BIOFABRICATION OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING LEAVES OF GLORIOSA SUPERBA AND ITS ANTICANCER PROPERTIES

  Objective: We aimed to synthesize the cost effective, one pot and an eco-friendly technique for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using 1 mM of silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution through the aqueous leaf extracts of Gloriosa superba (GS) reducing and capping agent and its anticancer activity.Methods: Synthesis briefly 95 mL of 1 mM AgNO3 was taken into amber colored conical flask and added 5 mL of aqueous leaf extract of GS (pale brown) and incubated at room temperature in dark condition for about 24 hrs. Characterization of AgNPs derived from GS (GS-AgNPs) was performed with physiochemical techniques (ultraviolet, transmission electron microscope [TEM], X-ray diffraction [XRD], and thermal gravimetric analysis) and cytotoxicity by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazo-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay.Results: We synthesized cost effective, eco-friendly AgNPs were characterized by physiochemical techniques. The crystal nature of AgNP was studied by XRD. TEM studies reveal the morphology of GS-AgNPs, the size of the nanoparticle is 10-50 nm. The cytotoxicity of GS-AgNPs studied against the four human cancerous cell line DU145, SKOV3, PC3, and A549 but the GS-AgNPs are most sensitive toward the SKOV3 cell line. The minimum inhibitory concentration (IC) is 79.45±5.26, 61.80±4.27, 94.74±9.26, and 90.10±8.24 μg/mL, respectively. Morphological assessment of the SKOV3 cells was studied using AO/EB and Hoechst staining at IC50 concentration.Conclusion: The bio fabrication of the GS-AgNPs were simple, eco-friendly and one pot synthesis, it is used as an anticancer agent in future, pending further investigation

A RAPID RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION RIBAVIRIN IN TABLETS

Objective: To develop an accurate, precise and linear Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) method and validate as per ICH guidelines for the quantitative estimation of Ribavirin (200mg) in tablets.Methods: The optimized method uses a reverse phase column, Enable Make KromasilC18 (250 X 4.6 mm; 5μ), a mobile phase of phosphate buffer (pH 4.2): acetonitrile in the proportion of 85:15 v/v, flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and a detection wavelength of 215 nm using a PDA detector.Results: The developed method resulted in Ribavirin eluting at 2.606 min. Ribavirin exhibited linear in the range 25-150μg/ml. The precision is exemplified by the relative standard deviation of 0.4%. Percentage Mean recovery was found to be in the range of 98â€102, during accuracy studies. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitiation (LOQ) was found to be 0.24ng/ml and 0.73ng/ml respectively.Conclusion: An accurate, precise and linear RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for the quantitative estimation of Ribavirin in VIRAZIDE (200mg) tablets as per ICH guidelines and hence it can be used for the routine analysis in various pharmaceutical industries.Â

Development and In vivo evaluation of immediate release amlodipine besylate and nebivolol hydrochloride coated pellets using 32 full factorial design by novel liquid layering technology

The aim of the present investigation was to development of immediate release liquid coated pellets of poorly soluble drugs Amlodipine besylate (AMD) and Nebivolol HCl (NBV) by novel liquid layering technology to enhance solubility and bioavailability with HPC-EF as hydrophilic polymer and PVP K 30 as binder. A 32 full factorial design was employed to optimize the formulation of pellets. In order to optimize formulations, two polymers HPC-EF and PVP K 30 as factors and amount of polymers (three different concentrations), were taken as independent variables. All the formulations were evaluated for particle size, friability, moisture content, drug content, in vitro dissolution studies and in vivo bioavailability studies. All the formulations were found uniform with respect to all evaluation parameters. The optimized formulation (F5) showed highest % of drug release 99.59 by the end of 8 min for AMD and 99.21 % of drug release for NBV, when compared with the marketed product (NEBISTAR-AM) the percentage of AMD and NBV was 83.91 and 82.67 respectively within 8 min, by using 4% of HPC-EF and 1% of PVP K 30. SEM confirmed that F5 was spherical in shape with a smooth surface. In vivo studies indicated significant difference in the bioavailability between AMD and NBV coated pellets with pure drug. Clinical data confirmed that the optimized formulation (F5) by choosing immediate release drug coated pellet technology by liquid layering method could improve patient compliance and ensure better disease management when compared with the marketed product.

Estimation of Thermodynamic Stability of Methane and Carbon Dioxide Hydrates in the Presence of Hydrogen Sulfide

.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Constant amplitude and post-overload fatigue crack growth behavior in PM aluminum alloy AA 8009

A recently developed, rapidly solidified, powder metallurgy, dispersion strengthened aluminum alloy, AA 8009, was fatigue tested at room temperature in lab air. Constant amplitude/constant delta kappa and single spike overload conditions were examined. High fatigue crack growth rates and low crack closure levels compared to typical ingot metallurgy aluminum alloys were observed. It was proposed that minimal crack roughness, crack path deflection, and limited slip reversibility, resulting from ultra-fine microstructure, were responsible for the relatively poor da/dN-delta kappa performance of AA 8009 as compared to that of typical IM aluminum alloys

Development and characterization of ternary solid dispersion systems of olmesartan medoxomil

The ternary solid dispersion systems of poorly water soluble olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) were prepared by conventional kneading method in order to improve its physicochemical performance. A 32 full factorial design approach was employed to optimize influence of concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 (PVP) and poloxamer 407 (PLX) on physicochemical characteristics of these dispersions. All formulations were characterized by XRPD, DSC and dissolution studies. Physical studies revealed complete loss of crystallinity and formation of uniform molecular dispersion of OLM in its ternary systems. All dispersion systems showed significant improvement in dissolution profile in comparison to pure drug alone (p 2 : 68.43 ± 2.8 %) of OLM suggesting optimum ratio of carrier system. The kinetic study of dissolution displayed to follow the Korsmeyer-Peppas model (r2 = 0.9835).Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

First mesospheric turbulence study using coordinated rocket and MST radar measurements over Indian low latitude region

A campaign to study turbulence in the mesosphere, over low latitudes in India, using rocket-borne measurements and Indian MST radar, was conducted during July 2004. A rocket-borne Langmuir probe detected a spectrum of electron density irregularities, with scale sizes in the range of about 1m to 1 km, in 67.5-78.0 km and 84-89 km altitude regions over a low latitude station Sriharikota (13.6°N, 80.2°E). A rocket-borne chaff experiment measured zonal and meridional winds about 30 min after the Langmuir probe flight. The MST radar located at Gadanki (13.5°N, 79.2°E), which is about 100 km west of Sriharikota, also detected the presence of a strong scattering layer in 73.5-77.5 km region from which radar echoes corresponding to 3m irregularities were received. Based on the region of occurrence of irregularities, which was highly collisional, presence of significant shears in zonal and meridional components of wind measured by the chaff experiment, 10 min periodicity in zonal and meridional winds obtained by the MST radar and the nature of wave number spectra of the irregularities, it is suggested that the observed irregularities were produced through the neutral turbulence mechanism. The percentage amplitude of fluctuations across the entire scale size range showed that the strength of turbulence was stronger in the lower altitude regions and decreased with increasing altitude. It was also found that the amplitude of fluctuations was large in regions of steeper electron density gradients. MST radar observations showed that at smaller scales of turbulence such as 3 m, (a) the thickness of the turbulent layer was between 2 and 3 km and (b) and fine structures, with layer thicknesses of about a km or less were also embedded in these layers. Rocket also detected 3-m fluctuations, which were very strong (a few percent) in lower altitudes (67.5 to 71.0 km) and small but clearly well above the noise floor at higher altitudes. Rocket and radar results also point to the possibility of existence of thin layers of turbulence (<450 m). The turbulence parameters estimated from rocket-borne measurements of electron density fluctuations are consistent with those determined from MST radar observed Doppler spectra and the earlier works