Determination of Delinquency in the Juvenile Court: A Suggested Approach

The object of this Article is to show that there is no inherent inconsistency between the juvenile court philosophy of correction in lieu of punishment on the one hand, and on the other, the equally sound proposition that when a child commits what would constitute a crime if the same act were committed by an adult, fair play requires that the child be afforded equal procedural safeguards

Listening Leadership: An Academic Perspective

Much of the literature on leadership continues to focus on the leader who has the ability to shape a vision and articulate that vision, a vision that resonates with the mission, values, personnel and technology that make up the organization. To shape and articulate a resonant vision, the effective leader must be willing and able to listen. Only through listening to the stakeholders can a leader know how that vision should best be framed and implemented. One significant way that leadership listening can be implemented is through listening sessions. This study provides a detailed example of the effective use of listening sessions in an academic setting. University of Maryland administrators offer observations on the role of listening to engage students, faculty, staff, and administrators in developing strategic plans for moving forward

Application of Upconverting Nanoparticles and Gold Nanorods for Biomedical Sensing and Detection

Nanoparticles are organized structures that exist on scales between the molecular and cellular levels. They are being intensively studied in a variety of fields for their potential to overcome the limitations of traditional materials. In particular, inorganic nanoparticles such as rare-earth doped, upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) and gold nanorods (AuNRs) are being investigated as the next generation of biological optical sensors, as well as potential therapeutic agents. This thesis summarizes the work that I have done in the synthesis, design, fabrication, and implementation of UCNPs and AuNRs towards biological applications. It covers how to make both UCNPs and AuNRs, and also explains how to conjugate them with molecular species such as optical dyes or antibodies. Using a nanoparticle system consisting of a Tm3+-doped UCNP conjugated to the pH sensitive fluorescent dye FITC, my colleagues and I were able to demonstrate optical, ratiometric sensing of pH. Similarly, we were able to conjugate Er3+-doped UCNPs and AuNRs with the commercial antibody C225 to target bladder cancer cells and tumors. Irradiation of the C225-conjugated UCNPs with 980 nm light allowed the specific, optical detection of cancerous cells, while irradiation with 808 nm light led to observed cell death due to photothermal damage caused by the AuNRs. This combination of imaging and therapeutic capabilities makes these C225-conjugation nanoparticles very promising for future cancer treatments.</p

La resiliencia frente al clima en Ruanda: evaluación de la vulnerabilidad al riesgo de los refugiados y las poblaciones de acogida

En Ruanda, tanto los refugiados en campamentos como las poblaciones de acogida a menudo se enfrentan a grandes peligros relacionados con el clima. Estudios recientes evalúan el potencial de las estrategias de reducción de los riesgos climáticos para minimizar los daños y la pérdida de vidas, mejorar la salud pública y el bienestar, y proteger los medios de vida