Family Structure Changes and Children´s Health, Behavior, and Educational Outcomes

More and more children do not grow up in traditional nuclear fam- ilies. Instead, they grow up in single-parent households or in fami- lies with a step-parent. Hence, it is important to improve our under- standing of the impact of "shocks" in family structure due to parental relationship dissolution on children. In this study I empirically test whether children are traumatized both in the short and the long run by shocks in the family structure during childhood. I focus on edu- cational, behavioral, and health outcomes. A population sample of Danish children born in January to May 1985 is used for the analysis. The empirical cross-sectional analysis indicates a negative relation be- tween the number of family structure changes and children’s health, behavior, and educational outcomes. These results are con…rmed by a di¤erences-in-di¤erences analysis of health outcomes. This suggests that there is not only a selection e¤ect, but also a causal e¤ect on children of shocks in the family structure.Family structure; child outcomes; health; crime; education

Allocation of Parental Time and the Long-Term E¤ect on Children's Education

This paper empirically and theoretically links parental time use decisions to child development in a household with two full-time employed parents. Both parents’ time spent on childcare is explicitly taken into account as well as childcare bought in the market. It is shown that the quality of market-provided childcare vs. the quality of parental childcare is crucial for parents’time use de- cisions but availability of paternal childcare does not directly a¤ect the mother’s childcare decision. The e¤ect of parental childcare time on children’s educa- tional outcome is tested using Danish time use data combined with administra- tive register data. I …nd a statistically signi…cant positive association between mothers’childcare time on weekdays and children’s outcomes as well as a pos- itive association between fathers’ childcare time on weekends and children’s outcomes. Parents’time spent on childcare is negatively related to the amount of time spent on paid work.Time use; childcare; child development

The challenges of human population ageing

The 20th century saw an unprecedented increase in average human lifespan as well as a rapid decline in human fertility in many countries of the world. The accompanying worldwide change in demographics of human populations is linked to unanticipated and unprecedented economic, cultural, medical, social, public health and public policy challenges, whose full implications on a societal level are only just beginning to be fully appreciated. Some of these implications are discussed in this commentary, an outcome of Cultures of Health and Ageing, a conference co-sponsored by the University of Copenhagen (UCPH) and the Center for Healthy Ageing at UCPH, which took place on 20–21 June 2014 in Copenhagen, Denmark. Questions discussed here include the following: what is driving age-structural change in human populations? how can we create ‘age-friendly’ societies and promote ‘ageing-in-community’? what tools will effectively promote social engagement and prevent social detachment among older individuals? is there a risk that further extension of human lifespan would be a greater burden to the individual and to society than is warranted by the potential benefit of longer life

Fra 15 til 22 elever i klassen: Hvordan påvirker større klasse elevenes læringsmiljø og trivsel?

Published version available at http://dx.doi.org/10.15714/scandpsychol.2.e16Vår studie viser at klassestørrelse ikke nødvendigvis spiller noen rolle for elevenes trivsel på skolen, i klassen og i friminuttene. Læringsmiljøet ble imidlertid mer preget av uro og bråk, skriver Camilla Lauritzen og kolleger

Antarctic krill and ecosystem monitoring survey off the South Orkney Islands in 2023

Environmental monitoring along 5 set transect lines off South Orkney Islands in the Southern Ocean have been carried out annually (since 2011) by the Institute of Marine Research, Norway. Data are used to calculate biomass of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) as well as mapping distribution and demographic composition of krill, but also other macrozooplankton and fish taxa. Visual sightings of cetaceans and pinnipeds are registered systematically along the transects during daylight hours. During this year's survey, a pilot photo-drone project was also undertaken to investigate the potential of employing this type of technology to monitor body-size of individual whales to form the basis for calculating energetics and prey needs. Personnel were also deployed on Powell Island with breeding chinstrap penguins to satellite-tag penguins. At the same time, we maneuvered an unmanned sail drone, fitted with an echosounder, via satellite communication into what is known to be the preferred feeding area for chinstraps that breed at Powell Island. This data will be used to study swarm types in relation to penguins foraging strategies as well as assessing potential spatiotemporal overlaps with fisheries. Herein we report on the survey activities from 2023 and present some preliminary results.Antarctic krill and ecosystem monitoring survey off the South Orkney Islands in 2023publishedVersio