approach is a generalization of Bahadoran et al. [Stochastic Process. Appl. 99 (2002) 1--30], from which we relax the assumption that the process has explicit invariant measures.Comment: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117906000000115 in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org

Performance Analysis of CMOS Flip-flops

Low power has emerged in today’s electronic industry. CMOS technology is best known for low power consumption, which makes the device more reliable, efficient & portable. This paper presents the comparative analysis of CMOS flip-flops for power & speed using analog simulation, and the results are discussed. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.150614

A Deep Cascade of Convolutional Neural Networks for MR Image Reconstruction

The acquisition of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is inherently slow. Inspired by recent advances in deep learning, we propose a framework for reconstructing MR images from undersampled data using a deep cascade of convolutional neural networks to accelerate the data acquisition process. We show that for Cartesian undersampling of 2D cardiac MR images, the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art compressed sensing approaches, such as dictionary learning-based MRI (DLMRI) reconstruction, in terms of reconstruction error, perceptual quality and reconstruction speed for both 3-fold and 6-fold undersampling. Compared to DLMRI, the error produced by the method proposed is approximately twice as small, allowing to preserve anatomical structures more faithfully. Using our method, each image can be reconstructed in 23 ms, which is fast enough to enable real-time applications

Breeding tomatoes suitable for processing with triple disease resistance to tomato leaf curl disease, bacterial wilt and early blight

India is the second largest producer of tomato with 11 per cent global share and cultivated on an estimated area of 0.76 million hectares with productivity of 24 tonnes per hectare. Less than 1% of the produce is processed when compared to 26% in other major producing countries. Of the estimated more than 41 million tonnes of tomato processed globally, only 130,000 tonnes were processed in India and domestic demand for processed tomato products is expanding at an estimated 30% annually. At present traditional fresh market tomato cultivars are being processed though such cultivars are unsuitable for processing. Processors in India are looking for high yielding tomato cultivars with high total soluble solids (5-6 º Brix), acidity not less than 0.4%, pH less than 4.5 and uniform red colour with a/b colour value of at least 2. In addition, firm fruited tomato cultivars with joint less pedicel (j2) which facilitate mechanical harvesting or rapid hand picking. ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research has recently developed two high yielding F1 hybrids in tomato viz: Arka Apeksha and Arka Vishesh suitable for processing. On evaluation for three years, both the hybrids recorded good level of total soluble solids (4.5-5º Brix) and colour value of 2. Further, both the hybrids had high yield potential (80-90 tonnes / hectare) with triple disease resistance to tomato leaf curl disease, bacterial wilt and early blight. Arka Apeksha and Arka Vishesh were also bred with jointless pedicel making them suitable for mechanical harvesting. Our experimental studies on vine storability revealed that all the fruits were intact on plants even 110 days after transplanting in the main field facilitating once over harvest

Tracking Ca2+ ATPase intermediates in real time by x-ray solution scattering

Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) transporters regulate calcium signaling by active calcium ion reuptake to internal stores. Structural transitions associated with transport have been characterized by x-ray crystallography, but critical intermediates involved in the accessibility switch across the membrane are missing. We combined time-resolved x-ray solution scattering (TR-XSS) experiments and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for real-time tracking of concerted SERCA reaction cycle dynamics in the native membrane. The equilibrium [Ca2] E1 state before laser activation differed in the domain arrangement compared with crystal structures, and following laser-induced release of caged ATP, a 1.5-ms intermediate was formed that showed closure of the cytoplasmic domains typical of E1 states with bound Ca2+ and ATP. A subsequent 13-ms transient state showed a previously unresolved actuator (A) domain arrangement that exposed the ADP-binding site after phosphorylation. Hence, the obtained TR-XSS models determine the relative timing of so-far elusive domain rearrangements in a native environment

Nanocrystalline materials studied by powder diffraction line profile analysis

X-ray powder diffraction is a powerful tool for characterising the microstructure of crystalline materials in terms of size and strain. It is widely applied for nanocrystalline materials, especially since other methods, in particular electron microscopy is, on the one hand tedious and time consuming, on the other hand, due to the often metastable states of nanomaterials it might change their microstructures. It is attempted to overview the applications of microstructure characterization by powder diffraction on nanocrystalline metals, alloys, ceramics and carbon base materials. Whenever opportunity is given, the data provided by the X-ray method are compared and discussed together with results of electron microscopy. Since the topic is vast we do not try to cover the entire field

Response of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) to Rhizobium inoculation

In field trials near Hyderabad in 1977-81 and in Karnataka in 1981, 4 Spanish-type, 1 Valencia and 5 Virginia type groundnut cv. were inoculated with 1 or 10 strains of Rhizobium sp. at sowing in soil previously sown to groundnuts. Pod yields of cv. Robut 33-1 were consistently increased by inoculation with strain NC 92, the increases ranging from 18 to 34% in Hyderabad and reaching 40% of the yield of non-inoculated plants in Karnataka. Inoculation with the pure strain NC 92 gave higher yields than a mixture of NC 92 with other strains of Rhizobium sp.ADDITIONAL ABSTRACT:A total of 9 varieties were tested in 1977-1981 with ten strains at two localities. Robut 33-1 inoculated with strain NC92 had significantly higher pod yields (up to 40% higher) than it had without inoculation. Other variety X strain interactions were not observe

Response Of Groundnut (Arachis Hypogaea) To Inoculation

'I'hough groundnut is nodulated by a number of rhizobia belonging to the cowpea miscellany, the nodulation and nitrogen (Nz) I'ixulion acliicvcd unclcr I'itrmcrs' conditions is ol'tcn inadequate. Studies at IC'K ISA I have attempted to overcome this by examining a large number of inoculant strains and various methods of' inoculation. Large variability between groundnut rhizobia in ability to fix N2 exists, but poor correlations between nodule mass and plant dry weight gains can occur. lnoculum size is important with nodule number and distribution and N2 fixation enhanced by heavier inoculation rates. Liquid inoculants have provided greater increases in yield than either granular or seed slurry inoculation, the latter method reducing germination and stand establishment. Several field trials at ICKISA'I', both in the rainy and irrigated, post-rainy seasons, have given significant responses to inoculation, even though the soil already contains lo4 rhizobialg. lhe cultivar Rohut 33-1 with strain NC 92 has eiven most consistent results

Pre-equilibrium evolution of non-abelian plasma

We study the production and the equilibration of a non-Abelian $q\bar{q}$ plasma in an external chromoelectric field, by solving the Boltzmann equation with the non-Abelian features explicitly incorporated. We consider the gauge group $SU(2)$ and show that the colour degree of freedom has a major and dominant role in the dynamics of the system. It is seen that the assumption of the so called Abelian dominance is not justified. Finally, it is also shown that many of the features of microscopic studies of the system appear naturally in our studies as well.Comment: Latex pages 22, figures can be obtained from authors. Submitted to PR