Cattle Marketing in South Carolina

Livestock Production/Industries,

A retrospective study of breast milk feeding in infants with oral clefts

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to gather information from mothers’ of children born with orofacial clefts (OFC) in order to more accurately describe their early feeding experiences, from the time of diagnosis through the first six months of life. METHODS: We surveyed mother’s whose babies with OFC were treated at Seattle Children’s Hospital (SCH) Craniofacial Clinic and were born on or after 1/1/2013 through 12/31/2016. Survey questions were geared toward understanding overall difficulty with feeding, access to supplies for feeding, and methods and duration of any breast milk feeding. RESULTS: Eighty-two percent of mothers wanted to exclusively breastfeed for the first 16 weeks prior to the OFC diagnosis, of which 79% attempted breastfeeding and 74% attempted any breast milk feeding. Donor milk was used in 18% of mothers and 41% supplemented with formula in the delivery hospital. The majority of women were knowledgeable about facts of breastfeeding and 41% reported they received information from a lactation specialist in their delivery hospital. The level of stress reported by mothers stayed relatively the same over first 4 weeks of life and dropped by 16 weeks. The majority of women who used a breast pump pumped for 0 to 20 minutes in first week and then 0 to 30 minutes between weeks 4 to 16. Thirty percent of mothers reported receiving information specifically from a craniofacial nurse and craniofacial pediatrician before delivery and 36% reported receiving information from a craniofacial nurse and craniofacial pediatrician after their birth hospital stay. CONCLUSION: Initial study results of feeding practices, knowledge of breast milk feeding, and feeding experiences of mothers with babies born with OFCs show that most mother’s intended to exclusively breastfeed prior to their birth and that the majority of women were reasonably informed about the benefits of breastfeeding. We also found that after the delivery of their child with an OFC more mothers reported having difficulty with feeding and wanted to provide breast milk longer than they were able to do so. Once the data collection is complete the survey data will be stratified for prenatal versus postnatal diagnosis and also when a breast pump was obtained. This information and additional data will be collected from a second phase of the study, which is a medical chart abstraction to look at the child’s demographics and growth chart data for the first six months of life

Beef Cattle Price Variability: Knowledge that Leads to Better Marketing Decisions

Livestock Production/Industries,

A Comparative Analysis of the Reforms in EuropeanHealth Care Systems

Most countries in Europe are at various stages in the process of reforming their health care systems. Instead of different and more diverse systems emerging, the health reform process has resulted in a convergence on managed competition as the only acceptable means for delivering health care. After briefly describing the historical context, this paper examines the nature and scope of the reform process in Europe. The major features of the reforms are cost-containment and a reduction in the role of the state. There have been few systematic attempts to measure the extent to which expectations are being realized. The paper concludes with an assessment of the likely effects of reforms on the health care map of Europe

L’animal un co-citoyen, et pourquoi pas?

Essai / EssayCet essai porte sur la place sociale de l’animal au sein de notre société actuelle. Il se veut une réflexion portant sur les bases anciennes et présentes expliquant ma vision de l’animal au sein de notre société avec un clin d’œil sur la réalité de ma profession, la médecine vétérinaire. Il se conclut sur des pistes de solution pour mieux comprendre et intégrer l’animal au sein de notre société.This essay is about the animal’s social place in our society. It is a reflection on the past and present bases that explain my vision of animals in our society, with a look at the reality of my profession, veterinary medicine. I conclude with some possible solutions to better understand and integrate the animal in our society

“She is Transforming:” Inuit Artworks Reflect a Cultural Response to Arctic Sea Ice and Climate Change

Seven Inuit artists reflect their lived experience of disappearing sea ice and climate change in their artworks. Living in Pangnirtung and Cape Dorset, Nunavut, for five months in 2013 and one month in 2015 enabled me to build relationships with artists and to initiate collaborations for this project. I examine how the artworks and artists use symbolism, metaphor, and other aesthetic devices to convey messages about their lived experience of sea ice and climate change. Stories told by artists about their artworks emphasize the importance of adaptation and interconnectedness and embrace themes about transformation and renewal. The insights provided by the artists participating in this research are crucial in the context of bridging knowledge systems to enhance our understanding of and potential responses to environmental change. Connecting with the intangible aspects of knowledge systems, such as emotional response, values, and identity, is an ongoing challenge; yet, accounting for these aspects of knowledge is a critical component of salient and legitimate environmental governance. Artists and their artworks can illuminate the less tangible aspects of knowledge about change and hence have an important role to play at the interface of diverse knowledge systems.Sept artistes inuits illustrent, par le biais de leurs œuvres, leur expérience vécue en ce qui a trait à la glace de mer en train de disparaître et au changement climatique. Parce que j’ai vécu à Pangnirtung et à Cape Dorset, au Nunavut, pendant cinq mois en 2013 et pendant un mois en 2015, j’ai réussi à nouer des liens avec des artistes et à entreprendre des collaborations en vue de ce projet. J’examine comment les œuvres et les artistes recourent au symbolisme, à la métaphore et à d’autres moyens esthétiques pour transmettre des messages sur leur expérience vécue en ce qui a trait à la glace de mer et au changement climatique. Les histoires que racontent les artistes au sujet de leurs œuvres font ressortir l’importance de l’adaptation et de l’interconnectivité, et portent sur les thèmes de la transformation et du renouvellement. Les points de vue exprimés par les artistes prenant part à cette recherche revêtent une importance primordiale dans le contexte du rapprochement des systèmes de connaissances permettant de mieux comprendre nos réponses au changement climatique et nos réactions éventuelles. Se rapprocher des aspects intangibles des systèmes de connaissances, comme la réponse émotionnelle, les valeurs et l’identité, présente un défi constant. Pourtant, rendre compte de ces aspects des connaissances constitue une composante critique de la gouvernance environnementale saillante et légitime. Les artistes et leurs œuvres peuvent jeter de la lumière sur les aspects moins tangibles des connaissances sur le changement et par conséquent, ils jouent un rôle important dans l’interface de systèmes de connaissances variés

The effects of policy-making within the planning framework of the National Health Service: the relationship between theory and practice

The re-organisation of the National Health Service (NHS) in 1974 was intended to have a profound and fundamental effect upon the decision-making underpinning the development and delivery of health care services. Re-organisation was considered necessary on two grounds: first to unite the tripartite structure of health care which had existed since 1948; and second to instil the discipline of a corporate management and planning system into the health service. By the late 1970s it had become clear that the corporate management planning system was not working; certainly not as its procreators had envisaged. The system was judged a failure on four counts: 1) health planning became largely prescriptive;2) it remained essentially incrementalist; 3) very few plans and policies produced were evaluated; and4) an inability to achieve the change envisaged. Given the perceived failure of the corporate management planning system to effect change in the NHS, the study sought to investigate two pertinent issues: firstly, the extent to which the philosophy and rationale of health planning is a guiding force leading to better policies; and secondly, to understand those factors which influence and impinge on the planning process and the resulting policy decisions. It is clear from the investigation that health planning in the NHS has failed to live up to expectations. The study has demonstrated that the introduction of a formal planning system into an organisation, however well-intended, is of itself not enough without additional and continuing support. In the local case study, mechanisms and procedures were established and adhered to, and yet very little in the way of acceptable and implementable plans were produced. Nevertheless policy changes did occur and a number of factors can be cited as explanation for this phenomenon. Leadership emerged from the study as being a crucial ingredient in any recipe for planning and policy-making. Power was another dominant factor which was generally applied in a negative sense but when used in a positive way, dramatic results were possible. The third ingredient necessary for effective planning and policy-making was involvement not only of others in the organisation but also of the public. However having these attributes is not enough and the study has demonstrated the need for a more integrated style of planning, policy-making and management, and a concept of strategic management is proffered as an appropriate vehicle for creating within the NHS the desired future change consistent with the needs of the public

EVALUATION OF CROP INSURANCE PREMIUM RATES FOR GEORGIA AND SOUTH CAROLINA PEACHES

We estimate actuarially fair premium rates for yield insurance for Georgia and South Carolina peaches for comparison to the premium rates established by the Risk Management Agency (RMA) for the 1999 crop. The RMA premium rates varied from county to county, but were identical for all growers in a given county. The estimated premium rates decrease with the grower's expected yield. The RMA rate structure encouraged adverse selection, as premium rates were too low for growers with low expected yields (especially at low coverage levels) and were too high for growers with high expected yields (especially at high coverage levels).adverse selection, crop insurance, peaches, premium rate, yield guarantee, Risk and Uncertainty,

Feeder Cattle Basis in South Carolina 2000-2004

Livestock Production/Industries,

REVENUE INSURANCE FOR GEORGIA AND SOUTH CAROLINA PEACHES

We estimate actuarially fair premium rates for yield and revenue insurance for Georgia and South Carolina peaches. The premium rates for both products decrease at a decreasing rate as the mean farm-level yield increases. In general, the premium rate for revenue insurance exceeds the premium rate for yield insurance for a given coverage level and expected yield. Although the revenue and yield insurance rates differ in a statistical sense, they do not appear to differ in an economic sense except at high coverage levels for growers with very high yields.crop insurance, peaches, revenue insurance, yield insurance, Risk and Uncertainty,