8 research outputs found
Attenuation of glycation-induced multiple protein modifications by Indian antidiabetic plant extracts
Context: Protein glycation is the major contributing factor in the development of diabetic complications. The antiglycation potential of medicinal plants provides a promising opportunity as complementary interventions for complications. Objective: To investigate the antiglycation potential of 19 medicinal plants extracts using albumin by estimating different indicators: (1) glycation (early and late), (2) albumin oxidation, and (3) amyloid aggregation. Materials and methods: The effect of aqueous plant extracts (1% w/v) on protein glycation was assessed by incubating albumin (10 mg/mL) with fructose (250 mM) for 4 days. Degree of protein glycation in the absence and presence of plant extracts was assessed by estimating fructosamine, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), carbonyls, free thiol group and β-amyloid aggregation. Results: Petroselinum crispum, Boerhavia diffusa, Terminalia chebula, Swertia chirayita and Glycyrrhiza glabra showed significant antiglycating activity. P. crispum and A. barbadensis inhibited the carbonyl stress and protected the thiol group from oxidative damage. There was significant correlation between protein thiols and amyloid inhibition (R = −.69, p < .001). Conclusion: P. crispum, B. diffusa and T. chebula had the most potent antiglycation activity. These plant exerted noticeable antiglycation activity at different glycation modifications of albumin. These findings are important for identifying plants with potential to combat diabetic complications
Crosstalk between Aldosterone and Glycation through Rac‑1 Induces Diabetic Nephropathy
Background: Advanced glycation end products
(AGEs)
interaction with its receptor (RAGE) and aldosterone (Aldo) through
the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activates Rac-1 and NF-κB
independently in diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, the crosstalk
of Aldo with AGEs-RAGE is still unresolved. Our study examined the
impact of the AGEs-Aldo complex on renal cells and its effect on the
RAGE-MR interaction. Methods and results: Glycation of
human serum albumin (HSA) (40 mg/mL) with methylglyoxal (10 mM) in
the presence of Aldo (100 nM) and aminoguanidine (AG) (100 nM) was
performed. Glycation markers such as fructosamine and carbonyl groups
and fluorescence of AGEs, pentosidine, and tryptophan followed by
protein modification were measured. Renal (HEK-293T) cells were treated
with the glycated HSA-Aldo (200 μg/mL) along with FPS-ZM1 and
spironolactone antagonists for RAGE and Aldo, respectively, for 24
h. Glycation markers and esRAGE levels were measured. Protein and
mRNA levels of RAGE, MR, Rac-1, and NF-κB were estimated. Glycation
markers were enhanced with Aldo when albumin was only 14–16%
glycated. AGEs-Aldo complex upregulated RAGE, MR, Rac-1 and NF-κB
expressions. However, FPS-ZM1 action might have activated the RAGE-independent
pathway, further elevating MR, Rac-1, and NF-κB levels. Conclusion: Our study concluded that the presence of Aldo
has a significant impact on glycation. In the presence of AGEs-Aldo,
RAGE-MR crosstalk exerts inflammatory responses through Rac-1 in DN.
Insights into this molecular interplay are crucial for developing
novel therapeutic strategies to alleviate DN in the future