CIRCULAR MICROSTRIP TEXTILE ANTENNA

The speed of technology and its evolution with the help of human efforts and his thinking is growing like wildfire. Also the man machine relation has further taken forward big technical leaps in the world of Antenna and Microwave Technology. In near future we will see clothing and textile material to be lined up for antenna technology and together will be known as “Smart Clothes”. In this paper, circular microstrip for wearable application is been designed. This wearable is used to meet Bluetooth specifications and has been developed by using copper conducting parts and electrotextile (smart clothes). In this case jeans or cotton materials are used

SIMULATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ELLIPTICAL MICRO STRIP ANTENNA AT 750MHZ

In telecommunication industry, several types of antennas are used. The most common of which are the micro strip patch antennas (also known as printed antennas) or patch antenna. Patch antennas can be used in many types of communications links that may have varied requirements. A single patch antenna provides a maximum directive gain of around 6-9 dBi. We can design it to work at multiple frequencies. It is available in various shapes and configuration, most common of which is a rectangular micro strip antenna (RMSA).In this project we are designing single fed annular ring micro strip ntenna. The software used to model and simulate the micro strip patch antenna is ZeelandInc’s IE3D software. IE3D is a full-wave electromagnetic simulator based on the method of moments. It analyzes 3D and multilayer structures of general shapes. It has been widely used in the design of MICs, RFICs, patch antennas, wire antennas, and other RF/wireless antennas. An evaluation version of the software will be used to obtain the results

Efficacy of Panchavalkal Kwatha Dhawana followed by Panchavalkal Ghruta application in case of Dushta Vrana

Background: The Vrana is important topic in academic point of view, patient care and research of newer technique and drugs for easier and effective management. In ancient text a number of drugs and technique are talked about for Shodhana and Ropana of Vrana, one of them are medicated Ghruta preparation. In the present research work Panchawalkal Kwath Dhawana followed by Panchawalkal Ghruta application is used in the management of Dushta Vrana. Material & Method: On inspection wound was observed at thoroughly and case was diagnosed as Dushta Vrana and it was planned to be treated with application of Panchawalkal Kwatha Dhawana followed by Panchawalkal Ghruta application daily. Daily dressing in same manner was done upto the healing of Vrana. Internally medicine was provided as Triphala Guggula 500 mg twice a day and Gandhaka Rasayana twice a day for 30 days. The wound was assessed daily for pain, swelling, discharge, size, and shape. Conclusion: Panchwalkala Kwatha Dhawana eliminates the impurities wound which results in formation of healthy granulation tissue and its enhanced healing along with Panchavalkala Ghruta application acts for proper enhanced circulation to the wound which resulted in faster healing of wound

Formulation and Evaluation of Lornoxicam Nanosuspension with Eudragit Rs100 Polymer

BCS Class II has a low aqueous solubility problem in pharmaceutical formulation. Hence to overcome this problem this research the was carried out for BCS Class II drug lornoxicam was selected to enhance the aqueous solubility by formulating nanosuspension with a polymer like Eudragit RL100, Eudragit RS100 and Poloxamber407 as a stabilizer. The present study focuses on the polymer Eudragit RS100. A total of four formulations LRS-F1, LRS-F2, LRS-F3, LRS-F4, and LRS-F4 were prepared with a ratio of drug: polymer: stabilizer (1:1:0.5 & 1:2:0.5, 1:1:1 & 1:2:1)LRS-F4 formulation was found to be optimized formulation with  90.00 – 100 nm particle size & -11.20 zeta potential and % drug release at the end of 10 hrs was found to be 96.88 % with the increase in the dissolution/saturation solubility of 70.36±0.09 ( µg /mL) of poorly water-soluble lornoxicam (reported solubility with 14.28 µg /mL µg /mL). The amount unincorporated was found to be 09.74 % with an optimized formulation. Moreover, the physical appearance of the nanosuspension was found to be up to the mark confirming that the nanosuspension is stable and has no crystal growth or crystal development with optimized formulation at a temperature of 4 °C for 3 months. Poloxamer 407 as a stabilizer

Study of BaCl doped ZTS Crystals Grown by Gel Method

Optically good quality doped ZTS crystals with BaCl have grown by silica gel growth method at ambient temperature and their characterization have studied. The presence of functional groups of doped crystals has identified from FTIR spectra. The hardness analysis has performed with using different hardness models. Chemical Etching study has carried out in the present work. The second harmonic generation efficiency has tested from Kurtz-Perry test as the main important finding of this work. The results are reported in the paper

Antibacterial efficacy of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles against Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm: An in vitro study

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) produced using the fungi against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm model on root dentin. Materials and Methods: AgNPs were biosynthesized using the fungi Fusarium semitectum isolated from healthy leaves of Withania somnifera. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of AgNPs was determined by microbroth dilution method using series of dilutions. MIC dose was standardized to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy. For biofilm model, thirty root dentin blocks prepared using human extracted single-rooted teeth were inoculated with E. faecalis in Trypticase soy agar broth for 2 weeks with alternate day replenishment and randomly divided into three groups (n = 10 each) and treated as: Group I: Sterile distilled water, Group II: AgNPs, and Group III: 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. Each dentin block was rinsed in saline, vortex shaken for 60 s, and serial decimal dilutions were prepared and plated on trypticase soy agar plates and incubated for 24 h followed by CFU colony counting and statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey honestly significant difference test. Results: MIC of AgNPs for E. faecalis was determined as 30 mg/ml. No significant difference was seen between AgNPs and 2% CHX when compared to the control group with mean colony counts being 2.4, 2.5, and 6.77 CFU/ml (107), respectively (P < 0.0001), against E. faecalis biofilm. Conclusion: Biosynthesized AgNPs exhibit effective antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis biofilm on root dentin. Therefore, it can be employed as antimicrobial agent for root canal disinfection

Evaluation of antibacterial efficacy of fungal-derived silver nanoparticles against Enterococcus faecalis

Background: The main objective of endodontic therapy is complete elimination and prevention of bacteria from the root canal system; however, it is difficult due to anatomical ramifications of root canal system and growing resistant microbes to available disinfectants. Therefore, to overcome this problem, newer antimicrobial agents have to be developed. Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of fungal-derived biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against Enterococcus faecalis. Materials and Methods: Freshly prepared silver nanoparticles using the endophytic fungi Fusarium semitectum, characterized by different techniques were used to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy against E. faecalis by agar well diffusion method measuring the zone of inhibition using different concentrations of nanoparticles (AgNPs) (A [20 μl], B [40 μl], C [60 μl], D [80 μl], and E [100 μl]), F (0.2% chlorhexidine [CHX]), G (2% CHX), H (ampicillin), and I (distilled water) were used as control groups. Statistical Analysis Used: One-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey multiple comparison test was done. Results: AgNPs (100 ml) showed highest zone of inhibition 19.5 mm against E. faecalis. CHX (0.2%) 14.52 mm, CHX (2%) 20.02 mm, and ampicillin showed highest mean zone of inhibition 20.5 mm and distilled water showed no zone of inhibition. Results indicate no significant difference between E (100 μl), G (2% CHX), and H (ampicillin) (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: Biosynthesized AgNPs exhibit efficient antibacterial activity against E. faecalis and therefore can be used as root canal irrigant or intracanal medicament for root canal disinfection

Outcomes of Palliative Colonic Stent Placement in Malignant Colonic Obstruction: Experience from a Tertiary Care Oncology Center in India

Introduction Colonic self-expanding metal stent (SEMS) placement is the preferred method for palliation of malignant colonic obstruction. We analyzed outcomes of patients who underwent colonic SEMS placement for palliation at a tertiary care oncology center in Western India. Methods Retrospective review of the endoscopy database was done for patients who underwent colonic SEMS placement at our center between January 2013 and September 2021. Demographic details, intent of stent placement, site of obstruction, length of stricture, technical success of stenting, clinical success, and complications (both immediate and long term) were noted. Results Sixty-one patients underwent colonic SEMS placement during the study period (mean age 53.6 years, 50.7% men). Obstruction was due to primary colonic malignancy in 43 (70.5%) patients and extracolonic malignancies in 18 (29.5%) patients. Most common extracolonic malignancy was gallbladder cancer in 8 (44.4%) patients. Most common site of obstruction was sigmoid colon in 18 (29.5%) patients. Proximal colonic obstruction was seen in 17 (27.9%) patients. Peritoneal metastases were seen in 26 (42.6%) patients. Colonoscopy revealed an impassable stenosis in 58 (95.1%) patients. Median length of stricture was 5 cm (range 2–9 cm). Technical success was achieved in 98.3% (60/61). Clinical success was achieved in 51 (86.4%) patients. Perforation during colonic SEMS placement was seen in 2 (3.4%) patients. Stent migration was seen in 3 (5.9%) patients, needing surgery for retrieval in all 3 patients. Over a median follow-up of 9 months (0–21 months), stent block was seen in 7 (13.7%) patients. Stent block developed after a median period of 6 months. Of these patients, three patients underwent SEMS placement within the SEMS and the other four patients underwent surgery. Conclusion Colonic SEMS placement achieves good palliation of malignant colonic obstruction in approximately 87% patients. Long-term complications like obstruction occur in a few patients after a median duration of 6 months

Efficacy of Apnoeic Oxygenation by Nasal Prongs in Preventing Desaturation during Airway Management in Infants Undergoing General Anaesthesia: A Randomised Controlled Study

Introduction: Neonates and infants are more prone to desaturation during the apnoeic period of laryngoscopy and intubation. Various options exist to reduce this risk beyond conventional preoxygenation. Aim: To assess whether continuous apnoeic oxygenation via nasal prongs during intubation can extend the safe apnoea period compared to standard management with preoxygenation alone. Materials and Methods: A randomised controlled, two-group parallel clinical study was conducted at the Department of Anaesthesiology, Vijayanagar Institute of Medical Sciences, Ballari, Karnataka, India, from July 2019 to November 2020. The study involved 63 infants aged one day to six months undergoing elective or emergency surgeries under general anaesthesia. Preoxygenation via a mask was followed by sevoflurane induction and vecuronium-induced muscle relaxation. Conventional laryngoscopy and intubation were performed in 32 infants in Group-C (Control group), while 31 infants in Group-O (Apnoeic Oxygenation group) also received oxygen (O2 ) via nasal prongs at 4 L/min in addition to preoxygenation. The primary outcome parameter was the time taken for desaturation by 1%. The time taken to desaturate by 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%, as well as their incidences, lowest observed saturation, safe apnoea period, and Heart Rate (HR) trends, were also noted. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 and OpenEpi version 3.01. Results: Demographic and clinical parameters were comparable between the groups. The mean time for 1% desaturation was 18.33±4.3 seconds in Group-C, while all Group-O cases maintained 100% saturation during the study period. No significant difference was found in the safe apnoea period between the groups (p=0.503). The average lowest O2 saturation observed in Group-C was 98.81±1.28%, while it was 100% in Group-O. Only one infant in Group-C showed desaturation down to 95%. Both groups exhibited similar HR trends. Conclusion: Apnoeic oxygenation by nasal prongs in healthy infants helps prolong the time to desaturation and can be beneficial for those at risk of desaturation and hypoxia