866 research outputs found
Quantile reference values for peak oxygen uptake: Cross-sectional study of 9,354 adult participants of cardiopulmonary exercise tests using cycle ergometry in three German cities.
Background
Low cardiorespiratory tness is a crucial risk factor for premature death and a plethora
of health threats. It is determined by measuring the maximal volitional oxygen consumption
(V_ O2peak) in incremental cardiopulmonary exercise tests. The interpretation of an
individual's V_ O2peak is only meaningful if sex-speci c and age-speci c reference values
are considered. The primary goal of this study was to create reference values for V_ O2peak
based on cardiopulmonary exercise tests using cycle ergometry.
Methods
The data were acquired in the course of primary preventive health screenings. Overall,
9,354 German white-collar workers (6,063 men, 3,291 women) aged 25 to 69 years who
performed cycle ergometry-based incremental exercise tests were included in the analysis.
Three study centres recorded the data in a central database (Prevention First Registry)
for an inquiry period between 2001 and 2015. Quantile regressions were used to create
nomograms and an interactive web application was developed (www.uks.eu/vo2peak).
Apparent and external validations of the regression ts were performed. The generalisability
of this sample was assessed by comparing ve characteristics to a study which was
representative of the German population. Exercise test modalities were not recorded in
the full dataset but were acquired retrospectively for a random sample with an a priori
calculated sample size of 252 participants.
Results
An estimated proportion of 97% of the recorded exercise tests was continued until exertion.
The reference values showed a particularly high validity for the age groups from 30 to
64 years. 3/5 characteristics in men and 4/5 characteristics in women of this sample
were signi cantly di erent from the German population, indicating a selection of healthy
participants.
Conclusions
The reference values presented by this study are based on one of the most extensive
databases in this eld. They can be used for participants of cycle ergometry-based exercise
tests aged 25 to 69 years who are part of a population that is comparable to this study.Hintergrund
Eine niedrige kardiorespiratorische Fitness ist ein entscheidender modi zierbarer Risikofaktor
f ur vorzeitiges Versterben sowie eine Vielzahl von weiteren Gesundheitsgefahren.
Sie wird bestimmt, indem die maximal willku rliche Sauersto aufnahme (V_ O2peak) bei
einer spiroergometrischen Untersuchung gemessen wird. Die individuelle V_ O2peak ist
jedoch nur aussagekr aftig, wenn sie mit geschlechtsspezi schen und altersspezi schen
Referenzwerten verglichen wird. Das prim are Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Erstellung von
Referenzwerten fu r die V_ O2peak, welche im Rahmen von Spiroergometrien mit Fahrradergometern
erhoben wurden.
Methoden
Die Datenerhebung erfolgte im Rahmen von pr aventivmedizinischen Untersuchungen bei
denen eine Spiroergometrie mit Fahrradergometern durchf uhrt wurde. Insgesamt wurden
9,354 Teilnehmer (6,063 M anner, 3,291 Frauen) im Alter von 25 bis 69 Jahren in die
Analyse eingeschlossen. Die Teilnehmer waren vor allem B uroangestellte mit einem bewegungsarmen
Arbeitsumfeld. Untersuchungen aus drei deutschen Zentren wurden in einer
zentralen Datenbank (Prevention First Registry) gespeichert. Quantilregressionen wurden
berechnet um Nomogramme zu erstellen und eine Webapplikation wurde entwickelt
(www.uks.eu/vo2peak). Apparente und externe Validierungen der Quantilregressionen
wurden durchgef uhrt. F unf Merkmale dieser Studienpopulation wurden mit einer f ur
Deutschland repr asentativen Studie verglichen um die Repr asentativit at der Ergebnisse
zu untersuchen. Die Testmodalit aten der Spiroergometrien wurden nicht in der zentralen
Datenbank gespeichert und wurden deshalb f ur eine Zufallsstichprobe mit einer a priori
berechneten Fallzahl von 252 Teilnehmern erhoben.
Ergebnisse
Bei einem gesch atzten Anteil von 97% der Teilnehmer wurden Ausbelastungskriterien
erf ullt. Die Referenzwerte zeigten eine besonders hohe Validit at f ur die Altersgruppen
von 30 bis 64 Jahre. 3/5 Merkmale bei M annern und 4/5 Merkmale bei Frauen dieser
Studienpopulation zeigten signi kante Unterschiede zur deutschen Bev olkerung. Dies
deutet auf eine Selektion von gesunden Teilnehmern hin.
Schlussfolgerung
Die Referenzwerte dieser Studie basieren auf einer der umfangreichsten bisher publizierten
Datengrundlagen in diesem Feld. Sie k onnen f ur Teilnehmer von fahrradergometrischen
Spiroergometrien im Alter von 25 bis 69 Jahren verwendet werden, die einer Bev olkerungsgruppe
angeh oren, welche vergleichbar mit dieser Studienpopulation ist
Considering the shareholder perspective: value-based management systems and stock market performance
We empirically study the use of value-based management systems in listed German firms and examine implications for firms' stock market performance. Using a novel, hand-collected data set covering 1,083 firm years from 2002 to 2008, we find that value-based management systems become increasingly common. Specifically, in 2008 42% of our sample firms have implemented such a system. In the empirical analysis, we find that firms that implement value-based management systems earn statistically significant and economically substantial abnormal stock market returns measured within a two-year adoption phase. These excess returns are not jeopardized by poor post-adoption returns. In the analysis, we carefully control for risk and account for endogeneity concerns. Overall, our findings support the view that shareholders consider the adoption of a value-based management system as a credible signal that management will focus on shareholder interests and that such systems actually increase shareholder value. --value-based management,corporate governance,econometric analysis,Germany
Oncogenic fusion protein BCR-FGFR1 requires the breakpoint cluster region-mediated oligomerization and chaperonin Hsp90 for activation.
Mutation and translocation of fibroblast growth factor receptors often lead to aberrant signaling and cancer. This work focuses on the t(8;22)(p11;q11) chromosomal translocation which creates the breakpoint cluster region (BCR) fibroblast growth factor receptor1 (FGFR1) (BCR-FGFR1) fusion protein. This fusion occurs in stem cell leukemia/lymphoma, which can progress to atypical chronic myeloid leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, or B-cell lymphoma. This work focuses on the biochemical characterization of BCR-FGFR1 and identification of novel therapeutic targets. The tyrosine kinase activity of FGFR1 is required for biological activity as shown using transformation assays, interleukin-3 independent cell proliferation, and liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy analyses. Furthermore, BCR contributes a coiled-coil oligomerization domain, also essential for oncogenic transformation by BCR-FGFR1. The importance of salt bridge formation within the coiled-coil domain is demonstrated, as disruption of three salt bridges abrogates cellular transforming ability. Lastly, BCR-FGFR1 acts as a client of the chaperonin heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), suggesting that BCR-FGFR1 relies on Hsp90 complex to evade proteasomal degradation. Transformed cells expressing BCR-FGFR1 are sensitive to the Hsp90 inhibitor Ganetespib, and also respond to combined treatment with Ganetespib plus the FGFR inhibitor BGJ398. Collectively, these data suggest novel therapeutic approaches for future stem cell leukemia/lymphoma treatment: inhibition of BCR oligomerization by disruption of required salt bridges; and inhibition of the chaperonin Hsp90 complex
LIFETIMES OF HUMAN OCCUPATIONS IN AMAZONIA: RETHINKING THE HUMAN PRESENCE AND LANDSCAPE TRANSFORMATIONS
Following the Historical Ecologists approach, this article will use data from different collaborative with the intention of showing that the Amazon rainforest today, considered by many as the one of very few wild, pristine and unspoilt environments on the planet is actually the result of a long period of human managements that have had beneficial impacts on the system. This is an extremely important premise to rethink the role of traditional populations to preserve the Amazon. This work addresses the four main moments in the history of human occupation in the Amazon: the early migrants; the first more stationary occupations, the great villages, the population peak around the year one thousand and the traditional populations today.
Key-words: Historical Ecology. Traditional Amazonian societies. Amazonian archaeology.Seguindo a abordagem dos Ecologistas HistĂłricos, este artigo usarĂĄ dados de diferentes projetos colaborativos com o intuito de demonstrar que a floresta amazĂŽnica atual, considerada por muitos como um dos poucos ambientes selvagens, pristinos e intocados do planeta, Ă©, na verdade, o resultado de um longo perĂodo manejos humanos que causaram impactos benĂ©ficos ao sistema. Essa premissa Ă© extremamente importante para repensar o papel das populaçÔes tradicionais para a preservação da AmazĂŽnia. Este trabalho foca quatro momentos principais da histĂłria da ocupação humana na AmazĂŽnia: os migrantes iniciais; as primeiras ocupaçÔes mais fixas, as grandes aldeias, o ĂĄpice populacional por volta do ano mil e as populaçÔes tradicionais atuais.
Palavras-chaves: Ecologia HistĂłrica. Sociedades amazĂŽnicas tradicionais. Arqueologia amazĂŽnica
The value of multimodality imaging for detection, characterisation and management of a wall adhering structure in the right atrium
The case presents a wall adherent structure in the right atrium in a young patient with peripheral tcell
lymphoma followed by successful prolonged lysis therapy resulting in the resolution of the
thrombus is presented. This case highlights the utility of multimodality imaging in an accurate
assessment of the right atrium thrombus and the effectiveness of prolonged lysis therapy.peer-reviewe
New Frontiers of Quantified Self 3: Exploring Understudied Categories of Users
Quantified Self (QS) field needs to start thinking of how situated needs may affect the use of self-tracking technologies. In this workshop we will focus on the idiosyncrasies of specific categories of users
PrĂĄticas FunerĂĄrias na AmazĂŽnia: a morte, a diversidade e os locais de enterramento
Resumo: neste trabalho buscou-se um diĂĄlogo com alguns conceitos teĂłricos oriundos da Antropologia (Teoria da PrĂĄtica e Identidade) aplicados ao estudo de contextos funerĂĄrios. Esses conceitos
foram associados Ă metodologia da arqueologia da morte (elaborados por Duday e Masset em 1986) e aplicados aos contextos da arqueologia AmazĂŽnica. Como resultado tem-se atualmente um panorama inicial das prĂĄticas funerĂĄrias de diferentes partes da AmazĂŽnia, constituindo um
corpo de dados passĂvel de ser comparado Ă s grandes teorias de ocupação dessa regiĂŁo.
Palavras-chave: Arqueologia AmazĂŽnica. PrĂĄticas FunerĂĄrias. Gestos
Sistemåtica filogenética de espécies do grupo Leptodactylus marmoratus (Anura, Leptodactylidae) : uma abordagem miológica e osteológica
Dissertação (mestrado)âUniversidade de BrasĂlia, Instituto de CiĂȘncias BiolĂłgicas, Departamento de CiĂȘncias FisiolĂłgicas, 2012.O gĂȘnero Leptodactylus Ă© composto por 89 espĂ©cies distribuidas no sul da
América do Norte, América do Sul e algumas ilhas Caribenhas. Estas espécies costumam ser divididas em cinco grupos fenéticos. O grupo L. marmoratus é caracterizado por espécies de pequeno porte que constroem cùmaras subterrùneas aonde se desenvolvem girinos endo ou exotróficos. Anålises filogenéticas com base em dados moleculares recentes sugerem que o grupo L. marmoratus
seja monofilético. Entretanto, poucos estudos analisaram as relaçÔes entre as espécies do grupo e hå escassos trabalhos morfológicos com o grupo. Com base nisso, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo investigar conjuntos de dados miológicos e osteológicos e, a partir destes,
propor uma hipótese filogenética para espécies do grupo L. marmoratus. Foram
acessados dados da musculatura superficial da mandĂbula, hiĂłide e da lĂngua, assim
como a osteologia cranial e pós-cranial de 12 espécies do grupo (duas das quais ainda
não foram descritas) e duas espécies do grupo externo. Um levantamento preliminar de
mĂșsculos de duas espĂ©cies do grupo
L. fuscus também foi realizado. Em todas as
espĂ©cies do grupo analisadas foram encontradas evidĂȘncias de dimorfismo sexual para os mĂșsculos petrohiĂłide anterior e geniohiĂłide lateral, os quais estĂŁo relacionados ao aparato hiĂłide. TambĂ©m foram encontradas caracterĂsticas sexualmente dimorficas na osteologia da regiĂŁo do crĂąnio de todas as espĂ©cies do grupo L. marmoratus. A maior parte dos mĂșsculos analisados se manteve constante entre as espĂ©cies do grupo
L. marmoratus. Entretanto, diferenças foram encontradas entre este grupo e duas espécies
do grupo L. fuscus, o que sugere que possam representar informaçÔes indicativas de
grupos monofiléticos entre as espécies de
Leptodactylus. Assumindo-se que o grupo
L. marmoratus seja monofilĂ©tico, realizamos uma anĂĄlise cladĂstica com 42 caracteres. Os
resultados indicam grande conteĂșdo de informação entre os caracteres avaliados, uma vez que apenas uma ĂĄrvore sem politomias foi obtida. Estes resultados corroboram o
monofilestismo das espécies do grupo L. marmoratus. Este grupo se subdividiu em dois
clados: um composto por espécies amazÎnicas de ambientes abertos e de Cerrado, e
outro clado composto por espécies do sudeste, sul, nordeste e uma espécie amazÎnica de ambiente florestado. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThe genus Leptodactylus comprises 89 species which are distributed along south
of North America, South America and a few Caribbean islands. These species are commonly divided in five phenetic groups. The L. marmoratus group is characterized
by its small sized species that construct subterranean chambers where the development
of endo or exotrophic tadpoles takes place. Phylogenetic analyses based in recent
molecular data suggest that the L. marmoratus group is monophyletic. However, few studies have analyzed the internal relationships between its species and there are scarce morphological studies with the group. Based on these facts, this work aimed to investigate sets of miological and osteological data and, from these, propose a
phylogenetic hypothesis for species of the
L. marmoratus group. We accessed data from
the superficial mandible, hyoid and tongue musculature, as well as cranial and
postcranial osteology for 12 species of the group (two of which have not yet been
described) e two species of the outgroup. A preliminary survey of muscles of two
species of the group L. fuscus was also accomplished. Evidence of sexual dimorphism is indicated for the mĂșscles anterior petrohyoideus and geniohyoideus lateralis, which are involved with the hyoide apparatus. We also found sexually dimorphic characteristics on the cranial osteology of all the species of the L. marmoratus
group examined. The majority of the muscles analyzed were constant between the species of the L. marmoratus group, however distinct differences were found between the species of this group and species of the L. fuscus
group, suggesting that they might indicate
monophyletic groups among the species of
Leptodactylus. Assuming that the L.
marmoratus group is monophyletic, we implemented a cladistic analysis with 42
characters. The results indicate a large amount of information between the characters, since only one tree without polytomies was obtained. These results corroborate the monophyletism of the
L. marmoratus group. This group was subdivided in two clades: one composed of Amazonian species of open habitats and of Cerrado, and another clade composed of species of the southeast, south and northeastern Brazil and one Amazonian
species of forested regions
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