Community Participation toward Tourism Development and Conservation Program in Rural World Heritage Sites

Community participation in tourism development and World Heritage Site (WHS) conservation management is essential for the sustainable development of WHS destinations. Local communities play a significant role in reviving and sustaining WHSs. Community participation ranges from involvement in the decision-making processes at the highest level down to economic involvement and the promotion of the destination at the lowest level. What shape community participation ultimately takes depends on the circumstance of destinations. This study attempts to review the current community participation literature with respect to rural WHS destinations, synthesising the current literature by way of a systematic review. The findings reveal a preference among rural WHS residents for economic involvement and destination promotion rather than participation in the decision-making process. The findings of this study expand upon the community participation literature, clarifying the concept in the context of rural WHS destinations. In addition, the results have practical implications for local authorities responsible for the sustainable conservation management and tourism development of rural WHS—that these seemingly competing objectives are best achieved by involving local residents in economic activities and increasing their benefits from tourism

Perceived Social Effects of Tourism Development: A Case Study of Kinabalu National Park

We investigate the perceived social effects of tourism development on local communities from the perspective of local residents in selected locations near Kinabalu National Park. Local residents (n=378) were surveyed using a questionnaire and the collected data subjected to a series of descriptive analysis methods. Most respondents indicated that tourism, aside from being a stimulus for various cultural activities, had significantly increased their and other local people‟s pride in their national and local culture. Additionally, respondents indicated that community facilities had been improved as a result of tourism, and that their quality of life had also significantly improved. Paradoxically, the results indicated several negative effects, such as congestion and the exposure of anti-social behavior to the local community. However, the findings revealed that most local residents believed that the positive effects of tourism outweighed the negative. Obstacles to the sustainable Management of tourism in Kinabalu National Park must be overcome through the combined efforts of key stakeholders involved in tourism, including government and local authorities. The participation of the local community is an essential part of this bridging process because their involvement helps to protect and conserve the area as a tourist attraction. Moreover, participation can also help overcome negative social effects. Keywords: Positive perceived social effects, negative perceived social effect, tourism development, residents‟ perceptions, local community, sustainable tourism

Gen Z and the flight shame movement: Examining the intersection of emotions, biospheric values, and environmental travel behaviour in an eastern society

Using the norm activation model (NAM), our research delves into the impact of environmental concerns, and environmental self-assets on environmentally responsible travel behaviour (ENVRB), and the role of affective constructs (love for nature [LNA], respect for nature and flight shame) on travelling behaviour among Generation Z in India. Through a prediction-oriented and exploratory approach using partial least squares–structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), our study reveals strong effects of environmental concerns and self-assets on responsible travel behaviour, and the mediating role of LNA in these relationships; the mediating role of respect for nature was insignificant. Furthermore, flight shame emerges as a strong predictor of responsible travel behaviour, mediating the transition from love and respect for nature to responsible travel behaviour. Our findings underscore the importance of emotional factors such as love and respect for nature in promoting sustainable consumer behaviour. We emphasise the need for tailored sustainable tourism initiatives to overcome emerging economies’ cultural patterns and psychological barriers. The findings suggested that nurturing a deep love and respect for nature and promoting environmental self-assets and concerns are crucial for successful sustainable tourism initiatives among Gen Z. Avenues for future research are also discussed. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group

Guideline for application of fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) in tourism and hospitality studies

The aim of this chapter is to review and illustrate a step-by-step guideline in conducting fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) in tourism and hospitality studies. As an emerging method, fsQCA is simultaneously quantitative and qualitative in nature which makes it an appropriate method for social science disciplines including tourism and hospitality area because of complex nature of relationships between multiple variables where theories and models are underdeveloped. Unlike conventional statistical techniques, fsQCA is an asymmetrical analysis technique that provides a holistic view and interrelationships among several conditions using Boolean algebra. The fsQCA analyses produce comprehensive assessment by revealing causal combinations of antecedents to predict an outcome; and identify sufficient configurations (i.e., causal combinations and recipes) and necessary condition/s. By utilizing this method, researchers would be able to produce complex, comprehensive, and robust results

Exploring the components of meal-sharing experiences with local foods: A netnography approach

This study aims to explore and ascertain the components of meal-sharing experiences with local foods of international travellers. This study offers insights into the factors influencing local food tourists’ evaluation of destination experiences of a sharing economy platform. A netnography approach is applied to understand the meal-sharing experience and 957 online reviews are examined which were posted on Eatwith by visitors who participated in the meal-sharing economy platform in Rome (Italy) between 2013 and 2020. Findings reveal seven components of meal-sharing experiences with local foods: authenticity, social interaction, local hospitality, awe, local culture, novelty, and servicescape. Findings show that participants can interpret their meal-sharing experience in different ways. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first research that uses online reviews to explore and understand the meal-sharing experience with local foods. This study has unique theoretical contribution by exploring the components of meal-sharing experience with local foods, as well as practical implications for service providers in order to enhance their service and experience quality

City Development Strategies (CDS) and Sustainable Urbanization in Developing World

AbstractA process that balances among economic, environmental and social perspective on urban area is prominently known as “Sustainable urbanization”. There is an expert system required to create this balance. Alternatively, to balance various aspects, urban planning is a conventional tool adapted. To achieve sustainability, urban planning has a key role in providing the balance. In significantly represented portion of developing countries, City Development Strategies (CDS) is an emerging strategic urban planning approach to maintain sustainability. This achievement varies at different level based on various definitions of CDS. By choosing some specific definitions of CDS by international agencies, this paper studies and compares the accomplishment

What Influences Visitor Mindfulness at World Heritage Sites?

Mindfulness refers to a state of mind in which a person selectively and actively processes information gathered from their surrounding environment. This concept may be helpful for enhancing visitor learning at heritage sites. However, there is a paucity of literature exploring the concept of mindfulness in tourism. This study investigates the influence of both setting and visitor factors on the state of mindfulness of visitors to selected heritage sites at the Malacca World Heritage Site (WHS), Malaysia. We demonstrate that various factors correlate with visitor mindfulness, namely variety, personal connection, and the interactivity of communication media. Conversely, other visitor characteristics do not influence mindfulness directly, namely age, gender, education, nationality, and frequency of visitation. However, these features do affect the setting factors. This study contributes to the mindfulness literature regarding the importance of setting and visitor factors in a WHS and recommends that mindfulness be considered as part of an overall approach toward more sustainable heritage tourism

Value co-destruction in Airbnb: antecedents and outcomes

Using cognitive appraisal theory, service-dominant logic, and conservation of resources theory, this study tests a proposed model of the antecedents and outcomes of value co-destruction in Airbnb. First, the effects of host's bad behaviour and poor customer service are evaluated as antecedents of distrust in host. Second, the effects of both cognitive (distrust in the host) and affective (negative emotions) factors as determinants of value co-destruction and the subsequent consequences on guests’ hedonic wellbeing, dissatisfaction and negative electronic word-of-mouth were evaluated. A web-based survey was conducted through Amazon Mechanical Turk, and data were gathered from 427 tourists who had negative experiences with Airbnb hosts and platform customer service agents. Both host's bad behaviour and poor customer service contributed to distrust in host. Results showed that both cognitive and affective factors contributed to value co-destruction. Results have both theoretical and managerial implications

Does living in the vicinity of heritage tourism sites influence residents’ perceptions and attitudes?

This study investigates whether the perceptions and attitudes of residents living within the vicinity of heritage tourism sites differ from those living further afield. It examines residents' attitudes toward tourism development; community attachment; local environment and culture; economic gain; and involvement, alongside the moderating role of distance from heritage tourism sites. In doing so, it investigates how the aforementioned factors influence residents' perceptions of tourism development in their city. Data was collected from inhabitants of Kashan and Tabriz, two historic cities couched within Iran's growing heritage tourism sector, and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings demonstrate significant differences between the perceptions of tourism impacts, economic gain, environmental and cultural attitudes, and involvement between residents living within the vicinity of heritage tourism sites and those living further afield. However, these findings contradicted the hypotheses; identifying higher positive perceptions, environmental and cultural attitudes, economic gain, and involvement for residents living far from heritage tourism sites. Further, the findings did not support the moderating role of distance for the effects of influencing factors on residents' perceptions. Therefore, this study proffers significant theoretical contributions and practical implications with regards to developing sustainable tourism in Iran